在Red Hat Linux Server 6上使用ASMLib-linux
从安装Oracle Database的角度来看，Oracle Linux要比Red Hat Linux更加适合，况且即使是Red Hat Linux 6，ASMLib也不是唯一的选择，但出于历史原因，我们通过这篇文章讨论一下在Red Hat Linux Server 6上能否使用ASMLib？下面是Oracle对在Red Hat Linux 6上使用ASMLib的说明：
Oracle ASMLib Downloads for Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server 6
Note: All ASMLib installations require that the 'kmod-oracleasm','oracleasmlib' and 'oracleasm-support' packages be installed on the system. The 'oracleasmlib' and 'oracleasm-support' packages are available for download at the locations listed below.
The kernel driver package 'kmod-oracleasm' is available directly from Red Hat, and can be installed from the "RHEL Server Supplementary (v. 6 64-bit x86_64)" channel on Red Hat Network (RHN).Use the ASMLib kernel driver that corresponds to the version of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux kernel you're running.
To> 使用ASMLib需要3个包：kmod-oracleasm oracleasmlib oracleasm-support，后两个包都可以直接在网站上下载到，关键是第一个ASMLib内核驱动包需要到RHN上更新，且应该匹配操作系统的内核版本。
以上文字来源于：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/rhel6-1940776.html
下面是Oracle对在Oracle Linux 6上使用ASMLib的说明：
Oracle ASMLib Downloads for Oracle Linux 6
Note: All ASMLib installations require the oracleasmlib and oracleasm-support packages appropriate for their machine.
The oracleasm-support package can be downloaded from the Unbreakable Linux Network(ULN) if you have an active support subscription, or from http://public-yum.oracle.com if you do not.
The oracleasm kernel driver is built into the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel for Oracle Linux 6 and does not need to be installed manually.
The oracleasm kernel driver for the 64-bit (x86_64) Red Hat Compatible Kernel for Oracle Linux 6 can be installed manually from ULN or http://public-yum.oracle.com using the yum tool:
# yum install kmod-oracleasm This kernel driver is not version-specific and does not need to be upgraded when the kernel is upgraded.
如果使用的是Oracle Linux的uek内核，oracleasm已经被编译到了内核中，如果使用的是和Red Hat兼容的内核，那么需要手动安装kmod-oracleasm包。
以上文字来源于：
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/ol6-1709075.html
# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
# ls
rhel-source.repo
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
--2014-03-25 22:43:05--http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol6.repo
Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 2.16.54.48, 2.16.54.96
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|2.16.54.48|:80... failed: Connection reset by peer.
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|2.16.54.96|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4233 (4.1K)
Saving to: “public-yum-ol6.repo”
100%[===================================================================================================>] 4,233 --.-K/s in 0s
2014-03-25 22:43:07 (190 MB/s) - “public-yum-ol6.repo” saved
# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6 -O /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
--2014-03-25 23:06:00--http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol6
Resolving public-yum.oracle.com... 46.33.75.121, 46.33.75.138
Connecting to public-yum.oracle.com|46.33.75.121|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1011
Saving to: “/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle”
100%[===================================================================================================>] 1,011 --.-K/s in 0s
2014-03-25 23:06:01 (27.6 MB/s) - “/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle” saved
# yum install kmod-oracleasm
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kmod-oracleasm.x86_64 0:2.0.6.rh1-2.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=============================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository > =============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
kmod-oracleasm x86_64 2.0.6.rh1-2.el6 ol6_latest 34 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total>
Installed> Is this ok : y
Downloading Packages:
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key> Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
Importing GPG key 0xEC551F03:
Userid: "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) "@oss.oracle.com>
From: /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
Is this ok : y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64 1/1
mylocalnet/productid | 1.7 kB 00:00 ...
Verifying: kmod-oracleasm-2.0.6.rh1-2.el6.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
kmod-oracleasm.x86_64 0:2.0.6.rh1-2.el6
Complete!
