Centos6.5 源码搭建MYSQL5.5+MySQL主从复制
实验环境：主服务器IP：192.168.1.188
从服务器IP：192.168.1.189
一、安装MySQL由于centos6.5系统默认安装了MySQL，所以需要卸载掉自带的mysql，主，从服务器都要执行相同操作
# yum remove mysql##卸载mysql
# cd /opt/ ##将mysql源码包下载到/opt目录下
# ls
mysql-5.5.44.tar.gz
# yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl cmake##安装依赖包，由于MySQL5.5版本以后需要用cmake编译，所以需要安装cmake
# tar xf mysql-5.5.44.tar.gz ##解压mysql
# cd mysql-5.5.44 ##cd到mysql解压目录
####使用cmake编译MySQL，指定安装目录为/opt/mysql,数据目录为/opt/mydata/data,配置文件目录为/opt/mysql
# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mydata/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/opt/mysql \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system \
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
# make
# make install
##创建程序用户，程序组。创建mysql数据目录，将/opt/mysql目录的属主和属组改为MySQL用户MySQL组
# groupadd -r mysql##创建mysql程序组
# useradd -g mysql -r -d /opt/mydata/data/ mysql##创建mysql用户
# mkdir -p /opt/mydata/data##创建数据目录
# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql##修改mysql安装目录的属组属主
# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##为mysql提供配置文件
# vi /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##在段内添加datadir= /opt/mydata/data
###为mysql提供启动脚本
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld ##添加执行权限
##初始化数据库，出现两个OK就初始化成功啦
# cd /opt/mysql
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/mydata/data/
# ls /opt/mydata/data/ ##初始化后就可以看到如下内容
mysqlmysql-bin.000001mysql-bin.000002mysql-bin.indexperformance_schematest
# service mysqld start ##启动mysql
Starting MySQL... [确定]
# netstat -an | grep 3306 ##查看3306端口是否开启
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
# vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh##为mysql配置环境变量，添加如下内容
export PATH=/opt/mysql/bin/:PATH
# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh ##重新识别，至此MySQL就安装结束了
二、配置MySQL主从
1、首先配置主服务器
# service mysqld stop
# vi /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##在段内添加如下内容
log-bin=mysql-bin ###########启用二进制日志#############
server-id=1 ###########服务器唯一ID###########
# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. [确定]
# mysqladmin -uroot -p password "123"#默认root用户密码为空，修改密码为123
Enter password:
# mysql -uroot -p ##登陆mysql终端，授权给从服务器，如下面绿色内容
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection> Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
####授权给从服务器####
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.1.189'> Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; ###刷新
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status; ##查询主数据库状态
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000005 | 333 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
###这里需要记录 File 以及 Position 的值，在操作从服务器时会用到，以你自身服务器的为准###
2、配置从服务器
# service mysqld stop##停止mysql数据库
Shutting down MySQL. [确定]
# vi /opt/mysql/my.cnf ##在段内添加如下内容
log-bin=mysql-bin ###########启用二进制日志#############
server-id=2 ###########服务器唯一ID###########
# service mysqld start##启动数据库
Starting MySQL.. [确定]
# mysqladmin -uroot -p password "123"#默认root用户密码为空，修改密码为123
Enter password:
# mysql -uroot -p ###登陆mysql终端，执行如下绿色字体SQL语句
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection> Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
###执行同步SQL语句###
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.1.188',
-> master_user='root',
-> master_password='123',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000005',
-> master_log_pos=333;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.17 sec)
###启动Slave 同步进程####
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
####主从同步检查####
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.1.188
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 333
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
>
> Slave_IO_Running: No ###这里应当为yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 333
> Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 1593
Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server> Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#####出现上方红色内容错误，由于主和从的server-id相同导致，解决办法如下########
mysql> show variables like 'server_id'; ###查看server-id
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 1 |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> stop slave; ###停止slave
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global server_id=2; ###手动修改server-id为2
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> slave start; ###再次启动slave
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G ####再次主从同步检查，发现两个都为yes####
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.188
Master_User: root
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 333
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000003
>
> Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 333
> Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#################################到这里整个MYSQL主从的复制就完成了############################
三、测试主从服务器是否能够同步，在主服务器test数据库上创建一张名为data的表，看从服务器是否能够同步过去。
# mysql -uroot -p ###这里为主服务器上的操作
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection> Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use test;##切换数据库到test
Database changed
##创建data表，字段name,address,phone
mysql> create table data(name varchar(20),address varchar(20),phone varchar(20));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
###插入内容，name=jerry,address=beijing,phone=13566666666
mysql> insert into data(name,address,phone) values ('jerry','beijing','13566666666');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> select * from data; ##执行select语句查询data表中的内容
+-------+---------+-------------+
| name| address | phone |
+-------+---------+-------------+
| jerry | beijing | 13566666666 |
+-------+---------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
####################切换到从服务器验证是否同步############################
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection> Server version: 5.5.44-log Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use test; ##切换到test数据库
Database changed
mysql> show tables;##查看表
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| data |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from data; ##执行select语句查看已经同步
+-------+---------+-------------+
| name| address | phone |
+-------+---------+-------------+
| jerry | beijing | 13566666666 |
+-------+---------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
###########################至此MySQL安装+主从复制已经全部结束##############################
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