Zabbix server 环境部署（LNMP+ZABBIX)
... 16目录
第1章引言... 1
1.1 目的... 1
1.2 Zenoss 概述... 1
1.3 Zabbix由2部分构成(zabbixserver与Agent)1
1.4 Zabbix 功能与特点... 2
1.4.1 功能... 2
1.4.2 特点... 2
第2章 Zabbix basic install3
2.1 LNMP 环境部署（Linux+Nginx+MySQL+PHP）... 3
2.2 LNMP 服务的基本配置... 6
2.3 LNMP服务启动... 10
第3章 Zabbix server basic install11
3.1 Zabbix server 基本安装... 11
3.2 Zabbix 基本配置... 11
3.3 Zabbix server 启动... 13
第4章 Zabbix 管理... 15
4.1 主机群组... 15
第5章自动化部署脚本... 16
5.1 ZabbixAgent 部署脚本... 16
第1章 引言
1.1 目的
实时监控系统服务，系统资源瓶颈，系统日志，达到预警措施！
1.2 Zenoss 概述
lzabbix是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案
lzabbix能监视各种网络参数，保证服务器系统的安全运营；并提供灵活的通知机制以让系统管理员快速定位/解决存在的各种问题
1.3 Zabbix由2部分构成(zabbix server与Agent)
a)Zabbix Server
a) zabbix server可以通过SNMP，zabbix agent，ping，端口监视等方法提供对远程服务器/网络状态的监视，数据收集等功能，它可以运行在Linux, Solaris, HP-UX, AIX, Free BSD, Open BSD, OS X等平台上,服务监听端口是10051
b)Zabbix Agent
a)zabbix agent需要安装在被监视的目标服务器上，它主要完成对硬件信息或与操作系统有关的内存，CPU等信息的收集。
b)zabbix agent可以运行在Linux,Solaris,HP-UX,AIX,Free BSD,Open BSD, OS X, Tru64/OSF1, WindowsNT4.0, Windows (2000/2003/XP/Vista)等系统之上，服务监听端口10050
c)other
a)zabbix server可以单独监视远程服务器的服务状态；同时也可以与zabbix agent配合，可以轮询zabbix agent主动接收监视数据（agent方式），同时还可被动接收zabbix agent发送的数据（trapping方式）。
b)另外zabbix server还支持SNMP (v1,v2)，可以与SNMP软件(例如：net-snmp)等配合使用。
1.4 Zabbix 功能与特点
1.4.1 功能
a)CPU负荷
b)内存使用
c)磁盘使用
d)网络状况
e)端口监视
f)日志监视
g)扩展监控（支持SHELL,PYTHON,PHP语音脚本）
1.4.2 特点
a)安装与配置简单，学习成本低
b)支持多语言（包括中文）
c)免费开源自动发现服务器与网络设备
d)分布式监视以及WEB集中管理功能
e)可以无agent监视
f)用户安全认证和柔软的授权方式
g)通过WEB界面设置或查看监视结果
h)email等通知功能
第2章 Zabbixbasic install
2.1 LNMP 环境部署（Linux+Nginx+MySQL+PHP）
1)tar xzvffreetype-2.3,9.tar.gz
# wgethttp://down1.chinaunix.net/distfiles/freetype-2.4.7.tar.bz2
#t ar xzvffreetype-2.4.7.tar.bz2
# cd freetype-2.4.7
# ./configurage–prefix=/usr/local/freetype
# make;makeinstall
2)#tar xjvflibxml2-2.9.1.tar.gz
# wget http://xmlsoft.org/sources/libxml2-2.9.1.tar.gz
# cd libxml2-2.9.1
# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
# make;make install
3)#tar xjvflibpng-1.6.9.tar.gz
# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/libpng16/1.6.9/libpng-1.6.9.tar.gz
#./configure–prefix=/usr/local/libpng
#make;make install
4)#tar xxvflibiconv-1.14.tar.gz
#wgethttp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
#./configure–prefix=/usr/local/iconv
#make;make install
5)#tar –xzvfjpegsrc.v9a.tar.gz
# wget http://www.ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v9a.tar.gz
# Mkdir /usr/local/jpeg
# Mkdir/usr/local/jpeg/include
# Mkdir/usr/local/jpeg/sibn
# Mkdir /usr/local/jpeg/lib
# Mkdir/usr/local/jpeg/man/man1 –p
#./configure–prefix=/usr/local/jpeg
#make ;make install
6)#tar xzvflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
# wget https://vps.googlecode.com/files/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
#./configure
#make;make install
# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8/usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
7)#tar xzvfmhash.0.9.9.9.tar.gz
#wget http://softlayer-ams.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
#./configure
# make;make install
# ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a/usr/lib/libmhash.a
# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
# ln -s/usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
8)#tar xzvfmcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
#wget https://vps.googlecode.com/files/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
#./configure
#make;make install
9)#tarzlb-1.2.8.tar.gz
# wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz
#./configure ;
#make;make install
10)# tar –xzvf libgd-2.11.tar.gz
#wget http://cdn.bitbucket.org/libgd/gd-libgd/downloads/libgd-2.1.0.tar.gz
#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-png=/usr/local/libpng/ --with-zlib--with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg/ --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype/ --with-xpm
#make;make install
11)tar –xzvf pcre-8.32.tar.gz
# wgetftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.32.tar.gz
# ./configure–prefix=/usr/local/pcre
# make;make install
12)tar –xzvf nginx-1.5.10.tar.gz
#wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.5.10.tar.gz
# groupadd www
# useradd –g www www
# ulimit -SHn 65535
#./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/Data/apps/nginx--with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module--with-pcre=/Data/tgz/pcre-8.32 --with-http_realip_module--with-http_image_filter_module
#make;makeinstall
13)#tar xjvfmysql-5.0.56.tar.bz
# groupadd mysql
# useradd –gmysql mysql
# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mysql –enable-assembler–with-mysqld-ldflage=-all-static
–with-client-ldflage=-all-static–with-unix-sock-path=/usr/local/mysql/tmp/mysql.sock
–with-charset=gbk –with-extra-charsers=all --enable-client-safe-thread
# make;make install
# cp -fr support-files/my-medium.cnf/etc/my.cnf
# /usr/local/bin/mysqld_install–user=mysql
# chown –R root .
# chown –R mysql var
# chgrp –R mysql .
# usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
14)tar –xzvf php-5.5.9.tar.gz
# wget http://us1.php.net/distributions/php-5.5.9.tar.gz
#./configure--prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/iconv/--with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype/
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg/--with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng/
--with-zlib--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2/--enable-xml --disable-rpath
--enable-bcmath--enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization
--with-curl--enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt
--with-gd=/usr/local/gd--enable-gd-native-ttf--enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl
--with-mhash--enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
--with-pdo-mysql--enable-maintainer-zts --enable-opcache=no
# make;make install
注意：在编译时出现这样的错误：/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lltdl
出现此错误大多是由于你的系统未安装libtool库导致，但即使你已安装了libtool库也可能会遇到。对此我们要做两件事情：
1，确认系统是否安装了libtool库；
2，为PHP编译作兼容性设置。
第一步很容做到：yum -y install libtool libtool-ltdl；
第二步由于PHP的configure指定的libltdl名为libltdl.so，为此我们只需添加一个名称连接：ln -s /usr/lib64/libltdl.so.3.1.4/usr/lib64/libltdl.so
2.2 LNMP 服务的基本配置
1)MySQL my.conf 配置
## cat /etc/my.cnf|grep -v '#'|grep -v '^$'
server-id= 2212433306
port= 3306
log_error= /var/lib/mysql/error.log
log_warnings= 2
user= mysql
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
tmpdir=/var/lib/mysql
slave-load-tmpdir= /tmp
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.pid
bind-address= 0.0.0.0
character-set-server= utf8
innodb_data_home_dir= /var/lib/mysql
innodb_data_file_path= ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir= /var/lib/mysql
innodb_log_files_in_group= 3
innodb_buffer_pool_size= 2G
transaction-isolation= READ-COMMITTED
innodb_log_file_size= 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size= 128M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size= 48M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit= 2
innodb_file_per_table= 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout= 20
innodb_buffer_pool_instances= 4
innodb_flush_method= O_DIRECT
innodb_adaptive_hash_index_partitions= 4
innodb_lazy_drop_table= 1
innodb_read_io_threads= 8
innodb_write_io_threads= 8
innodb_io_capacity= 600
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct= 70
innodb_sync_spin_loops= 10
innodb_fast_checksum= 1
innodb_file_format= Barracuda
innodb_file_format_max= Barracuda
expand_fast_index_creation= 1
back_log= 400
max_connections= 2048
max_connect_errors= 999999999
thread_cache_size= 64
table_open_cache= 2048
interactive_timeout= 3600
wait_timeout= 3600
sort_buffer_size= 16M
read_buffer_size= 16M
join_buffer_size= 8M
read_rnd_buffer_size= 24M
myisam_sort_buffer_size= 64M
key_buffer= 1024M
query_cache_size= 128M
query_cache_limit= 2M
query_cache_type= 1
max_tmp_tables= 64
tmp_table_size= 192M
max_heap_table_size= 192M
read_only= 1
expire_logs_days= 2
