19.1 Linux监控平台介绍 19.2 zabbix监控介绍 19.3/19.4/19.6 安装zabbix 19.5 忘记Admin密码如何做
[*] 19.1 Linux监控平台介绍
[*] 19.2 zabbix监控介绍
[*] 19.3/19.4/19.6 安装zabbix
[*] 19.5 忘记Admin密码如何做
19.1 Linux监控平台介绍
[*] 监控存在的原因
[*]站点出了问题，没有人知道，等用户发现了，才提醒供应商；对公司影响很大
[*]常见开源监控软件
[*]cacti、nagios、zabbix、smokeping、open-falcon等等 //主流 nagios、zabbix
[*]cacti、smokeping偏向于基础监控，成图非常漂亮 //比较适合监控网络设备
[*]cacti、nagios、zabbix服务端监控中心，需要php环境支持，其中zabbix和cacti都需要mysql作为数据存储，nagios不用存储历史数据，注重服务或者监控项的状态，zabbix会获取服务或者监控项目的数据，会把数据记录到数据库里，从而可以成图；
[*]因为zabbix配置简单，优势明显，早起使用nagios的企业，慢慢的转向使用zabbix
[*]nagios，需要更改配置文件，并不支持web界面一键执行，nagios和zabbix相比，nagios 更注重的是某一个监控的状态，不关注历史；zabbix，则是把每一次监控的数值反馈出来，方便后期数据图去分析监控整个状态；nagios不支持mysql，需要安装插件以后才支持web界面；zabbix 支持mysql，可以成图，可以记录历史数据
[*]zabbix 在web界面下管理得非常彻底，可以增加监控节点，报警预知等等
[*]open-falcon为小米公司开发，开源后受到诸多大公司和运维工程师的追捧，适合大企业，滴滴、360、新浪微博、京东等大公司在使用这款监控软件，监控的思想和结构值得研究
[*]后续以介绍zabbix为主
19.2 zabbix监控介绍
[*]C/S架构，基于C++开发，监控中心支持web界面配置和管理
[*]单server节点可以支持上万台客户端
[*]最新版本3.4，官方文档https://www.zabbix.com/manuals
[*]5个组件
[*]zabbix-server 监控中心，接收客户端上报信息，负责配置、统计、操作数据
[*]数据存储 存放数据，比如mysql
[*]web界面 也叫web UI，在web界面下操作配置是zabbix简单易用的主要原因
[*]zabbix-proxy 可选组件，它可以代替zabbix-server的功能，减轻server的压力
[*]zabbix-agent 客户端软件，负责采集各个监控服务或项目的数据，并上报
[*]最新版本3.4，官方文档https://www.zabbix.com/manuals5个组件 zabbix-server 监控中心，接收客户端上报信息，负责配置、统计、操作数据 数据存储 存放数据，比如mysql
web界面 也叫web UI，在web界面下操作配置是zabbix简单易用的主要原因 zabbix-proxy 可选组件，它可以代替zabbix-server的功能，减轻server的压力 zabbix-agent 客户端软件（每一台客户端都需要安装），负责采集各个监控服务或项目的数据，并上报
监控流程图：
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171115/204946019.png?imageslim
19.3 安装zabbix（上）
[*] 安装之前要准备俩台机器，一台服务端，一台客户端，这里我们用aming-01 服务端，aming-02 客户端
[*] 默认yum安装的zabbix版本是2.2的太旧，所以选择安装官方提供的repo源
[*] wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[*] 俩台机器都安装一下
[*] 安装一下源 rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
# wget repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
--2017-11-15 22:25:32--
正在解析主机 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)... 162.243.159.138
正在连接 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)|162.243.159.138|:80... 已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求，
正在等待回应... 200 OK长度：13392 (13K)
正在保存至: “zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm”100%[==================================================>] 13,392 --.-K/s 用时 0s
2017-11-15 22:25:34 (100 MB/s) -
已保存 “zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm” )
#
# rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.
rpm警告：zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.
rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID a14fe591: NOKEY准备中... #################################
正在升级/安装... 1:zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7 #################################
#
[*] 客户端
# wget repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
--2017-11-15 22:25:38--
正在解析主机 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)... 162.243.159.138
正在连接 repo.zabbix.com (repo.zabbix.com)|162.243.159.138|:80...
