Tomcat详解（上）
Tomcat是Apache软件基金会（Apache Software Foundation）的Jakarta项目中的一个核心项目，由Apache、Sun和其他一些公司及个人共同开发而成。java程序写的网站用tomcat+jdk来运行。tomcat是一个中间件，真正起作用的，解析java脚本的是jdk。jdk（java development kit）是整个java的核心，它包含了java运行环境和一堆java相关的工具以及java基础库。最主流的jdk为sun公司发布的jdk，除此之外，其实IBM公司也有发布JDK，CentOS上也可以用yum安装openjdk。目前jdk版本1.6，1.7，1.8俗称版本6、版本7和版本8。安装JDK
1、下载安装包
官网下载地址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html，不可以使用wget。
2、解压并移动
# tar zxf jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz
# mv jdk1.8.0_144 /usr/local/jdk1.8 3、配置环境变量
# vim /etc/profile
##新增内容##
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/
JAVA_BIN=/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin
JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/jdk1.8/bin:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/bin
CLASSPATH=/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8/lib:/usr/local/jdk1.8/jre/lib/charsets.jar
# source /etc/profile 4、检查版本号
# java -version
java version "1.8.0_144"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_144-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.144-b01, mixed mode)
# rpm -qa |grep openjdk##搜索openjdk是否被安装
安装Tomcat
1、下载安装包
# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://apache.fayea.com/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.5.20/bin/apache-tomcat-8.5.20.tar.gz 2、解压并移动
# tar zxf apache-tomcat-8.5.20.tar.gz
# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.20 /usr/local/tomcat 3、启动服务
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.8
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started. 4、验证效果
# ps aux|grep tomcat
root 221139.53.0 3377808 103468 pts/1Sl 03:18 0:03 /usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -classpath /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 222040.00.0 112648 964 pts/1 S+ 03:18 0:00 grep --color=auto tomcat
# netstat -lntp|grep java
tcp6 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 22363/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 22363/java
tcp6 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 22363/java ▎三个端口：Tomcat的作用就是监听这三个端口。
8080为提供web服务的端口，
8005为管理端口，
8009端口为第三方服务调用的端口，比如httpd和Tomcat结合时会用到。
5、关闭进程
# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk1.8
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
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