max_allowed_packet= 16M
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
slow_query_log= 1
long_query_time= 1
slow_query_log_file= slow-queries.log
log-bin=mysql-bin.log
relay-log= relay-bin.log
binlog_format= MIXED
log-slave-updates
skip-slave-start
replicate-same-server-id= 0
delay_key_write= ALL
myisam_repair_threads= 1
myisam-recover= BACKUP
2)Nginx nginx.conf 配置
# cat nginx.conf|grep -v '#'|grep -v '^$'
userwww www;
worker_processes4;
events {
worker_connections1024;
}
http {
includemime.types;
default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
sendfileon;
keepalive_timeout65;
server {
listen80;
server_namelocalhost;
location / {
root/data1/www/;
indexindex.php index.html index.htm;
}
error_page500 502 503 504/50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
roothtml;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root/data1/www;
fastcgi_pass127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_indexindex.php;
fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
includefastcgi.conf;
autoindex on;
}
}
}
3)Php php.ini配置
# sed -i 's/^\(.*\)date.timezone=.*$/date.timezone = Asia\/Shanghai/g' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# sed -i's/^\(.*\)post_max_size =.*$/post_max_size = 16M/g' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# sed -i's/^\(.*\)max_execution_time =.*$/max_execution_time = 300/g'/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
# sed -i's/^\(.*\)max_input_time =.*$/max_input_time = 300/g' /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
4)Php-fpm php-fpm.conf 配置
#cat php-fpm.conf|grep -v ';'|grep -v '^$'
user = nobody
group = nobody
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 5
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers= 3
5)Net-snmp snmpd.conf 配置
# cat/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf|grep -v '#'|grep -v '^$'
com2sec notConfigUserdefaultpublic
view mib2included.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2 fc
groupnotConfigGroup v2cnotConfigUser
viewinterface included.1.3.6.1.2.1.2
viewsystemviewincluded.1.3.6.1.2.1.1
viewsystemviewincluded.1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
accessnotConfigGroup ""anynoauthexact mib2none none
com2sec notConfigUserdefaultpublic
groupnotConfigGroupv1notConfigUser
groupnotConfigGroupv2cnotConfigUser
viewroviewincluded.1
syslocation Unknown (edit/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
syscontact Root (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
pass .1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.4.1/usr/bin/ucd5820stat
2.3 LNMP服务启动
1)Cp –fr /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx/etc/init.d/
2)Cp –fr/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm /etc/init.d
3)/etc/init.d/php-fpm &
4)/etc/init.d/nginx &
5)/usr/local/mysql/sbin/mysqld_safe–user=mysql &
第3章 Zabbix server basic install
3.1 Zabbixserver 基本安装
1）Net-snmp 安装（RPM）
#rpm -vihnet-snmp-devel-5.3.2.2-9.el5.x86_64.rpmbeecrypt-devel-4.1.2-10.1.1.x86_64.rpmelfutils-devel-0.137-3.el5.x86_64.rpmlm_sensors-devel-2.10.7-9.el5.x86_64.rpmbeecrypt-devel-4.1.2-10.1.1.x86_64.rpmelfutils-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.x86_64.rpmbeecrypt-4.1.2-10.1.1.x86_64.rpm
2）Tar –xzvf zabbix-2.2.2.tar.gz
# Wge http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/zabbix/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/2.2.2/zabbix-2.2.2.tar.gz
# cd zabbix-2.2.2
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server--enable-agent --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config--enable-proxy--enable-ipv6--with-net-snmp --with-libcurl=/usr/local/curl/bin/curl-config
# make ;make install
3.2 Zabbix 基本配置
1）数据库创建,导入数据库信息(MySQL)
# mysql –uroot –p****
# create database zabbix character set utf8;
# grant all on zabbix.* to ‘zabbix’@’localhost’ identifiedby ‘zabbix’ with grant option;
# grant all on zabbix.* to ‘zabbix’@’%’ identified by‘zabbix’ with grant option;
# flush privileges
2）导入数据库表结构