已连接。已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK长度：13392 (13K)
正在保存至: “zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm”100%[=============================================================>] 13,392
4.18KB/s 用时 3.1s
2017-11-15 22:25:46 (4.18 KB/s) -
已保存 “zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm” )
#
# rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.
rpm警告：zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.
rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID a14fe591: NOKEY准备中... #################################
正在升级/安装... 1:zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7 #################################
#
[*] 然后可以看到/etc/yum.repos.d 目录下多了一个 zabbix.repo,这个其实就是刚刚我们安装的rpm包所安装的一个文件，有了这个源之后，就可以直接yum 安装zabbix了。
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Media.repo epel-testing.repo
CentOS-CR.repo CentOS-Sources.repo zabbix.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repoCentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-fasttrack.repoepel.repo.1
# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo
name=Zabbix Official Repository - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591
name=Zabbix Official Repository non-supported - $basearch
baseurl=http://repo.zabbix.com/non-supported/rhel/7/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX
gpgcheck=1
#
[*] yum安装zabbix 的包，都有哪些包呢
[*] yum install -y zabbix-agent zabbix-get zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql
[*] zabbix-agent这个是客户端软件，zabbix-get是服务端用的一个工具，这个工具可以用命令行的形式获得客户端的某些监控项目的数据，zabbix-server-mysql 需要安装一些和mysql 相关的文件，zabbix-web，这个是web界面，zabbix-server-mysql ，web和mysql打交道，安装一些web和mysql打交道的一些东西
# yum install -y zabbix-agent zabbix-get zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web zabbix-web-mysql
已安装:zabbix-agent.x86_64 0:3.2.10-2.el7 zabbix-get.x86_64 0:3.2.10-2.el7
zabbix-server-mysql.x86_64 0:3.2.10-2.el7 zabbix-web.noarch 0:3.2.10-2.el7
zabbix-web-mysql.noarch 0:3.2.10-2.el7 作为依赖被安装:OpenIPMI-libs.x86_64 0:2.0.19-15.el7 OpenIPMI-modalias.x86_64 0:2.0.19-15.el7
apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7
dejavu-fonts-common.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7 dejavu-sans-fonts.noarch 0:2.33-6.el7
fping.x86_64 0:3.10-4.el7 httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6
httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 iksemel.x86_64 0:1.4-6.el7
libXpm.x86_64 0:3.5.12-1.el7 libtool-ltdl.x86_64 0:2.4.2-22.el7_3
libxslt.x86_64 0:1.1.28-5.el7 libzip.x86_64 0:0.10.1-8.el7
mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 php.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-bcmath.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-cli.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-common.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-gd.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-ldap.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-mbstring.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-mysql.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 php-pdo.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7
php-xml.x86_64 0:5.4.16-42.el7 t1lib.x86_64 0:5.1.2-14.el7
unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.3.1-11.el7 完毕！#
[*] 如果mysql之前没有安装的话，需要根据lamp那一章的mysql安装方法安装mysql，也可以直接yum安装mysql
[*] 因为我们之前已经安装过mysql，这里就省略了
[*] 先看下mysql有没有启动起来，没有就要启动
# ps aux |grep mysql
root 11810.00.1 1153921684 ? S 21:49 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/aming-01.pid
mysql 17000.1 45.5 1300844 455476 ? Sl 21:50 0:05 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqd --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/aming-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/aming-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 29220.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:20 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
#
[*] 接下来还需要编辑下mysql的配置文件，设定一个默认的字符集
[*] vim /etc/my.cnf //需要增加配置 character_set_server = utf8
[*] 如果不设置中文的话，到时候web界面中文显示就会有问题
# vi /etc/my.cnf
character_set_server = utf8
datadir=/data/mysqlsocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server-id=131log_bin=aminglinux1
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
## include all files from the config directory
##!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d:wq
# vi /etc/my.cnf
#
[*] 然后重启下mysql
# systemctl restart mysql
#
[*] 然后进入mysql命令行，创建zabbix库 create database zabbix character set utf8;
[*] 再创建用户 grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'aming-zabbix';
# mysql -uroot -paminglinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'aming-zabbix';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
#
[*] 导入数据
[*] cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.2.7
[*] 给他解压一下 gzip -d create.sql.gz
[*] 导入文件mysql -uroot -pxxx zabbix < create.sql
# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.2.10/
#
# lsAUTHORSChangeLogCOPYINGcreate.sql.gzNEWSREADME
# gzip -d create.sql.gz
# lsAUTHORSChangeLogCOPYINGcreate.sqlNEWSREADME
# mysql -uroot -paminglinux zabbix < create.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
#
[*] 启动zabbix 服务
# systemctl start zabbix-server#
[*] 还要启动httpd服务，但是在启动之前要检查下，系统里面有没有启动nginx服务，如果启动了nginx说明监听80端口 ，如果nginx服务启动了就要把它给关闭
# ps aux |grep nginx
root 10950.00.1459921180 ? Ss 21:49 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 10970.00.3484803796 ? S 21:49 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 10980.00.3484803808 ? S 21:49 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 32000.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:34 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
#
# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
Stopping nginx (via systemctl): [确定]
#
# !psps aux |grep nginx
root 32220.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:35 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
# netstat -lntpActive Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
#
[*] 看下有没有监听80端口，没有监听80端口就可以顺利的把httpd 服务启动起来，再来看有没有监听80端口
# systemctl start httpd
# !netnetstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3230/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
#
[*] 那么如果以后想要httpd开机启动，还有zabbix-server 还需要把它加入到服务的启动列表里面去
# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.
