centos下搭建nginx+tomcat实现集群负载与session复制
第一章 测试环境说明1.1 系统说明
系统均选用最小化安装的centos 5.7
1.2 软件说明
nginx-0.8.55
pcre-8.13
apache-tomcat-6.0.35
jdk-6u31-linux-x64
nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1
1.3 规划说明
客户端通过访问nginx做的负载均衡层去访问后端的web运行层（tomcat），如下图：
http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201304/03/1364979431_2921.jpg
另外，关于session复制原理，简单来说如下图：
http://img.my.csdn.net/uploads/201304/03/1364979438_3308.jpg
负载层：192.168.254.200
安装：pcre、nginx、nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1
后端tomcat运行层：192.168.254.221、192.168.254.222
安装：tomcat、jdk
第2章安装部署说明
2.1 负载均衡层安装部署说明
2.1.1 依赖包安装
yum install wget make gcc gcc-c++-y
yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel patch -y
2.1.2 创建nginx运行帐号
useradd www -s /sbin/nologin -M
2.1.3 Pcre安装
解压pcre安装包：tar xvf pcre-8.13.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.13
编译pcre：./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
安装：make && make install
2.1.4 Nginx安装
解压nginx和nginx-upstream
tar xvf nginx-upstream-jvm-route-0.1.tar.gz
tar xvf nginx-0.8.55.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.55
配置jvmroute路径：
patch-p0 < ../nginx_upstream_jvm_route/jvm_route.patch
编译nginx：
./configure \
--user=www \
--group=www \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client_body_temp \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy_temp\
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fastcgi_temp \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi_temp \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi_temp \
--add-module=/root/scripts/src/nginx_upstream_jvm_route/
安装:
make && make install
2.1.5 Nginx配置文件修改
Nginx作为负载的配置文件修改很简单，只需添加后端web服务器的ip及端口即可，修改运行帐号，下面配置文件中的红色字体为本次测试环境的修改值；
userwww www;
worker_processes 8;
#error_loglogs/nginx_error.logcrit;
#pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 2048;
}
http
{
upstream backend {
server 192.168.254.221:80 srun_id=real1;
server 192.168.254.222:80 srun_id=real2;
jvm_route $cookie_JSESSIONID|sessionid reverse;
}
include mime.types;
default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
#charsetgb2312;
charset UTF-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 20m;
limit_rate1024k;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
#gzip_min_length1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zonecrawler$binary_remote_addr10m;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name192.168.254.250;
index index.jsp index.htm index.html;
root/data/www/;
location /{
proxy_passhttp://backend;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_headerX-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_headerX-Real-IP$remote_addr;
proxy_set_headerHost $http_host;
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 30d;
}
location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1h;
}
location /Nginxstatus {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
log_formataccess'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
#access_logoff;
}
}
2.2 后端tomcat运行层部署说明
2.2.1 安装jdk
创建jdk安装目录：
mkdir /opt/java
赋予执行权限：
chmod 755 jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin
cd /opt/java
./jdk-6u31-linux-x64.bin
修改环境变量：
cat >> /etc/profile.d/java.sh
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