实现Redis高可用
利用keepalived实现redis高可用环境介绍：
master: 192.168.0.100
slave: 192.168.0.101
vip(keepvlied虚拟IP)： 192.168.0.200
注：这里有一个坑
就是在同一网段之间的Keepalived的配置文件中需要把 virtual_router_id 后面的值设置不同(范围是0-255)，否则，keepalived在主从切换的时间会有问题，而且在/var/log/messages日志中
会不断的写入日志，会把服务器写爆。
virtual_router_id 每一套都需要设置不同(范围是0-255) 当 Master 与 Slave 均运作正常时, Master负责服务，Slave负责Standby；
当 Master 挂掉，Slave 正常时, Slave接管服务，同时关闭主从复制功能；
当 Master 恢复正常，则从Slave同步数据，同步数据之后关闭主从复制功能，恢复Master身份，于此同时Slave等待Master同步数据完成之后，恢复Slave身份。
然后依次循环。
需要注意的是，这样做需要在Master与Slave上都开启本地化策略，否则在互相自动切换的过程中，未开启本地化的一方会将另一方的数据清空，造成数据完全丢失
在Master和Slave上安装Keepalived
yum install -y keepalived 首先，在Master上创建如下配置文件：
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id redis100
}
vrrp_script chk_redis
{
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh 127.0.0.1 6379"
interval 2
timeout 2
fall 3
}
vrrp_instance redis {
state MASTER # master set to SLAVE also
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
priority150
nopreempt # 非抢占模式，注：主与从必须同时设置为BACKUP
advert_int 1
authentication { #all node must same
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200/24
}
track_script {
chk_redis
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh 127.0.0.1 192.168.0.101 6379"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh 127.0.0.1 192.168.0.101 6379"
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
}
然后，在Slave上创建如下配置文件：
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id redis101
}
vrrp_script chk_redis
{
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh 127.0.0.1 6379"
interval 2
timeout 2
fall 3
}
vrrp_instance redis {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
priority100
advert_int 1
authentication { #all node must same
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.200/24
}
track_script {
chk_redis
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh 127.0.0.1 192.168.0.100 6379"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh 127.0.0.1 192.168.0.100 6379"
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
}
在Master和Slave上创建监控Redis的脚本
mkdir /etc/keepalived/scripts
vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh
#!/bin/bash
ALIVE=`/usr/redis/redis-cli -h $1 -p $2 PING`
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-check.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
if [ $ALIVE == "PONG" ]; then :
echo "Success: redis-cli -h $1 -p $2 PING $ALIVE" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
exit 0
else
echo "Failed:redis-cli -h $1 -p $2 PING $ALIVE " >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
exit 1
fi
编写以下负责运作的关键脚本
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
因为Keepalived在转换状态时会依照状态来呼叫：
当进入Master状态时会呼叫notify_master
当进入Backup状态时会呼叫notify_backup
当发现异常情况时进入Fault状态呼叫notify_fault
当Keepalived程序终止时则呼叫notify_stop
首先，在Redis Master上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本：
cat /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/redis/redis-cli -h $1 -p $3"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run MASTER cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF $2 $3 >> $LOGFILE
sleep 10 #delay 10 s wait data async cancel sync
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
cat /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/redis/redis-cli"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF $2 $3 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
# echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 15 #delay 15 s wait data sync exchange role
接着，在Redis Slave上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本：
cat /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/redis/redis-cli -h $1 -p $3"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ... " >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF $2 $3 >> $LOGFILE2>&1
#echo "SLAVEOF $2 cmd can't excute ... " >> $LOGFILE
sleep 10 ##delay 15 s wait data sync exchange role
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
cat /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/redis/redis-cli"
LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF $2 $3 >> $LOGFILE
sleep 100 #delay 10 s wait data async cancel sync
exit(0)
然后在Master与Slave创建如下相同的脚本：
cat /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
cat /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
#!/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
给脚本都加上可执行权限：
chmod +x /etc/keepalived/scripts/*.sh 脚本创建完成以后，我们开始按照如下流程进行测试：
1.启动Master上的Redis
$ /etc/init.d/redis start 2.启动Slave上的Redis
$ /etc/init.d/redis start 3.启动Master上的Keepalived
$ /etc/init.d/keepalived start 4.启动Slave上的Keepalived
$ /etc/init.d/keepalived start 5.尝试通过VIP连接Redis:
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 INFO 连接成功，Slave也连接上来了。
role:master
slave0:192.168.0.101,6379,online
6.尝试插入一些数据：
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 SET Hello Redis
OK
从VIP读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 GET Hello
"Redis"
从Master读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.143 GET Hello
"Redis"
从Slave读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.144 GET Hello
"Redis"
下面，模拟故障产生：
将Master上的Redis停了
本方来自：http://blog.csdn.net/huwei2003/article/details/41894197
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