session会话保持之session服务器
拓扑图http://luoshixin.blog.运维网.com/attachment/201409/28/2817266_14119243996WrX.png
准备环境：
由于电脑配置烂，虚拟机有限，故一个虚拟机同时作多种服务器类型使用。
两个tomcat节点：172.16.19.1(tomcatA.luo.com)，172.16.19.21(tomcatB.luo.com)
两个memcached节点：172.16.19.21, 172.16.19.22
一个负载均衡节点(httpd)：172.16.19.1
两边都进行基本的jdk与tomcat安装
安装jdk
下载安装包并安装：
# rpm -ivh jdk-7u9-linux-x64.rpm
Preparing... ###########################################
1:jdk ###########################################
Unpacking JAR files...
rt.jar...
Error: Could not open input file: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_09/jre/lib/rt.pack
jsse.jar...
Error: Could not open input file: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_09/jre/lib/jsse.pack
charsets.jar...
Error: Could not open input file: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_09/jre/lib/charsets.pack
tools.jar...
Error: Could not open input file: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_09/lib/tools.pack
localedata.jar...
Error: Could not open input file: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_09/jre/lib/ext/localedata.pack
说明：这些错误暂时可以忽略，不影响使用
查看java的安装目录
# ll /usr/java/
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx1 root root 16 Sep 26 06:03 default -> /usr/java/latest
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Sep 26 06:03 jdk1.7.0_09
lrwxrwxrwx1 root root 21 Sep 26 06:03 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_09
latest链接指定最新版本
修改环境变量
# vim/etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/latest
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
# . /etc/profile.d/java.sh
查看版本信息
# java -version
java version "1.7.0_09"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_09-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.5-b02, mixed mode)
安装Tomcat
解压并创建链接
# tar -xf apache-tomcat-7.0.42.tar.gz -C /usr/local
# cd /usr/local
# ln -sv apache-tomcat-7.0.42 tomcat
`tomcat' -> `apache-tomcat-7.0.42'
修改环境变量
# vim /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
export PATH=$CATALINA_HOME/bin:$PATH
# . /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
启动tomcat
# catalina.sh start# 或者使用命令startup.sh，默认使用8080端口，先确定端口没有被占用
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
查看启动的端口
# netstat -tnlp |grep java
tcp 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 4357/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 4357/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 4357/java
查看版本
# cd /usr/local/tomcat
# catalina.sh version 或者version.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/latest
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Server version: Apache Tomcat/7.0.42
Server built: Jul 2 2013 08:57:41
Server number:7.0.42.0
OS Name: Linux
OS Version: 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
Architecture: amd64
JVM Version: 1.7.0_09-b05
JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation
测试tomcat成功运行：
http://luoshixin.blog.运维网.com/attachment/201409/28/2817266_1411924400Y998.png
二、配置代理、负载均衡、memcached
memcached-session-manager项目地址，http://code.google.com/p/memcached-session-manager/
下载如下jar文件至各tomcat节点的tomcat安装目录下的lib目录中，其中软件的版本号要和tomcat是相同的版本号。
node、node1节点：
memcached-session-manager-1.8.2.jar
memcached-session-manager-tc7-1.8.2.jar
msm-javolution-serializer-1.8.2.jar
spymemcached-2.10.2.jar
javolution-5.5.1.jar
分别在两个tomcat上的某host上定义一个用于测试的context容器，并在其中创建一个会话管理器，如下所示(node、node1节点)：
分别为两个context提供测试页面：
node(tomcatA):
# mkdir -pv /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/WEB-INF/{classes,lib}
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/index.jsp
添加如下内容：
TomcatA
TomcatA.luo.com
Session ID
Created on
node1(tomcatB):
# mkdir -pv /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/WEB-INF/{classes,lib}
# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/test/index.jsp
添加如下内容：
TomcatB
TomcatB.luo.com
Session ID
Created on
在node节点（172.16.19.1）上配置反向代理的负载均衡内容
可以新建个文件mod_http.con，类似如下所示：
配置apache通过mod_proxy模块与Tomcat连接
查看相关模块是否启用
# httpd -M |grep proxy
Syntax OK
proxy_module (shared)
proxy_balancer_module (shared)
proxy_ftp_module (shared)
proxy_http_module (shared)
proxy_ajp_module (shared)
proxy_connect_module (shared)
# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_http.conf
BalancerMemberhttp://172.16.19.1:8080 loadfactor=1
BalancerMemberhttp://172.16.19.21:8080 loadfactor=1
# 如果使用ajp则使用下面现行替换上面现行即可
# BalancerMemberajp://172.16.19.1:8009 loadfactor=1
# BalancerMemberajp://172.16.19.21:8009 loadfactor=1
ProxySetlbmethod=byrequests
SetHandler balancer-manager
ProxyPass !
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
ProxyPass / balancer://tomcat/
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://tomcat/
基于mod_jk的负载均衡
# yum -y install httpd-devel
# rpm -ql httpd-devel |grep apxs
# tar xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src.tar.gz
# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src/native
# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs
# make && make install
# cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_jk.conf#新添加文件，把之前添加的mod_http.conf暂时改个后续名
LoadModulejk_modulemodules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile/etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
JkLogFilelogs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLeveldebug #调试时使用debug
JkMount/*lbA
JkMount/status/statA
# cat /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
worker.list = lbA,statA
worker.TomcatA.type = ajp13
worker.TomcatA.host = 172.16.19.1
worker.TomcatA.port = 8009
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor = 1
worker.TomcatB.type = ajp13
worker.TomcatB.host = 172.16.19.21
worker.TomcatB.port = 8009
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor = 1
worker.lbA.type = lb
worker.lbA.sticky_session = 0
worker.lbA.balance_workers = TomcatA,TomcatB
worker.statA.type = status
需要在两边的主配置文件中加上jvmRoute参数
# cat /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
# catalina.sh start
# service httpd restart
三、配置node1与node2的memcached
# yum install –y install memcached
# service memcached start
# ss –tnl |grep 11211
四、测试结果
在浏览器中访问http://172.16.19.1/test，结果如下所示，其session ID在负载均衡环境中保持不变。
http://luoshixin.blog.运维网.com/attachment/201409/28/2817266_1411924400JGLC.png
负载均衡与session绑定已经可以实现
2、模拟node2故障，停止node2的memcached，可以看到已经转到n1（memcached1）上面了且session保持不变
# service memcached stop
http://luoshixin.blog.运维网.com/attachment/201409/28/2817266_14119244015l0p.png
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