target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
# systemctl enable zabbix-server
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.
target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
#
[*] 还不要忘记把nginx给它停掉
# systemctl disable nginx
nginx.service is not a native service, redirecting to /sbin/chkconfig.
Executing /sbin/chkconfig nginx off
#
# chkconfig nginx off
#
[*] 那服务端，咱们启动了起来了 看一看进程
# ps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 31970.00.3 2560763448 ? S 23:33 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
root 33650.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:40 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
#
[*] 还要看看zabbix有没有监听端口
# !netnetstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3230/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
#
[*] 进程还在，但是没有看到zabbix的监听的端口，说明有问题，下节来看下问题出在哪里
# !psps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 31970.00.3 2560763448 ? S 23:33 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
root 33690.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:42 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
#19.4 安装zabbix（中）
[*] 接着上面的问题，没有查到zabbix 监听的端口，可以查看下它的日志，
# less /var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)econnecting in 10 seconds
to database 'zabbix' failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)~
~
~
~
(END)
[*] 说明不能连接mysql ，所以还需要去改下配置文件
[*] vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf //修改或增加
[*] DBHost=127.0.0.1 //在DBName=zabbix上面增加 ,搜索DBHost
[*] DBPassword=aming-zabbix //在DBuser下面增加
### Option: DBHost
# Database host name.
If set to localhost, socket is used for MySQL.
# If set to empty string, socket is used for PostgreSQL.
## Mandatory: no# Default:
# DBHost=localhostDBHost=127.0.0.1
### Option: DBName-- 插入 --
[*] 这里的ip写多少127.0.0.1 ，也可以写localhost
[*] 因为mysql和zabbix装在同一台机器上，这里可以写localhost或者127.0.0.1；如果是在生产环境上，有时候为了提升zabbix的性能，可能会把MySQL装在其他机器上，这是的DBHost，就需要写上mysql的ip
