haproxy+varnish实现discuz论坛的动静分离以及静态缓存
一、目的：
(1) 动静分离discuzx，静态资源通过NFS挂载至动态服务器中；
(2) varnish缓存静态资源；
二、拓扑规划
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8A/1A/wKioL1gm-NqgHsc3AADVZY--o54296.jpg
三、步骤：
1、先部署discuz的动静分离
(1)在app动态服务器快速搭建LAMP环境：
yum install -y httpd mysql-server php php-mysql
(2)创建discuz论坛的mysql用户：
MySQL [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'nihao'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
MySQL [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
(3)部署discuz论坛程序：
# unzip Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip
(4)要实现discuz的动静分离，首先要了解discuz的动静资源的存放目录位置，在discuz的根目录upload目录中，data和static存放的是静态资源：
# tree -L 1
.
├── admin.php
├── api
├── api.php
├── archiver
├── config
├── connect.php
├── cp.php
├── crossdomain.xml
├── data#静态资源
├── favicon.ico
├── forum.php
├── group.php
├── home.php
├── index.php
├── install
├── member.php
├── misc.php
├── plugin.php
├── portal.php
├── robots.txt
├── search.php
├── source
├── static#静态资源
├── template
├── uc_client
├── uc_server
└── userapp.php
10 directories, 17 files
(5)知道了静态资源的位置，接下来就可以搭建static静态资源的静态服务器了，首先，快速搭建LAMP环境，这里就不演示了，搭建完成后启动NFS和配置NFS：
# yum install -y rpcbind nfs-utils
# vim /etc/exports#编辑NFS共享目录
# cat !$
cat /etc/exports
/var/www/html/upload/data 10.1.0.0/16(rw)
/var/www/html/upload/static 10.1.0.0/16(rw)
# service rpcbind start
# service ntf start
# showmount -e 10.1.249.30
Export list for 10.1.249.30:
/var/www/html/upload/static 10.1.0.0/16
/var/www/html/upload/data 10.1.0.0/16
(6)回过头来，先把动态服务的初始化静态内容复制到静态服务器上，再动态服务器上将静态资源的两个目录挂上去：
# scp /var/www/html/upload/static/* 10.1.249.30:/var/www/html/upload/static/*#拷贝文件时路径要一致
# scp /var/www/html/upload/data/* 10.1.249.30:/var/www/html/upload/data/*
# mount.nfs 10.1.249.30:/var/www/html/upload/static/ /var/www/html/upload/static/ #挂载NFS
# mount.nfs 10.1.249.30:/var/www/html/upload/data/ /var/www/html/upload/data/
(7)OK,接下来可以安装haproxy来进行设置acl调度了：
# yum install -y haproxy
# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Example configuration for a possible web application.See the
# full configuration options online.
#
# http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt
#
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
# need to:
#
# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.This is done
# by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
# file. A line like the following can be added to
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
#
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# turn on stats unix socket
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen stats
mode http
bind *:1080
stats enable
stats hide-version
stats uri /admin
stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
frontendmain
bind *:80
acl url_static path_beg -i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets
acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js .html .ico
use_backend static if url_static
default_backend app
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend static
balance roundrobin
server static 10.1.249.30:80 check
rspadd X-Via:static #启用响应报文首部标志，以便观察是静态服务器反馈的
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend app
balance roundrobin
server app 10.1.252.36:80 check
rspadd X-Via:app #启用响应报文首部标志，以便观察是动态服务器反馈的
(8)OK,haproxy已经搭建完成，我们来测试一下：
haproxy状态页：
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8A/1A/wKioL1gm-TaQTv20AAP6clWt8-M191.jpg
动态服务器响应：
http://s5.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8A/1E/wKiom1gm-TfBuK9bAAK0mumdaSQ184.jpg
静态服务器响应：
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8A/1A/wKioL1gm-TiTx6dOAAK0GCAMhLk807.jpg
2、动静分离已经实现，接下来在静态资源添加varnish来缓存静态资源：
(9)安装配置varnish，由于前端haproxy已经进行了资源的分离，所以，varnish的配置基本用默认的配置就可以了
# yum install -y varnish-3.0.7-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl
backend default {
.host = "10.1.249.30";
.port = "80";
}
(10)修改HAproxy的配置文件，把静态资源的调度IP改为varnish：
# cat/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Example configuration for a possible web application.See the
# full configuration options online.
#
# http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt
#
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
# need to:
#
# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.This is done
# by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
# file. A line like the following can be added to
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
#
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# turn on stats unix socket
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
mode http
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen stats
mode http
bind *:1080
stats enable
stats hide-version
stats uri /admin
stats realm Haproxy\ Statistics
stats auth admin:admin
stats admin if TRUE
frontendmain
bind *:80
acl url_static path_beg -i /static /images /javascript /stylesheets
acl url_static path_end -i .jpg .gif .png .css .js .html .ico
use_backend static if url_static
default_backend app
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend static
balance roundrobin
server static 10.1.249.75:6081 check
rspadd X-Via:static
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend app
balance roundrobin
server app 10.1.252.36:80 check
rspadd X-Via:app http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8A/1A/wKioL1gm-ZXjLE4tAAKt0g7HkT8868.jpg
OK,haproxy+varnish实现动静资源分离和静态资源的缓存到此暂告一段落，更多内容请关注我的博客。
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