47 监控系统基础及zabbix介绍、zabbix工作原理及安装配置、zabbix on CentOS7、zabbix配置
02 zabbix工作原理及安装配置配置环境
node1192.168.1.120CentOS6.7
node2192.168.1.121CentOS6.7
1、安装配置zabbix
#安装前准备
#yum -y install mysql-server mysq
# mysql
mysql> CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8;
mysql> GRANT ALL on zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';
mysql>GRANT ALL on zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'node1' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> \q
#安装zabbix
# cd zabbix-2.4/
# ls
zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-get-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-java-gateway-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-proxy-sqlite3-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-web-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-web-japanese-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-web-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
zabbix-web-pgsql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
# yum -y install zabbix-release-2.4-1.el6.noarch.rpm
# yum install zabbix-server-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-get-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-web-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm \
zabbix-web-mysql-2.4.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm \
zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -y
#配置zabbix服务端
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# ls
webzabbix_agentd.confzabbix_agentd.dzabbix_server.conf
# service httpd start
# ls /etc/httpd/conf.d/
php.confREADMEwelcome.confzabbix.conf
# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.0/
# ls
createupgrades
# cd create/
# ls
data.sqlimages.sqlschema.sql
# mysql zabbix < schema.sql
# mysql zabbix < images.sql
# mysql zabbix < data.sql
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# vim zabbix_server.conf
修改
# DBHost=localhost
为
DBHost=192.168.1.120
修改
DBUser=zabbix
为
DBUser=zbxuser
修改
# DBPassword=
为
DBPassword=zbxpass
修改
DBSocket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
为
DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# service zabbix-server start
配置zabbix web
# cd
# vim /etc/php.ini
修改
;date.timezone =
为
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
# service httpd restart
登录
http://192.168.1.120/zabbix/setup.php
配置Configure DB connection
Database type:MySQL
Database host:192.168.1.120
Database name:zabbix
User:zbxuser
Password:zbxpass
Zabbix server details
Host:192.168.1.120
Name:node1
默认登录用户名密码：admin/zabbix
2、监控主机
配置监控主机监控自己
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
修改
Server=127.0.0.1
为
Server=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.120
修改
ServerActive=127.0.0.1
为
ServerActive=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.120
修改
Hostname=Zabbix server
为
Hostname=node1#主机名要使用DNS解析的域名，最好局域网中唯一
# service zabbix-agent start
添加监控主机
1、Agentd端配置
# scp -r zabbix-2.4/ node2:/root
# yum -y install zabbix-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-agent-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm zabbix-sender-2.4.0-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
修改
Server=127.0.0.1
为
Server=192.168.1.120
修改
ServerActive=127.0.0.1
为
ServerActive=192.168.1.120
修改
Hostname=Zabbix server
为
Hostname=node2
# service zabbix-agent start
2、登录zaggix-agent配置
网址：http://192.168.1.131/zabbix/
2.1、Create host
Configuration->Hosts=>Create host
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU58bixK-sAAGs8IHhk-Q458.jpg
2.2、配置Hosts
2.2.1、Hosts=>Host
http://s5.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU6DTiEK6GAAGalzVsCS4928.jpg
点击“Add”，完成添加主机！
03 zabbix on CentOS 7
1、安装zabbix
# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
# yum -y install mariadb-server
# vim /etc/my.cnf
添加
innodb_file_per_table = 1
skip_name_resolve = 1
# systemctl start mariadb.service
# ls *rpm
epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
zabbix-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-get-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-java-gateway-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-sender-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-web-2.4.6-1.el7.noarch.rpm
# yum install *rpm -y
2、配置zabbix
# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE zabbix CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON zabbix.* TO 'zbxuser'@'192.168.1.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'zbxpass';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> \q
# cd /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-2.4.6/create/
# ls
data.sqlimages.sqlschema.sql
# mysql zabbix < schema.sql
# mysql zabbix < images.sql
# mysql zabbix < data.sql
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# ls
web zabbix_agentd.d zabbix_server.conf
zabbix_agentd.confzabbix_java_gateway.conf
# vim zabbix_server.conf
修改
# DBHost=localhost
为
DBHost=192.168.1.131
修改
DBUser=zabbix
为
DBUser=zbxuser
修改
# DBPassword=
为