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=aming-zabbix
### Option: DBPassword
# Database password. Ignored for SQLite.
# Comment this line if no password is used.-- 插入 --
# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
root@aming-01 ~]#
[*] 这个地方的DBPassword=aming-zabbix 是指的咱们授权的时候用的密码
[*] 更改完这几项就可以启动服务了，之前启动过，这里重启一下就ok
# systemctl restart zabbix-server
# !psps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 34073.10.4 2562564136 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
zabbix 34100.00.2 2562562468 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: configuration syncer
zabbix 34110.00.2 2562562680 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: db watchdog
zabbix 34120.50.5 3632045200 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#1 zabbix 34130.40.5 3632045200 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#2 zabbix 34140.50.5 3632045200 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#3 zabbix 34150.50.5 3632045200 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#4 zabbix 34160.50.5 3632045200 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: poller
#5 zabbix 34170.40.5 3632045200 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: unreachable poller
#1 zabbix 34180.00.3 2562563584 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#1 zabbix 34190.00.3 2562563584 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#2 zabbix 34200.00.3 2562563584 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#3 zabbix 34220.00.3 2562563584 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#4 zabbix 34240.00.3 2562563584 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: trapper
#5 zabbix 34260.00.2 2588322620 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: icmp pinger
#1 zabbix 34270.00.2 2562562688 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: alerter
zabbix 34280.00.2 2562562468 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: housekeeper
zabbix 34290.00.2 2562562688 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: timer
#1 zabbix 34300.00.2 2562562840 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: http poller
#1 zabbix 34310.20.5 3606205040 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: discoverer
#1 zabbix 34320.00.2 2562562828 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#1 zabbix 34330.00.2 2562562828 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#2 zabbix 34340.00.2 2562562828 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#3 zabbix 34410.00.2 2562562828 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: history syncer
#4 zabbix 34420.00.3 2562563764 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: escalator
#1 zabbix 34430.00.3 2562563760 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: proxy poller
#1 zabbix 34440.00.2 2562562588 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: self-monitoring
zabbix 34450.00.2 2562562812 ? S 23:54 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_server: task manager
root 34580.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 23:54 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
#
[*] 再来看下监听的端口，zabbix 应该监听10051端口
# !netnetstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20048 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:50995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:46261 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2049 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3407/zabbix_server
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 3132/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::40463 :::* LISTEN 991/rpc.statd
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3230/httpd
tcp6 0 0 :::20048 :::* LISTEN 1136/rpc.mountd
tcp6 0 0 :::39446 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1065/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1792/master
tcp6 0 0 :::2049 :::* LISTEN -
tcp6 0 0 :::10051 :::* LISTEN 3407/zabbix_server
#
[*] 接下来需要配置web界面了，打开浏览器
[*] 输入你的ip地址也就是你的监控中心的ip地址 192.168.202.130/zabbix
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171115/235747236.png?imageslim
[*] 进入到这个安装界面点next step 就可以了
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171115/235844647.png?imageslim
[*] 这里会出现一个提示，ok的就不用管，fail的，显然需要你设置它的时区，date.timezone
[*] date.timezone写 亚洲上海，或者亚洲北京、重庆 date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
# vi /etc/php.ini
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Module Settings ;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
; Whether the CLI web server uses ANSI color coding in its terminal output.
cli_server.color = On
; Defines the default timezone used by the date functions
; http://php.net/date.timezonedate.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
; http://php.net/date.default-latitude
;date.default_latitude = 31.7667; http://php.net/date.default-longitude
;date.default_longitude = 35.2333; http://php.net/date.sunrise-zenith
-- INSERT --
# vi /etc/php.ini
#
[*] 定义完之后，重新httpd服务，然后再去浏览器刷新
# systemctl restart httpd
#
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001401877.png?imageslim
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001549100.png?imageslim
