MySQL学习笔记-安装和基本操作
MySQL学习笔记-安装和基本操作1.安装MySQL
1 # yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel 添加/etc/my.conf配置：
1 vi /etc/my.conf2 3 default-character-set=utf84 character_set_server=utf85 6 default-character-set=utf8 2.启动和停止MySQL服务：
# service mysqld start
# service mysqld stop
3.登录和退出MySQL，设置mysql密码，允许远程登录mysql：
1 # mysql -uroot //登录mysql1 mysql> exit //退出mysql 4.设置mysql密码
mysql>; USE mysql;
mysql>; UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('newpassword') WHERE user='root';
mysql>; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
设置mysql密码还可以用：mysql_secure_installation 命令
5.允许远程登录
1 mysql -u root -pEnter Password:mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '用户名'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' WITH GRANT OPTION; 完成后就能用mysql-front远程管理mysql了。
6.修改MySQL提示符
1 # mysql -uroot -proot --prompt ‘’ //在windows中不用‘’ 或连接进MySQL后修改:
mysql> prompt 5.MySQL提示符：
\D完整的日期\d当前数据库\h服务器名称\u当前用户 例：
1 # mysql -uroot --prompt '\u@\h \d'2 root@localhost (none) 或
mysql> prompt \u@\h \d>PROMPT set to '\u@\h \d>'root@localhost (none)> 6.MySQL常用命令
显示当前服务器版本号：
mysql> SELECT VERSION();+-----------+| VERSION() |+-----------+| 5.1.71 |+-----------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) 显示当前用户：
mysql> SELECT USER();
+----------------+| USER() |+----------------+| root@localhost |+----------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
显示当前日期时间：
mysql> SELECT NOW();
+---------------------+| NOW() |+---------------------+| 2016-11-20 21:32:55 |+---------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
7.MySQL语句规范：
***关键字与函数名称全部大写
***数据库名称，表名称，字段名称全部小写
***SQL语句必须以分号结尾
8.数据库基本操作：
数据库创建：
mysql> CREATE DATABASE test1; 加上 IF NOT EXISTS，若已存在该数据库，会提示警告信息:
mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test1;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
查看警告信息：
mysql> SHOW WARNINGS;+-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Level | Code | Message |+-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Error | 1064 | You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'WARNING' at line 1 |+-------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) 查看数据库列表：
mysql> SHOW DATABASES;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || test || test1 |+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec) 显示数据库创建的时候使用的指令：
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE test1;+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+| Database | Create Database |+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+| test1 | CREATE DATABASE `test1` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ |+----------+----------------------------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) 创建与配置文件不一样的数据库编码方式（例GBK）：
mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test2 CHARACTER SET gbk;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> SHOW CREATE DATABASE test2;+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+| Database | Create Database |+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+| test2 | CREATE DATABASE `test2` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */ |+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
修改数据库编码方式修改：
mysql> ALTER DATABASE test2 CHARACTER SET utf8;
[*] 或
mysql> ALTER DATABASE test2 CHARACTER SET = utf8; 删除数据库：
mysql> DROP DATABASE test1;
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