DBPassword=zbxpass
# systemctl start zabbix-server.service
3、配置zabbix-web
# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
# vim zabbix.conf
修改
# php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga
为
php_value date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
# systemctl start httpd.service
访问
http://192.168.1.131/zabbix/setup.php
Configure DB connection
Database type MySQL
Database host 192.168.1.131
Database namezabbix
userzbxuser
passwordzbxpass
默认登录用户名密码：Admin/zabbix
4、监控服务器本机启用监控
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
# systemctl start zabbix-agent.service
04 zabbix配置入门
1、添加监控主机
# ls *rpm
zabbix-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm zabbix-sender-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
zabbix-agent-2.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
# yum -y install *rpm
# cd /etc/zabbix/
# vim zabbix_agentd.conf
修改
Server=127.0.0.1
为
Server=192.168.1.120
修改
ServerActive=127.0.0.1
为
ServerActive=192.168.1.120
修改
Hostname=Zabbix server
为
Hostname=node2
# service zabbix-agent start
#添加SNMP监控
# yum -y install net-snmp
# service snmpd start
2、监控项
#查找所有可用的Key
MariaDB > use zabbix;
MariaDB > SELECT key_,type FROM items;
注：type值为0的为zabbix_agent提供的
#获取指定主机的system.uname
# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "system.uname"
Linux node2 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64
#获取指定主机的网卡流出流量
# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "net.if.out"
1375696
#获取指定主机的网卡流入流量
# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "net.if.in"
36396519
#获取指定主机的CPU中断次数
# zabbix_get -s 192.168.1.132 -k "system.cpu.intr"
7804460
1、添加items
1.1、Configuration=>Hosts，在主机中点击“items”=>"Create item"，录入相关属性，“Add”
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8B/AF/wKiom1hU6PuRNoZ8AAGsUpol8pw480.jpg1.2、Create Item
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8B/AB/wKioL1hU6VGTS5-8AAFod6gTNqQ572.jpg
1.3、添加items属性
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU6aHwqwBRAAHUkfa0KLc836.jpg
单击“Add”
2、添加Graphs
2.1、 Configuration=>Hosts
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AF/wKiom1hU6gPQbb-eAAGoRHKtxWg033.jpg
2.2、Create graph
http://s1.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8B/AB/wKioL1hU6kvC4B1tAAFVadZCy9I743.jpg
2.3、填写Graphs的各属性
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8B/AB/wKioL1hU6tOR7LpUAAHm0difiHo373.jpg
3、创建Triggers
3.1、Configuration=>Hosts=>Triggers
http://s5.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8B/AF/wKiom1hU60TShpXOAAFq8jv4GdM106.jpg
3.2、Create Trigger
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU64GhUP8DAAFRKi8Qsbs788.jpg
3.3、填写Triggers属性
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8B/AF/wKiom1hU7F6DfLyrAADb2UzUjFU273.jpg
4、配置通知方式
4.1、Administration=>Media types=>Createmedia type
http://s5.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8B/AB/wKioL1hU7JWSo2dkAAGLpHWg77A154.jpg
4.2、配置通知属性
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AF/wKiom1hU7MfTVTHuAAErD2O7db8526.jpg
5、创建接收邮件用户
5.1、Administration=>Users=>users
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8B/AB/wKioL1hU7auSVme2AAG8nuTn1zI838.jpg
5.2、Administration=>Users=>user
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8B/AF/wKiom1hU7faAKZnpAAFaYwyI748371.jpg
5.3、Administration=>Users=>Media
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU7nmhnoiYAAFQ5lFMmwI355.jpg
6、配置报警功能
6.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Creat eaction
http://s3.运维网.com/wyfs02/M02/8B/AF/wKiom1hU7rHACsr4AAE3FyljtR0176.jpg
6.2.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Action
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8B/AF/wKiom1hU7xihA0UcAAHqnO_EHfU100.jpg
Name: interrupts problem
Default message:
Trigger: {TRIGGER.NAME}
Trigger status: {TRIGGER.STATUS}
Trigger severity: {TRIGGER.SEVERITY}
Trigger URL: {TRIGGER.URL}
Item values:
1. {ITEM.NAME1} ({HOST.NAME1}:{ITEM.KEY1}):{ITEM.VALUE1}
2. {ITEM.NAME2} ({HOST.NAME2}:{ITEM.KEY2}):{ITEM.VALUE2}
3. {ITEM.NAME3} ({HOST.NAME3}:{ITEM.KEY3}):{ITEM.VALUE3}
Original event ID: {EVENT.ID}
FROM: mail.magedu.com
6.2.2、Configuration=>Actions=>Conditions
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AF/wKiom1hU787jiI7QAAGmsqPQNIE664.jpg
6.3.1、Configuration=>Actions=>Operations=New
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AF/wKiom1hU8C2wa9NTAAFj_1-DWeg778.jpg
6.3.2、配置New属性
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU8GKBII9bAAGz-vtuUUc653.jpg
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M00/8B/AF/wKiom1hU8NSDuYQpAAEi1RdlZZQ915.jpg
# yum -y install hping3
# hping 192.168.1.132 --faster
05 zabbix基本配置入门
1、修改zabbix显示语言
1.1、点击屏幕右上角的“Profile”
http://s2.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AB/wKioL1hU8aiyPVQ6AAFuyLLiGS0078.jpg
1.2、修改显示语言
http://s4.运维网.com/wyfs02/M01/8B/AF/wKiom1hU8Uvw_wPBAAFiWQIiY7k286.jpg
# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
页:
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