CentOS 6.5上安装Zabbix 2.4.8
环境说明主机名角色IP地址zabbix.contoso.comzabbix server192.168.49.129zabbix-db.contoso.commysql server192.168.49.133 一、环境准备
以其中一台为例，两台都需要完成以下准备工作：
# 关闭iptables
# iptables -L -n
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target prot opt source destination
# 禁用selinux
# getenforce
Disabled
# 添加时间同步定时任务
# crontab -l
0 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44 64.147.116.229 time.nist.gov
# 修改主机名
# hostname
zabbix.contoso.com
# 安装必要的依赖包
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel 二、编译安装zabbix
以下操作在zabbix server（zabbix.contoso.com）上完成：
mkdir -p /opt/tools
cd /opt/tools/
wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/zabbix/zabbix-2.4.8.tar.gz?download
tar -zxf zabbix-2.4.8.tar.gz
cd zabbix-2.4.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent --with-net-snmp --with-mysql --with-libcurl 如果编译中出现下面的错误：
1）configure: error: MySQL library not found
解决方法：yum install mysql-devel -y
2）configure: error: Invalid Net-SNMP directory - unable to find net-snmp-config
解决方法：yum install net-snmp-devel -y
另外，编译成功的标志是，结尾出现下面的字样：
***********************************************************
* Now run 'make install' *
* *
* Thank you for using Zabbix! *
* *
*********************************************************** 最后，使用make install进行安装：
make && make install 三、安装MySQL数据库
以下操作在MySQL server（zabbix-db.contoso.com）上进行：
1、安装MySQL 5.6.16
yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-develncurses-devel
mkdir -p /opt/tools
cd /opt/tools/
wget wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz
tar -zxf mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.16
cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
> -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
> -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock \
> -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
> -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
> -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
make && make install 2、初始化MySQL数据库
# 创建用户并授权
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
# 运行初始化脚本进行初始化
# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql
# 数据库配置和启动脚本修改
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak #如果不把/etc/my.cnf改名，后面启动编译安装的MySQL会出错
# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 3、启动MySQL服务
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS!
# ps -ef|grep mysql
root 16925 10 05:24 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/zabbix-db.contoso.com.pid
mysql 17033169254 05:24 pts/0 00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/zabbix-db.contoso.com.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/zabbix-db.contoso.com.pid
root 17064 10500 05:25 pts/0 00:00:00 grep mysql
# netstat -lnt|grep 3306
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN
# lsof -i :3306
COMMAND PIDUSER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld17033 mysql 10uIPv660027 0t0TCP *:mysql (LISTEN) 4、添加MySQL路径到环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile 5、向MySQL数据库中导入zabbix数据
1）设置MySQL中的root用户密码
mysqladmin -u root password "123456"#给mysql中的root用户设置密码 2）将zabbix安装文件中的mysql数据拷贝到MySQL server（zabbix-db.contoso.com）中
注：该步骤要在zabbix.contoso.com上完成
# cd /opt/tools/zabbix-2.4.8/database/mysql/
# ll
total 2988
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000972946 Apr 20 05:57 data.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 1978341 Apr 20 05:51 images.sql
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000104816 Apr 20 05:57 schema.sql
# scp data.sql images.sql schema.sql root@192.168.49.133:/tmp/
The authenticity of host '192.168.49.133 (192.168.49.133)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is f9:ce:14:5d:cd:bb:3c:b4:0d:0b:fc:21:3a:92:43:6b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.49.133' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.49.133's password:
data.sql 100%950KB 950.1KB/s 00:00
images.sql 100% 1932KB 1.9MB/s 00:00
schema.sql 100%102KB 102.4KB/s 00:00 3）将zabbix相关的数据导入到MySQL数据库中
# mysql -uroot -p123456
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.16 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> create database zabbix;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use zabbix;
Database changed
mysql> source /tmp/schema.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.48 sec)
...
mysql> source /tmp/images.sql;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
...
mysql> source /tmp/data.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
...