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001629248.png?imageslim
[*] 最终让你看看你填的信息
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001640899.png?imageslim
[*] 恭喜你已经成功安装了zabbix前端
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001705729.png?imageslim
[*] 然后点几finish 登录
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001735207.png?imageslim
[*] 默认的用户名 admin 密码 zabbix
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001823717.png?imageslim
[*] 登录进去之后首先要去更改密码，因为这个密码大家都知道，是默认的密码，如果以后线上的密码不更改，那就很危险，很有可能被别人那道权限，
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/001858826.png?imageslim
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/002021929.png?imageslim
[*] 进去点change password
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/002250959.png?imageslim
[*] 这时候密码改了，还没有变成中文，需要刷新下
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/002314890.png?imageslim
[*] 我们退出来重进下
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/002314890.png?imageslim
[*] 这个就是咱么的zabbix web界面了，这个时候因为你还么有加入任何的监控主机，所以也没有什么数据。
19.5 忘记Admin密码如何做
[*] 进入mysql的
[*] mysql -uroot -paminglinux;
[*] 进入zabbix库
[*] use zabbix;
[*] 查看所有表
[*] show tables
# mysql -uroot -paminglinux
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 36
Server version: 5.6.36-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges |
| actions |
| alerts |
| application_discovery |
| application_prototype |
| application_template |
| applications |
| auditlog |
| auditlog_details |
| autoreg_host |
| conditions |
| config |
| corr_condition |
| corr_condition_group |
| corr_condition_tag |
| corr_condition_tagpair |
| corr_condition_tagvalue |
| corr_operation |
| correlation |
| dbversion |
| dchecks |
| dhosts |
| drules |
| dservices |
| escalations |
| event_recovery |
| event_tag |
| events |
| expressions |
| functions |
| globalmacro |
| globalvars |
| graph_discovery |
| graph_theme |
| graphs |
| graphs_items |
| group_discovery |
| group_prototype |
| groups |
| history |
| history_log |
| history_str |
| history_text |
| history_uint |
| host_discovery |
| host_inventory |
| hostmacro |
| hosts |
| hosts_groups |
| hosts_templates |
| housekeeper |
| httpstep |
| httpstepitem |
| httptest |
| httptestitem |
| icon_map |
| icon_mapping |
| ids |
| images |
| interface |
| interface_discovery |
| item_application_prototype |
| item_condition |
| item_discovery |
| items |
| items_applications |
| maintenances |
| maintenances_groups |
| maintenances_hosts |
| maintenances_windows |
| mappings |
| media |
| media_type |
| opcommand |
| opcommand_grp |
| opcommand_hst |
| opconditions |
| operations |
| opgroup |
| opinventory |
| opmessage |
| opmessage_grp |
| opmessage_usr |
| optemplate |
| problem |
| problem_tag |
| profiles |
| proxy_autoreg_host |
| proxy_dhistory |
| proxy_history |
| regexps |
| rights |
| screen_user |
| screen_usrgrp |
| screens |
| screens_items |
| scripts |
| service_alarms |
| services |
| services_links |
| services_times |
| sessions |
| slides |
| slideshow_user |
| slideshow_usrgrp |
| slideshows |
| sysmap_element_url |
| sysmap_url |
| sysmap_user |
| sysmap_usrgrp |
| sysmaps |
| sysmaps_elements |
| sysmaps_link_triggers |
| sysmaps_links |
| task |
| task_close_problem |
| timeperiods |
| trends |
| trends_uint |
| trigger_depends |
| trigger_discovery |
| trigger_tag |
| triggers |
| users |
| users_groups |
| usrgrp |
| valuemaps |
+----------------------------+
127 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
[*] 以后监控的服务器，监控的主机很多的话，这些表会越来越大，所有需要指定合适的监控规则、策略，比如数据量需要保留多长时间，那么在定义这个监控项目的时候就该想到，比如要保留1个月、还是1年，还是其他时间；可能，监控的站点服务量很大的话，一天就要涨好几个G，那么你的服务器磁盘能支持保存多长时间；
[*] 密码默认存放的表是users里面
[*] 查看表 desc users;
mysql> desc users;
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| userid | bigint(20) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| alias | varchar(100) | NO | UNI | | |
| name | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| surname | varchar(100) | NO | | | |
| passwd | char(32) | NO | | | |
| url | varchar(255) | NO | | | |
| autologin | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| autologout | int(11) | NO | | 900 | |
| lang | varchar(5) | NO | | en_GB | |
| refresh | int(11) | NO | | 30 | |
| type | int(11) | NO | | 1 | |
| theme | varchar(128) | NO | | default | |
| attempt_failed | int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| attempt_ip | varchar(39) | NO | | | |
| attempt_clock| int(11) | NO | | 0 | |
| rows_per_page| int(11) | NO | | 50 | |
+----------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
[*] 我们需要修改的就是passwd的表
[*] 修改密码 update users set passwd=md5('aminglinux') where alias='Admin';
mysql> update users set passwd=md5('lishiming1') where alias='Admin';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1Changed: 1Warnings: 0
mysql>
[*] 查看表的情况
mysql> select * from users;
+--------+-------+--------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+------------+---------------+---------------+
| userid | alias | name | surname | passwd | url | autologin | autologout | lang| refresh | type | theme | attempt_failed | attempt_ip | attempt_clock | rows_per_page |
+--------+-------+--------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+------------+---------------+---------------+
