LNMT架构部署：Linux+Nginx+Mysql+Tomcat（负载均衡，动静分离）
环境描述：虚拟机准备两台，一台作为nginx服务器+mysql服务器，IP为：192.168.55.129；另外一台作为2台Tomcat服务器，IP为：192.168.55.130。客户端发来请求，首先由nginx处理，如果为静态内容直接由nginx响应，将结果直接给客户端；如果为动态内容，则由nginx反代至后端的Tomcat服务器。在IP为192.168.55.129的服务器上安装和配置nginx关闭防火墙和selinux
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
# setenforce 0
#sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
创建系统用户nginx
#useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
安装依赖环境
# yum -y install pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd-devel
# yum -y groups install 'Development Tools'
创建日志存放目录
# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/log/nginx/
下载nginx
# cd /usr/src/
# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
编译安装
# cd /usr/src/
# ls
debugkernelsnginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
# tar xf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.14.0
# ls
auto CHANGES.ruconfigurehtml man src
CHANGESconf contrib LICENSEREADME
# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
> --user=nginx \
> --group=nginx \
> --with-debug \
> --with-http_ssl_module \
> --with-http_realip_module \
> --with-http_image_filter_module \
> --with-http_gunzip_module \
> --with-http_gzip_static_module \
> --with-http_stub_status_module \
> --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
> --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
# make -j 2 && make install
nginx安装后配置配置环境变量
# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/nginx/sbin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
#. /etc/profile.d/nginx.sh
启动nginx
# nginx
# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
在IP为192.168.55.129上安装mysql
安装依赖包
# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel
创建用户和组
# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql
下载二进制格式的mysql软件包
# cd /usr/src/
# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
解压软件至/usr/local
#tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
# cd /usr/local/
# ls
bin includelibexec sbin
etc lib mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64share
gameslib64 nginx src
# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
"mysql" -> "mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/"
# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx.1 root root36 9月 6 17:30 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x.9 root root 129 9月 6 17:28 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 151 9月 6 17:08 nginx
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.5 root root49 9月 3 23:02 share
drwxr-xr-x.2 root root 6 11月5 2016 src
修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 9月 6 17:30 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
添加环境变量
# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
#echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
建立数据存放目录
# mkdir /opt/data
# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
#ll /opt/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 9月 6 17:34 data
初始化数据库
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
配置mysql
# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
"/usr/local/include/mysql" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"
# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
#ldconfig -v
生成配置文件
# cat > /etc/my.cnfbasedir = /usr/local/mysql
> datadir = /opt/data
> socket= /tmp/mysql.sock
> port = 3306
> pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF
配置服务启动脚本
# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
启动mysql
root@yanyinglai local]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/yanyinglai.err'.
... SUCCESS!
# ps -ef | grep mysql
root 42077 10 17:57 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql 4225542077 15 17:57 pts/2 00:00:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=yanyinglai.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 42291 46720 17:57 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
修改密码，使用临时密码登录
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
mysql> set password = password('yanyinglai123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在192.168.55.130这台虚拟机配置两台tomcat项目部署
关闭防火墙和selinux
#
# systemctl stop firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
#setenforce 0
# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
Java环境安装
//安装jdk环境
#yum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
#java -version
openjdk version "1.8.0_131"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_131-b12)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.131-b12, mixed mode)
tomcat部署
//下载tomcat
# cd /usr/src/
#wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.8/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz
//创建tomcat存放目录
# cd /usr/local/
# mkdir tomacat{1,2}
# ls
bingames lib libexecsbin src tomacat2
etcincludelib64nginx sharetomacat1
//将tomcat解压存放目录
# cd /usr/src/
# ls
apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gzdebugkernels
# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomacat1
# tar xf apache-tomcat-9.0.8.tar.gz -C /usr/local/tomacat2
//创建软连接
# cd /usr/local/tomacat1
# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.8/ tomcat1
# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 160 9月 5 21:52 apache-tomcat-9.0.8
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root20 9月 5 21:54 tomcat1 -> apache-tomcat-9.0.8/
# cd /usr/local/tomacat2
# ln -s apache-tomcat-9.0.8/ tomcat2
# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 160 9月 5 21:52 apache-tomcat-9.0.8
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root20 9月 5 21:55 tomcat2-> apache-tomcat-9.0.8/
创建测试目录并创建测试文件
#mkdir /usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1/webapps/test
# mkdir /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2/webapps/test
# cd /usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1/webapps/test
# vi index.jsp
# cat index.jsp
test page
# cd /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2/webapps/test
# vi index.jsp
# cat index.jsp
test page
//修改tomcat2的端口，否则端口起冲突。配置文件为：server.xml
# cd /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2/
# ls
bin lib logs RELEASE-NOTEStemp work
confLICENSENOTICERUNNING.txt webapps
# cd conf/
# ls
catalina.policy jaspic-providers.xsdtomcat-users.xsd
catalina.properties logging.properties web.xml
context.xml server.xml
jaspic-providers.xmltomcat-users.xml
# vi server.xml
# /usr/local//tomacat1/tomcat1/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomacat1/tomcat1/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
# /usr/local//tomacat2/tomcat2/bin/catalina.sh start
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomacat2/tomcat2/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
//输入192.168.55.130:8080 访问
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/c56e8f3ae735b3490e4c61b07bac2b8f.png
//输入192.168.55.130:8080/test 访问
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/654ea574bb9bcdb1ab0a7a27430c9b33.png
//第二台tomcat
//输入192.168.55.130:8081访问
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/83b51f79b2c4cc0eb815a171404f118a.png
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/23453c7ae0b2a66742bf012180ea77b2.png
//在主机192.168.55.129上搭建nginx使用nginx实现负载均衡,修改配置文件配置nginx实现动静分离
# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
upstream web {
server 192.168.55.130:8080;
server 192.168.55.130:8081;
}
定义好upstream后，需要在server段内添加如下内容
location ~* \.(do|jsp)$ {
proxy_pass http://web;
}
location ~* tomcat\.(png|css)$ {
proxy_pass http://web;
}
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
修改完配置文件检查语法错误，并重启服务
# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
# nginx -s reload
静态资源访问nginx
//输入192.168.56.129访问
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/7281de1c62bd16a7eadde9593264f41f.png
//动态资源访问tomcat
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/e9ebfdc290a8d57d8568a619cc308c28.png
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/e0f0b7a6cd794e946786b0c95dd8af70.png
刷新一下
http://i2.运维网.com/images/blog/201809/06/cd63673b5e24409b3657a231bd4990c7.png
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