mysql> show tables;
+-----------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+-----------------------+
| acknowledges |
| actions |
| alerts |
| application_template|
| applications |
| auditlog |
| auditlog_details |
| autoreg_host |
| conditions |
| config |
| dbversion |
| dchecks |
| dhosts |
| drules |
| dservices |
| escalations |
| events |
| expressions |
| functions |
| globalmacro |
| globalvars |
| graph_discovery |
| graph_theme |
| graphs |
| graphs_items |
| group_discovery |
| group_prototype |
| groups |
| history |
| history_log |
| history_str |
| history_text |
| history_uint |
| host_discovery |
| host_inventory |
| hostmacro |
| hosts |
| hosts_groups |
| hosts_templates |
| housekeeper |
| httpstep |
| httpstepitem |
| httptest |
| httptestitem |
| icon_map |
| icon_mapping |
| ids |
| images |
| interface |
| interface_discovery |
| item_condition |
| item_discovery |
| items |
| items_applications |
| maintenances |
| maintenances_groups |
| maintenances_hosts |
| maintenances_windows|
| mappings |
| media |
| media_type |
| opcommand |
| opcommand_grp |
| opcommand_hst |
| opconditions |
| operations |
| opgroup |
| opmessage |
| opmessage_grp |
| opmessage_usr |
| optemplate |
| profiles |
| proxy_autoreg_host |
| proxy_dhistory |
| proxy_history |
| regexps |
| rights |
| screens |
| screens_items |
| scripts |
| service_alarms |
| services |
| services_links |
| services_times |
| sessions |
| slides |
| slideshows |
| sysmap_element_url |
| sysmap_url |
| sysmaps |
| sysmaps_elements |
| sysmaps_link_triggers |
| sysmaps_links |
| timeperiods |
| trends |
| trends_uint |
| trigger_depends |
| trigger_discovery |
| triggers |
| user_history |
| users |
| users_groups |
| usrgrp |
| valuemaps |
+-----------------------+
104 rows in set (0.08 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.49.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbx@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye四、安装php和apache
# yum -y install php php-devel curl curl-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel perl-DBI php-mysql php-mbstring php-gd php-xml php-bcmath httpd 五、配置zabbix server
1、创建zabbix用户
# useradd zabbix
# id zabbix
uid=500(zabbix) gid=500(zabbix) groups=500(zabbix) 2、编辑zabbix server配置文件
# cp /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf.bak
# vi /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
# diff /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf.bak /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
68c68
< # DBHost=localhost
---
> DBHost=192.168.49.133 #修改数据库主机（可以是IP或主机名），前提是数据库和zabbix不在同一台server上
92c92
< # DBUser=
---
> DBUser=zbxuser #修改默认的数据库授权用户
94c94
< DBUser=root
---
> #DBUser=root
102c102
< # DBPassword=
---
> DBPassword=zbx@123456#填写数据库用户的密码
109a110
> DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock#指定mysql的socket文件位置
117c118
< # DBPort=3306
---
> DBPort=3306#修改MySQL端口号 3、拷贝zabbix前端web目录到apache目录
# cp -r /opt/tools/zabbix-2.4.8/frontends/php /var/www/html/
# mv /var/www/html/php /var/www/html/zabbix
# chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/ 4、生成并修改zabbix server启动脚本
#从zabbix安装文件的目录中拷贝脚本到/etc/init.d/下
# cp -r /opt/tools/zabbix-2.4.8/misc/init.d/fedora/core/* /etc/init.d/
#因为脚本中的zabbix根目录是/usr/local，所以需要修改为/usr/local/zabbix
#sed -i 's#BASEDIR=/usr/local#BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix#g' /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
#sed -i 's#BASEDIR=/usr/local#BASEDIR=/usr/local/zabbix#g' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd 5、启动zabbix server并检查状态
# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server start
Starting zabbix_server:
# ps -ef|grep zabbix
zabbix 17274 10 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server
zabbix 17275172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: configuration syncer
zabbix 17276172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: db watchdog
zabbix 17277172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: poller #1
zabbix 17278172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: poller #2
zabbix 17279172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: poller #3
zabbix 17280172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: poller #4
zabbix 17281172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: poller #5
zabbix 17282172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: unreachable poller #1
zabbix 17283172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper #1
zabbix 17284172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper #2
zabbix 17285172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper #3
zabbix 17286172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper #4
zabbix 17287172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper #5
zabbix 17288172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: icmp pinger #1
zabbix 17289172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: alerter
zabbix 17290172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: housekeeper
zabbix 17291172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: timer #1
zabbix 17292172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: http poller #1
zabbix 17293172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: discoverer #1
zabbix 17294172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer #1
zabbix 17295172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer #2
