火冰狐 发表于 2018-11-14 08:55:12

apache+nginx 实现动静分离

  这两天做了一下apache+nginx实现动静分离的实验,实验大概是这样的,搭建LAMP之后,再装上Nginx。用户访问页面的请求到达服务器之后,静态页面又nginx出来,动态页面则交给apache处理。这是因为apache处理静态页面的效率不高,远不及nginx。通过nginx的反向代理加速,直接将请求丢给apache去处理,达到动静分离的效果。下面是实验的过程:
  实验平台:RHEL6.3_x64 最小化安装
  IP:192.168.30.114
# yum install cmake gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses-devel bison wget# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.31.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/一、安装mysql# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql# cd mysql-5.5.29# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DINSTALL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex -DMYSQL_USER=mysql# make && make install# cd /usr/local/mysql/# chown -R mysql:mysql. # mkdir /data# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql# chown -R root .# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfbind-address    = 127.0.0.1port            = 3306socket          = /tmp/mysql.sockbasedir         = /usr/local/mysqldatadir         = /data/mysqluser            = mysqlcharacter_set_server = utf8......# vim /etc/init.d/mysqld basedir=/usr/local/mysql  datadir=/data/mysql
二、安装apache# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.4.6.tar.bz2# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2# wget http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.bz2# tar xf apr-1.4.6.tar.gz # cd apr-1.4.6# ./configure这里有一个报错:config.status: executing libtool commandsrm: cannot remove `libtoolT': No such file or directoryconfig.status: executing default commands解决办法:# vim configure# $RM "$cfgfile"找到上面那句命令,并注释# make && make install# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/apr.conf/usr/local/apr/lib# ldconfig # cd ..# tar xf apr-util-1.5.2.tar.bz2 # cd apr-util-1.5.2# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr# make && make install# cd ..# tar xf apr-iconv-1.2.1.tar.bz2 # cd apr-iconv-1.2.1# ./configure --with-apr=/usr/local/apr# make && make install# tar xf httpd-2.2.22.tar.gz # cd httpd-2.2.22# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2 --enable-ssl=share --enable-so  # make && make install
三、安装php# yum install libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel libjpeg-turbo libjpeg-turbo-devel libpng libpng-devel readline-devel net-snmp-devel freetype-devel zlib-devel gd libjpeg-devel# tar xf php-5.4.11.tar.bz2 # cd php-5.4.11# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --disable-ipv6 --with-pcre-regex --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-dba=shared --with-pcre-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-freetype --enable-mbstring --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-mhash --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --with-readline --with-snmp --enable-sockets --enable-zip # make && make install# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini为apache添加支持php# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf    DirectoryIndex index.html index.phpInclude conf/extra/php.conf# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/php.conf    SetHandler application/x-httpd-php                   // 引用模板使apache支持php创建动态页面# mkdir /data/www# vim /data/www/index.php启动apache# bin/apachectl start测试访问是否正常支持php四、编译安装nginx#yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed# tar xf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.2.6# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--without-http_uwsgi_module --without-http_scgi_module --without-http_upstream_ip_hash_module --with-http_perl_module --with-pcre  # make && make install
五、配置nginx# vim conf/nginx.confuserwww www;worker_processes8;worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;pid      logs/nginx.pid;events {    worker_connections65535;    use epoll;}error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log info;http {    include       mime.types;    default_typeapplication/octet-stream;    #log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';    #access_loglogs/access.logmain;    charset gb2312;    server_names_hash_max_size 2048;    server_names_hash_bucket_size 256;    client_header_buffer_size 256k;    client_max_body_size 100m;    large_client_header_buffers 4 256k;    sendfile      on;    tcp_nopush   on;    server_tokens   off;    tcp_nodelay   on;    proxy_send_timeout300;    proxy_read_timeout300;    proxy_buffer_size4k;    proxy_buffers 16 32k;    proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;    proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;    proxy_connect_timeout 30s;    keepalive_timeout10;# 开启压缩功能    gzipon;    gzip_http_version 1.0;    gzip_min_length1100;    gzip_comp_level3;    gzip_buffers4 32k;    gzip_types    text/plain text/xml text/css application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript application/atom+xml;    ignore_invalid_headers on;    client_header_timeout3m;    client_body_timeout 3m;    send_timeout   3m;    connection_pool_size256;    request_pool_size32k;    output_buffers   4 64k;    postpone_output1460;    open_file_cache max=1000 inactive=300s;    open_file_cache_valid    600s;    open_file_cache_min_uses 2;    open_file_cache_errors   off;    include "/usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/*.conf";   log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';access_loglogs/access.logmain;  }
# vim conf/vhosts/vhost1.confserver{      listen 80;      server_name 192.168.30.114;      root /data/www;      index   index.html index.htm index.php;      if (-d $request_filename)                {                        rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;                }#所有php的页面均交由apache处理      location ~ \.(php)?$ {                proxy_set_headerHost $host;                proxy_set_headerX-Real-IP$remote_addr;                proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;                proxy_pass http://192.168.30.114:81;                }  }
创建静态页面# echo "hello,this is the html test." > /data/www/index.html测试81端口能不能成功访问到页面
测试访问静态页面
测试访问动态页面
通过curl -I 可以看到访问静态页面的时候是通过Nginx处理的# curl -I http://192.168.30.114HTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginxDate: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:26:10 GMTContent-Type: text/html; Content-Length: 29Last-Modified: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:25:48 GMTConnection: keep-aliveAccept-Ranges: bytes由于动态页面是通过nginx进行反向代理交给apache处理,所以返回显示的也是nginx# curl -I http://192.168.30.114/index.phpHTTP/1.1 200 OKServer: nginxDate: Thu, 06 Jun 2013 09:26:58 GMTContent-Type: text/html; charset=gb2312Connection: keep-aliveX-Powered-By: PHP/5.4.11验证php是通过apache 处理的:关闭apache 再测试访问php页面,看到访问不到php,但是能访问到静态页面
为apache安装rpaf模块,该模块用于apache做后端时获取访客真实的IP# wget http://stderr.net/apache/rpaf/download/mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz# tar xf mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz # cd mod_rpaf-0.6# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs -i -c -n mod_rpaf-2.0.so mod_rpaf-2.0.c  编辑/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf添加模块参数
  查找LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so,在下方添加:
# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.confLoadModule rpaf_module modules/mod_rpaf-2.0.so#Mod_rpaf settingsRPAFenable OnRPAFproxy_ips 192.168.30.114RPAFsethostname On  RPAFheader X-Forwarded-For
重启apache,nginx 即可
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