| 1 | Admin | Zabbix | Administrator | 148308853a00bdc6ed461689d4c72649 | | 1 | 0 | zh_CN | 30 | 3 | default | 0 | | 0 | 50 |
| 2 | guest | | | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e | | 0 | 900 | en_GB | 30 | 1 | default | 0 | | 0 | 50 |
+--------+-------+--------+---------------+----------------------------------+-----+-----------+------------+-------+---------+------+---------+----------------+------------+---------------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
[*] 这个时候就可以去使用新的密码（lishiming1）浏览器登录zabbix
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/200434433.png?imageslim
[*]http://oqxf7c508.bkt.clouddn.com/blog/20171116/200518398.png?imageslim
[*] 这就是怎么样去重置你的zabbix管理员密码
19.6 安装zabbix（下）
[*] Zabbix客户端安装
[*] 在客户端上也需要下载zabbix的yum源
[*] wget repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[*] rpm -ivh zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch.rpm
[*] yum install -y zabbix-agent
[*] vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf //修改如下配置
[*] Server=127.0.0.1修改为Server=192.168.133.130 //定义服务端的ip（被动模式）
[*] ServerActive=127.0.0.1修改为ServerActive=192.168.133.130 //定义服务端的ip（主动模式）
[*] Hostname=Zabbix server修改为Hostname=aming-123 //这是自定义的主机名，一会还需要在web界面下设置同样的主机名
[*] systemctl start zabbix-agent
[*] systemctl enable zabbix-agent
[*] 由于我们之前已经下载 、安装了zabbix yum源
[*] 接下来直接yum 安装 zabbix-agent 组件
# yum install -y zabbix-agent
已加载插件：fastestmirror
base | 3.6 kB00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB00:00:00
zabbix | 2.9 kB00:00:00
zabbix-non-supported |951 B00:00:00
(1/3): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 130 kB00:00:00
(2/3): zabbix/x86_64/primary_db |82 kB00:00:02
(3/3): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.6 MB00:00:08
zabbix-non-supported/x86_64/primary | 1.6 kB00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.163.com
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
zabbix-non-supported
4/4正在解决依赖关系--> 正在检查事务---> 软件包
zabbix-agent.x86_64.0.3.2.10-2.el7 将被 安装-->
解决依赖关系完成依赖关系解决=======================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
=======================================================================================================
正在安装: zabbix-agent x86_64 3.2.10-2.el7 zabbix 347 k
事务概要=======================================================================================================安装1
软件包总下载量：347 k安装大小：1.3 M
Downloading packages:警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/zabbix/packages/zabbix-agent-3.2.10-2.el7.x86_64.
rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID a14fe591: NOKEY
zabbix-agent-3.2.10-2.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装zabbix-agent-3.2.10-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
| 347 kB00:00:13
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591 检索密钥导入 GPG key 0xA14FE591:
用户ID : "Zabbix LLC "
指纹 : a184 8f53 52d0 22b9 471d 83d0 082a b56b a14f e591
软件包 : zabbix-release-3.2-1.el7.noarch (installed)
来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-ZABBIX-A14FE591Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
警告：RPM 数据库已被非 yum 程序修改。
正在安装 : zabbix-agent-3.2.10-2.el7.x86_64
1/1 验证中 : zabbix-agent-3.2.10-2.el7.x86_64
1/1 已安装:zabbix-agent.x86_64 0:3.2.10-2.el7
完毕！
#
[*]安装好后，修改配置文件vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
[*]修改三个地方
[*]1.在客户端指定一个白名单 Hostname=aming-02 //方便服务中心识别客户端机器
[*]
[*] Server=192.168.202.130 //ip为监控中心的IP
[*] ServerActive=192.168.202.130//这个涉及到一个主动和被动模式；如果这里不填写服务中心的IP，那么就只能使用被动模式；这个IP是主动模式时候用的
# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
# Mandatory: no# Default:
# Hostname=Hostname=aming-0
2### Option: HostnameItem
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# Server=Server=192.168.202.130
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# ServerActive=ServerActive=192.168.202.130:wq
# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
#
[*] 配置完成,启动服务，查看进程
# systemctl start zabbix-agent
# ps aux |grep zabbix
zabbix 23770.00.1806081256 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd -c /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
zabbix 23780.00.1806081288 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: collector
zabbix 23790.00.1806081836 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #1
zabbix
23800.00.1806081836 ?
S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener
2 zabbix 23810.00.1806081836 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: listener #3
zabbix
23820.00.2806082180 ? S 20:27 0:00 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd: active checks #1 root
23840.00.0 112680 980 pts/0 R+ 20:28 0:00 grep --color=auto zabbix
#
[*] 查看下监听的端口,这个端口是10050，客户端， 服务端端口是10051
# netstat -lntp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1742/sshd
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2065/master
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2377/zabbix_agentd
tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2002/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1742/sshd
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2065/master
tcp6 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN 2377/zabbix_agentd
#
[*] 到这里zabbix 客户端就安装结束了
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