源码包搭建LNMP+Memcached平台
此实验在一台服务器上完成，IP为192.168.100.1一.用源码包搭建LNMP网站运行平台
1.安装依赖包软件，停止rpm包apache和mysql服务
# yum -y groupinstall "Development libraries" "Development tools" "X Software Development"
# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make
# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel
# service httpd stop;chkconfig httpd off
# service mysqld stop;chkconfig mysqld off
2.安装Nginx
# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.2.0
# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid \
--user=nginx --group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/fcgi \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/usr/local/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre
# make
# make install
3.启动nginx 服务
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx-t
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
# netstat -tunalp | grep :80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:800.0.0.0:*LISTEN32428/nginx
4.在本机测试是否能访问
elinks --dump http://localhost
5.安装mysql(选用5.5.13版本的源码包安装,此版本需要cmake编译工具）
5.1安装cmake 编译工具
# tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
# cd cmake-2.8.10.2
# ./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/local/cmake
# make
# makeinstall
# /usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake --version
ncmake version 2.8.10.2
5.2安装源码包mysql
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.old
# useradd -M -s /sbin/nlogin mysql
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.13.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.5.13
# /usr/local/cmake/bin/cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
# make
# make install
5.3初始化mysql授权库
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
# cd /usr/local/mysql/
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql //初始化mysql授权库
# ls /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql //产生授权库，则初始化成功
5.4创建主配置文件
# cd mysql-5.5.13
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
5.5添加为系统服务并启动源码数据库服务
# cd mysql-5.5.13
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# service mysqld start
5.6把源码mysql命令所在的路径添加到系统环境变量PATH里
# PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin/:$PATH
# vim /etc/bashrc
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
export PATH
5.7设置数据库管理员从本机登录的密码
# mysqladmin -uroot password "123456"
5.8测试用数据库管理员root在本机登录
# mysql -uroot -p123456
# mysql>
5.9指定mysql库文件的位置
# vim /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib/ //添加库文件的位置
# ldconfig -v //加载库文件
6.安装源码php
6.1安装php的扩展软件（mhash libiconv libmcrypt libltdl）
# tar -zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz //哈希函数库
# cd mhash-0.9.9.9
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# tar -zxvf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz //处理中文各种编码之间的转换
# cd libiconv-1.13
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# tar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz //提供加密功能的库文件
# cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# cd libltdl
# ./configure --with-gmetad --enable-gexec --enable-ltdl-install
# make
# make install
6.2指定扩展包库文件的位置
# ln -sv /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt* /usr/lib/
# ln -sv /usr/local/lib/libmhash.* /usr/lib/
# ldconfig -v
6.3安装源码包php
# tar -zxvf php-5.4.9.tar.gz
# cd php-5.4.9
# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php5nginx \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5nginx/etc \
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \
--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local \
--with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-bcmath \
--enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem \
--enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers
--enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring
--with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf \
--with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl \
--enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl \
--with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap \
# make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
# make install
6.4创建php的主配置文件php.ini
# cd php-5.4.9
# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php5nginx/etc/php.ini
二.整合Nginx和Fast-cgi
1.配置Fast-cgi
# cd /usr/local/php5nginx/etc
# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf //生成配置文件
# vim php-fpm.conf //根据需求编辑配置文件
……
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 //默认监听9000端口
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
……
2.启动php-fpm服务
# cd php-5.4.9/sapi/fpm/
# cp init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm //创建启动脚本
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
# chkconfig --add php-fpm
# service php-fpm start
# netstat -utnlap | grep :9000
3.编辑nginx.conf文件
# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
……
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
……
4.编辑fastcgi_params文件
# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params
……
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME$document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
……
5.重启nginx服务
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
6.测试nginx能否识别php网页
# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/test.php //制作测试网页
浏览器访问 http://192.168.100.1/test.php
7.测试php能否连接mysql数据库服务
# cd /usr/local/php5nginx/bin/
./php -m | grep --color mysql
# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/linkdb.php //制作测试网页
客户端访问 http://192.168.100.1/linkdb.php
三.LNMP+Memcached
1.在当前服务器上搭建memcached服务
1.1安装事件库程序
# tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.21-stable.tar.gz //事件库
# cd libevent-2.0.21-stable
# ./configure
# make
# make install
1.2指定库文件位置
# echo /usr/local/lib/ > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/libevent.conf
# ldconfig -v
1.3安装memcached
# tar -zxvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz
# cd memcached-1.4.5
# ./configure
# make
# make install
1.4启动memcached服务
# /usr/local/bin/memcached -l 192.168.100.1 -u root -m 200 -c 200 -n 10 -f 2 -d -vvv
# netstat -tulnp | grep :11211
2.安装php连接memcached服务器的工具
2.1安装memcache
# tar -zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
# cdmemcache-2.2.5
# /usr/local/php5nginx/bin/phpize
# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5nginx/bin/php-config --enable-memcache
# make
# make install
Installing shared extensions:
/usr/local/php5nginx/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/ //提示模块存放目录
2.2编辑php程序的配置文件,指定模块的位置
# vim /usr/local/php5nginx/etc/php.ini
……
extension_dir = "/usr/local/php5nginx/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/"
extension = memcache.so //加载模块
……
2.3重启php-fpm
# service php-fpm restart
3.查看php是否支持memcached
# /usr/local/php5nginx/bin/php -m | grep --color memcache
4.测试php能从memcahed里存取数据。
# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/mem.php //制作测试网页
客户端访问 http://192.168.100.1/mem.php 在网页上显示jin则表示测试成功
5.Nginx整合Memcached
当nginx服务器接收到访问.php文件时，先访问memcached服务器，在memcached服务器里没找到时，在到网站服务器上去找。
# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
Server {
server_name www.jinjianjun.com; //nginx服务器主机名
location / {
......
set $memcached_key $uri; //用uri路径定义变量
memcached_pass 127.0.0.1:11211; //把请求发给memcached服务器
default_type text/html;
error_page 404 @fallback; //请求跳转标记
}
location @fallback {
proxy_pass http://servergroup; //服务器组名，若转给某台nginx服务器，如本机也可写成proxy_pass http://192.168.100.1:80
}
}
6.重启nginx服务
# ./sbin/nginx-t
# ./sbin/nginx-sstop
# ./sbin/nginx
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