zabbix 17296172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer #3
zabbix 17297172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer #4
zabbix 17298172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: escalator
zabbix 17299172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: proxy poller #1
zabbix 17300172740 07:52 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_server: self-monitoring
root 17302 10690 07:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep zabbix
# netstat -lnt|grep 10051
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
# lsof -i :10051
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
zabbix_se 17274 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17275 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17276 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17277 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17278 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17279 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17280 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17281 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17282 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17283 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17284 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17285 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17286 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17287 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17288 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17289 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17290 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17291 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17292 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17293 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17294 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17295 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17296 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17297 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17298 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17299 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN)
zabbix_se 17300 zabbix 4uIPv433770 0t0TCP *:zabbix-trapper (LISTEN) 6、启动httpd服务
# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for zabbix.contoso.com
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
7、设置开机启动
# zabbix-db上设置开机启动mysql
# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig mysqld on
# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld
mysqld 0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off
#zabbix server上设置开机启动zabbix_server和httpd服务
# chkconfig --add zabbix_server
# chkconfig zabbix_server on
# chkconfig --list|grep zabbix
zabbix_server0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off
# chkconfig httpd on
# chkconfig --list|grep httpd
httpd 0:off1:off2:on3:on4:on5:on6:off 六、在浏览器中进行图形界面配置zabbix
http://s5.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/88/6B/wKiom1f2eFSAT3UvAAFscQzipOs613.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_492182579.jpg
打开浏览器，输入http://zabbix_server_ip/zabbix，如果上面的步骤无误就会出现上面的画面。
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/88/67/wKioL1f2eFuw1n5lAAJDihDUEkM137.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_3673000753.jpg
这里是必要安装条件检查，上面有一些php的参数默认是不正确的，需要进行调整，至于调整的值都有显示。修改的方法如下：
# cp /etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini.bak$(date +%F)
# vi /etc/php.ini
# diff /etc/php.ini.bak2016-10-06 /etc/php.ini
440c440
< max_execution_time = 30
---
> max_execution_time = 300
449c449
< max_input_time = 60
---
> max_input_time = 300
729c729
< post_max_size = 8M
---
> post_max_size = 16M
946a947
> date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai 注意，php.ini修改完成后，上面的错误刷新之后仍然存在，需要重启httpd和zabbix server服务。
# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.... SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
#
# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
Stopping httpd:
Starting httpd: httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for zabbix.contoso.com
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0. for ServerName
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/88/6B/wKiom1f2eGDDE9JpAAId1WSk6js954.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2142488816.jpg
再次进行必要条件检查，可以看到目前所有的条件都已经满足，全部都是OK就可以进行下一步了。
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/88/67/wKioL1f2eGvS8ORaAAH7hNNb6YY816.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2953875071.jpg
配置数据库连接，根据需要输入数据库的相关信息，然后点击下面的按钮进行连接测试，如果测试通过，再进行下一步。
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/88/6B/wKiom1f2eG7DZV5vAAGP3I3ZXL8539.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2654279324.jpg
这一步是zabbix server的详细信息，可以根据实际情况进行修改，但是注意端口一定要正确。
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/88/67/wKioL1f2eH7T4nZsAAHlchmkTmU237.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2710513946.jpg
配置结束，给出安装前的配置总结，确认就开始安装了。
http://s5.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/88/6B/wKiom1f2eIPSZKoaAAFuM48Y0M8259.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_2763553452.jpg
安装的过程会比较快，这是安装完成的画面。
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/88/67/wKioL1f2eIaxrHXwAAEbpLH4ljE480.jpg-wh_500x0-wm_3-wmp_4-s_3392308859.jpg
好的，成功出现登录界面，默认的登录账号为admin，密码zabbix。
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