hti 发表于 2018-10-24 08:05:36

sql去除重复语句

  sql 单表/多表查询去除重复记录
  单表distinct
  多表group by
  group by 必须放在 order by 和 limit之前,不然会报错
  ************************************************************************************
  1、查找表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断
  select * from people
  where peopleId in (selectpeopleIdfrompeoplegroupbypeopleIdhavingcount(peopleId) > 1)
  2、删除表中多余的重复记录,重复记录是根据单个字段(peopleId)来判断,只留有rowid最小的记录
  delete from people
  where peopleIdin (selectpeopleIdfrom peoplegroupbypeopleId   havingcount(peopleId) > 1)
  and rowid not in (select min(rowid) frompeoplegroup by peopleIdhaving count(peopleId )>1)
  3、查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段)
  select * from vitae a
  where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in(select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seqhaving count(*) > 1)
  4、删除表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),只留有rowid最小的记录
  delete from vitae a
  where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in(select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
  and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
  5、查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段),不包含rowid最小的记录
  select * from vitae a
  where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in(select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
  and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
  (二)
  比方说
  在A表中存在一个字段“name”,
  而且不同记录之间的“name”值有可能会相同,
  现在就是需要查询出在该表中的各记录之间,“name”值存在重复的项;
  Select Name,Count(*) From A Group By Name Having Count(*) > 1
  如果还查性别也相同大则如下:
  Select Name,sex,Count(*) From A Group By Name,sex Having Count(*) > 1
  (三)
  方法一
  declare @max integer,@id integer
  declare cur_rows cursor local for select 主字段,count(*) from 表名 group by 主字段 having count(*) >; 1
  open cur_rows
  fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
  while @@fetch_status=0
  begin
  select @max = @max -1
  set rowcount @max
  delete from 表名 where 主字段 = @id
  fetch cur_rows into @id,@max
  end
  close cur_rows
  set rowcount 0
  方法二
  "重复记录"有两个意义上的重复记录,一是完全重复的记录,也即所有字段均重复的记录,二是部分关键字段重复的记录,比如Name字段重复,而其他字段不一定重复或都重复可以忽略。
  1、对于第一种重复,比较容易解决,使用
  select distinct * from tableName
  就可以得到无重复记录的结果集。
  如果该表需要删除重复的记录(重复记录保留1条),可以按以下方法删除
  select distinct * into #Tmp from tableName
  drop table tableName
  select * into tableName from #Tmp
  drop table #Tmp
  发生这种重复的原因是表设计不周产生的,增加唯一索引列即可解决。
  2、这类重复问题通常要求保留重复记录中的第一条记录,操作方法如下
  假设有重复的字段为Name,Address,要求得到这两个字段唯一的结果集

  select>  select min(autoID) as autoID into #Tmp2 from #Tmp group by Name,autoID
  select * from #Tmp where autoID in(select autoID from #tmp2)
  最后一个select即得到了Name,Address不重复的结果集(但多了一个autoID字段,实际写时可以写在select子句中省去此列)
  (四)
  查询重复

  select * from tablename where>  3、查找表中多余的重复记录(多个字段)
  select * from vitae a
  where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
  运行会产生问题,where(a.peopleId,a.seq)这样的写发是通不过的!!!
  1.查某一列(或多列)的重复值(只可以查出重复记录的值,不能查出整个记录的信息)
  例如:查找stuid,stuname重复的记录
  select stuid,stuname from stuinfo group by stuid,stuname having(count(*))>1
  2.查某一列有重复值的记录(此方法查出的是所有重复的记录,如果有两条记录重复的,就查出两条)
  例如:查找stuid重复的记录
  select * from stuinfo where stuid in (
  select stuid from stuinfo group by stuid having(count(*))>1
  )
  3.查某一列有重复值的记录(只显示多余的记录,也就是说如果有三条记录重复的,就显示两条)
  前提:需有一个不重复的列,此示例为recno。
  例如:查找stuid重复的记录
  select * from stuinfo s1 where recno not in (
  select max(recno) from stuinfo s2 where s1.stuid=s2.stuid)
  查询表中前5条记录:
select * from 表1 limit 5;   select * from 表1 limit 0,5;  查询表中第5条到第7条记录:
select * from 表1 limit 4,3;  随即选取一个记录:
select * from 表1 order by rand() limit 1;  随即选取n条记录:
select * from 表1 order by rand() limit n;

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