#cd /data1/lnmp/zabbix-2.2.2/database/mysql/
#mysql –uzabbix –pzabbix zabbix < schema.sql
#mysql –uzabbix –pzabbix zabbix < images.sql
#mysql –uzabbix –pzabbix zabbix < data.sql
3）Copy zabbix 源代码
# cp -fr /data1/lnmp/zabbix-2.2.2/frontends/php//data1/www/zabbix/
# chmod 755 –R/data1/www/zabbix
#chown –R ww:www /data1/www/zabbix
4）打开动态链接库
# echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/" >>/etc/ld.so.conf
# ldconfig #打开动态链接库，立即生效
5）Copy zabbix server agent 启动脚本并修改
# cp –fr /data1/lnmp/zabbix-2.2.2/misc/init.d/fedora/core5/*/etc/init.d/
# chmod 777 /etc/init.d/zabbix*
# vim /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
ZABBIX_BIN="/usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server"修改成
ZABBIX_BIN="/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server"
# vim /etc/init.d/zabbix_agent
ZABBIX_BIN="/usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server" 修改成
ZABBIX_BIN="/usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server"
6）Zabbix server 基本配置
## cat zabbix_server.conf|grep-v '#' |grep -v '^$'
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
DebugLevel=3
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=admin
DBPassword=admin
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
7）Zabbix agent 基本配置
# cat zabbix_agentd.conf |grep -v'#'|grep -v '^$'
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log
Server=192.168.221.243
3.3 Zabbixserver 启动
1）注册服务端口
# echo "zabbix-agent10050/tcp#Zabbix Agent">>/etc/services
# echo "zabbix-agent10050/udp#Zabbix Agent">>/etc/services
# echo "zabbix-server 10051/tcp#Zabbix Trapper">>/etc/services
# echo "zabbix-server10051/udp#Zabbix Trapper">>/etc/services
# server zabbix_server start
# server zabbix_agentdstart
# chkconfig–-add zabbix_server
# chkconfig –-add zabbix_agentd
# chkconfig -–level 345 zabbix_server
# chkconfig -–level 345 zabbix_agentd
2）启动服务脚本
a)Shell script, start.sh
# cat /root/start.sh
#!/usr/bin/env bash
arrs=(nginx php-fpm)
arr=(zabbix_agentdzabbix_server)
for s in ${arrs
[*]}
do
killall$s
/etc/init.d/$s &
sleep 1
done
for i in ${arr
[*]}
do
/etc/init.d/$i $1
sleep 1
done
3）WEB 安装
# http://123.125.221.243/zabbix/setup.php?ddreset=1&sid=acbce268d6ef8056
# 根据提示下一步 -下一步– 安装
第4章 Zabbix 管理
4.1 主机群组
1）在主机群组中添加模板
# 点击组态-模板-选中你需要添加的模板-
2）
第5章 自动化部署脚本
5.1 Zabbix Agent部署脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os,sys,time,commands,shutil,re
def agent_install():
url='http://123.125.221.243/tools'
path = '/opt'
zabbix_version = 'zabbix-2.2.2.tar.gz'
os.chdir(path)
cmd = "wget %s/%s -O %s/%s" %(url,zabbix_version,path,zabbix_version)
x,y= commands.getstatusoutput(cmd)
if x == 0:
os.system('source /etc/profile')
os.system('tar -xzvf %s -C /opt/' %zabbix_version)
os.chdir('/%s/%s' % (path,zabbix_version.split('.tar.gz')))
os.system('./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-agent;make;make install')
os.system('wget %s/zabbix_agentd -O /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd'%url)
os.system('wget %s/zabbix_agentd.conf -O /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf'%url)
os.system('groupadd zabbix')
os.system('useradd -g zabbix -s /sbin/nologin zabbix')
os.system('mkdir -p /var/run/zabbix;mkdir -p /var/log/zabbix')
os.system('chown -R zabbix:zabbix /var/log/zabbix/')
os.system('chown -R zabbix:zabbix /var/run/zabbix/')
os.system('chmod 777 /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd')
os.system('/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart')
shutil.move('/opt/%s'%zabbix_version,'/dev/null')
def agent_config():
try:
fp = open('/etc/rc.d/rc.local').readlines()
bs = False
for x,y in enumerate(fp):
if re.search('zabbix_agentd', y):
bs = True
break
if not bs:
fp.append('/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd restart \n')
fps=open('/etc/rc.d/rc.local','w')
fps.writelines(fp)
fps.close()
except Exception,e:
print e
if __name__ == "__main__":
sc = agent_install()
sd = agent_config()
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