------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
这两个包可以通过ORACLE官方网站进行下载http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/asmlib/rhel6-1940776.html
# rpm -ivh oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################
1:oracleasm-support ########################################### [ 50%]
2:oracleasmlib ###########################################
至此在Red Hat Linux Server 6.4 x86_64bit上成功安装了kmod-oracleasm oracleasm-support oracleasmlib 3个包。
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]').Hittingwithout typing an
answer will keep that current value.Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) : y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) : y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver:
目前知道可能导致这个错误的原因有两个：
1.oracle asmlib内核和linux系统内核不符，修正方法，到oracle网站下载内核版本符合的asmlib，从新安装。
# uname -r
2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64
# rpm -qa|grep oracleasm
oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.x86_64
kmod-oracleasm-2.0.8-6.el6_7.x86_64
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.x86_64
发现在使用yum安装kmod-oracleasm时同时Updateb了一个新的kernel,原有内核为2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64、新内核为2.6.32-573.12.1.el6.x86_64。
# cat /boot/grub/grub.conf
# grub.conf generated by anaconda
#
# Note that you do not have to rerun grub after making changes to this file
# NOTICE:You have a /boot partition.This means that
# all kernel and initrd paths are> # root (hd0,0)
# kernel /vmlinuz-version ro root=/dev/sda2
# initrd /initrd-version.img
#boot=/dev/sda
default=0
timeout=5
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
hiddenmenu
title CentOS (2.6.32-573.12.1.el6.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.12.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=259c88b6-618d-4050-bb4a-a92f747e2f29 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD quiet SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb crashkernel=autoKEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-573.12.1.el6.x86_64.img
title CentOS (2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=259c88b6-618d-4050-bb4a-a92f747e2f29 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD quiet SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb crashkernel=autoKEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM
initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64.img
-------------------------------------------------------------
重启系统加载新的内核。
2.linux的selinux没有设置为disable
# vi /etc/selinux/config (把SELINUX置为disabled)
SELINUX=disabled
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]').Hitting without typing an
answer will keep that current value.Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) : y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) :
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver:
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks:
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector>
I/O>
Disk>
Device Boot Start End Blocks> /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 26 679 5242880 82Linux swap / Solaris
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda3 679 6528 46980096 83Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1044 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector>
I/O>
Disk> # fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk> Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1044, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1044, default 1044):
Using default value 1044
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been> Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
# /etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk VOL1 /dev/sdb1
Marking disk "VOL1" as an ASM disk:
查看硬盘设置与ASM disk对应关系
# ls -lt
total 0
brw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall8, 17 Nov 30 23:02 VOL1
# cd /dev/
# ls -lt sd*
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 Nov 30 23:04 sdb1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Nov 30 23:04 sdb
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,1 Nov 30 23:00 sda1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,2 Nov 30 23:00 sda2
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,3 Nov 30 23:00 sda3
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,5 Nov 30 23:00 sda5
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,4 Nov 30 23:00 sda4
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,0 Nov 30 23:00 sda
可以看到/dev/sdb1,/dev/oracleasm/disks/VOL1两个设备的设备号8,17是相同的,说明它们是一一对应的关系.
通过oracleasm命令也可以查询出这种对应关系.
# oracleasm listdisks
VOL1
# oracleasm querydisk VOL1
Disk "VOL1" is a valid ASM disk
# oracleasm querydisk /dev/sdb1
Device "/dev/sdb1" is marked an ASM disk with the label "VOL1"
# oracleasm querydisk -d VOL1
Disk "VOL1" is a valid ASM disk on device
# oracleasm querydisk /dev/sda5
Device "/dev/sda5" is not marked as an ASM disk ##/dev/sda5不是asm盘
---------------------------------
自已做了一把，总结遇到的问题，以及查看网络和自己排查后的一些方法，记录并与大家分享。
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