apache+nginx 实现动静分离
这两天做了一下apache+nginx实现动静分离的实验，实验大概是这样的，搭建LAMP之后，再装上Nginx。用户访问页面的请求到达服务器之后，静态页面又nginx出来，动态页面则交给apache处理。这是因为apache处理静态页面的效率不高，远不及nginx。通过nginx的反向代理加速，直接将请求丢给apache去处理，达到动静分离的效果。下面是实验的过程：实验平台：RHEL6.3_x64 最小化安装
IP：192.168.30.114
# yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses-devel bison wget# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.31.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/一、安装mysql# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql# cd mysql-5.5.29# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DINSTALL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex -DMYSQL_USER=mysql# make && make install# cd /usr/local/mysql/# chown -R mysql:mysql. # mkdir /data# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql# chown -R root .# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfbind-address = 127.0.0.1port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockbasedir = /usr/local/mysqldatadir = /data/mysqluser = mysqlcharacter_set_server = utf8......# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql
二、安装apache# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.bz2# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.gz # cd apr-1.4.6# ./configure这里有一个报错：config.status: executing libtool commandsrm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directoryconfig.status: executing default commands解决办法：# vim configure# $RM "$cfgfile"找到上面那句命令，并注释# make && make install# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/apr.conf/usr/local/apr/lib# ldconfig # cd ..# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2 # cd apr-util-1.5.2# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr# make && make install# cd ..# tar xf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.bz2 # cd apr-iconv-1.2.1# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr# make && make install# tar xf httpd-2.2.22.tar.gz # cd httpd-2.2.22# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-ssl=share --enable-so # make && make install
三、安装php# yum install libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-turbo libjpeg-turbo-devel libpng libpng-devel readline-devel net-snmp-devel freetype-devel zlib-devel gd libjpeg-devel# tar xf php-5.4.11.tar.bz2 # cd php-5.4.11# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --disable-ipv6 --with-pcre-regex --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-dba=shared --with-pcre-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype --enable-mbstring --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-mhash --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --with-readline --with-snmp --enable-sockets --enable-zip # make && make install# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini为apache添加支持php# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf DirectoryIndex index.html index.phpInclude conf/extra/php.conf# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/php.conf SetHandler application/x-httpd-php // 引用模板使apache支持php创建动态页面# mkdir /data/www# vim /data/www/index.php启动apache# bin/apachectl start测试访问是否正常支持php四、编译安装nginx#yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed# tar xf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.2.6# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--without-http_uwsgi_module --without-http_scgi_module --without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module --with-http_perl_module --with-pcre # make && make install
五、配置nginx# vim conf/nginx.confuserwww www;worker_processes8;worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;pid logs/nginx.pid;events { worker_connections65535; use epoll;}error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log info;http { include mime.types; default_typeapplication/octet-stream; #log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_loglogs/access.logmain; charset gb2312; server_names_hash_max_size 2048; server_names_hash_bucket_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 256k; client_max_body_size 100m; large_client_header_buffers 4 256k; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; server_tokens off; tcp_nodelay on; proxy_send_timeout300; proxy_read_timeout300; proxy_buffer_size4k; proxy_buffers 16 32k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; proxy_connect_timeout 30s; keepalive_timeout10;# 开启压缩功能 gzipon; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_min_length1100; gzip_comp_level3; gzip_buffers4 32k; gzip_types text/plain text/xml text/css application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/atom+xml; ignore_invalid_headers on; client_header_timeout3m; client_body_timeout 3m; send_timeout 3m; connection_pool_size256; request_pool_size32k; output_buffers 4 64k; postpone_output1460; open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=300s; open_file_cache_valid 600s; open_file_cache_min_uses 2; open_file_cache_errors off; include "/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf"; log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';access_loglogs/access.logmain; }
# vim conf/vhosts/vhost1.confserver{ listen 80; server_name 192.168.30.114; root /data/www; index index.html index.htm index.php; if (-d $request_filename) { rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent; }#所有php的页面均交由apache处理 location ~ \.(php)?$ { proxy_set_headerHost $host; proxy_set_headerX-Real-IP$remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://192.168.30.114:81; } }
创建静态页面# echo "hello,this is the html test." > /data/www/index.html测试81端口能不能成功访问到页面
测试访问静态页面
测试访问动态页面
通过curl -I 可以看到访问静态页面的时候是通过Nginx处理的# curl -I http://192.168.30.114HTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginxDate: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:26:10 GMTContent-Type: text/html; Content-Length: 29Last-Modified: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:25:48 GMTConnection: keep-aliveAccept-Ranges: bytes由于动态页面是通过nginx进行反向代理交给apache处理，所以返回显示的也是nginx# curl -I http://192.168.30.114/index.phpHTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginxDate: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:26:58 GMTContent-Type: text/html; charset=gb2312Connection: keep-aliveX-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.11验证php是通过apache 处理的：关闭apache 再测试访问php页面，看到访问不到php，但是能访问到静态页面
为apache安装rpaf模块，该模块用于apache做后端时获取访客真实的IP# wget http://stderr.net/apache/rpaf/download/mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz# tar xf mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz # cd mod_rpaf-0.6# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs -i -c -n mod_rpaf-2.0.so mod_rpaf-2.0.c 编辑/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf添加模块参数
查找LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so,在下方添加:
# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.confLoadModule rpaf_module modules/mod_rpaf-2.0.so#Mod_rpaf settingsRPAFenable OnRPAFproxy_ips 192.168.30.114RPAFsethostname On RPAFheader X-Forwarded-For
重启apache,nginx 即可
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