总结—elasticsearch启动失败的几种情况及解决
1、使用root用户启动失败在有一次搭建elasticsearch的时候，使用systemctl启动elasticsearch失败，然后在bin目录下面去使用启动脚本启动，发现报错不能用root用户启动，报“Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root”：
# ./elasticsearch
uncaught exception in thread
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:125) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:112) ~
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:86) ~
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:124) ~
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:92) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:85) ~
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: can not run elasticsearch as root
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.initializeNatives(Bootstrap.java:104) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:171) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:322) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:121) ~
... 6 more
# cd ..
解决：
创建一个独立的用户，比如elk来启动elasticsearch，不用root用户启动
2、elasticsearch安装目录权限不对
遇到启动elasticsearch失败，使用的是专门的用户elk来启动的，启动日志提示不能加载配置文件：
$ ./elasticsearch
Exception in thread "main" 2018-06-03 17:36:23,881 main ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging.
2018-06-03 17:36:24,113 main ERROR Could not register mbeans java.security.AccessControlException: access denied ("javax.management.MBeanTrustPermission" "register")
at java.security.AccessControlContext.checkPermission(AccessControlContext.java:472)
at java.lang.SecurityManager.checkPermission(SecurityManager.java:585)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.checkMBeanTrustPermission(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:1848)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.registerMBean(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:322)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.registerMBean(JmxMBeanServer.java:522)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.register(Server.java:389)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:167)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.jmx.Server.reregisterMBeansAfterReconfigure(Server.java:140)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:556)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:617)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.reconfigure(LoggerContext.java:634)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:229)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:242)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory.getContext(Log4jContextFactory.java:45)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getContext(LogManager.java:174)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager.getLogger(LogManager.java:618)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:54)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(ESLoggerFactory.java:62)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.Loggers.getLogger(Loggers.java:101)
at org.elasticsearch.ExceptionsHelper.(ExceptionsHelper.java:42)
at org.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchException.toString(ElasticsearchException.java:663)
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
at java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:821)
at java.lang.Throwable$WrappedPrintStream.println(Throwable.java:748)
at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:655)
at java.lang.Throwable.printStackTrace(Throwable.java:643)
at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1061)
at java.lang.ThreadGroup.uncaughtException(ThreadGroup.java:1052)
at java.lang.Thread.dispatchUncaughtException(Thread.java:1959)
SettingsException; nested: AccessDeniedException;
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:102)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:72)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:214)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:361)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:407)
at java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider.newInputStream(FileSystemProvider.java:384)
at java.nio.file.Files.newInputStream(Files.java:152)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032)
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100)
... 6 more
$
解决：
看到“Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml”的提示，就去检查目录的权限，果然是root:root权限，使用elk用户去启动，就报错了。
将目录的权限改成elk:elk就好了。
# ll /usr/local/
drwxr-xr-x7 root root 123 9月 7 2017 elasticsearch-5.6.0
#chown-R elk:elk elasticsearch-5.6.0
# ll
drwxr-xr-x7 elkelk 123 9月 7 2017 elasticsearch-5.6.0
3、使用yum安装方式，赋权错误，启动失败
在一次使用yum安装elasticsearch的时候，执行完yum -y install elasticsearch 命令后，进行了下面的操作：
1、修改elasticsearch.yml文件
2、创建elk用户
3、创建/opt/elk/data目录，并且赋权为elk:elk
4、修改/var/log/elasticsearch权限为elk:elk
5、启动服务，但是报下面的错（截取了部分）：
# ./elasticsearch start
Starting elasticsearch: 2018-06-12 15:13:50,287 main ERROR Unable to create file /var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够
at java.io.UnixFileSystem.createFileExclusively(Native Method)
at java.io.File.createNewFile(File.java:1012)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager$RollingFileManagerFactory.createManager(RollingFileManager.java:628)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager$RollingFileManagerFactory.createManager(RollingFileManager.java:608)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.AbstractManager.getManager(AbstractManager.java:113)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.OutputStreamManager.getManager(OutputStreamManager.java:115)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager.getFileManager(RollingFileManager.java:188)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender$Builder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:144)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender$Builder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:60)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.build(PluginBuilder.java:122)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createPluginObject(AbstractConfiguration.java:958)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:898)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:890)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.doConfigure(AbstractConfiguration.java:513)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.initialize(AbstractConfiguration.java:237)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.start(AbstractConfiguration.java:249)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:545)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:261)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:166)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:307)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
2018-06-12 15:13:50,296 main ERROR Could not create plugin of type class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender for element RollingFile: java.lang.IllegalStateException: ManagerFactory unable to create manager for with data ), strategy=DefaultRolloverStrategy(min=1, max=7, useMax=true), advertiseURI=null, layout=[%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c{1.}] %marker%.-10000m%n, filePermissions=null, fileOwner=null]] java.lang.IllegalStateException: ManagerFactory unable to create manager for with data ), strategy=DefaultRolloverStrategy(min=1, max=7, useMax=true), advertiseURI=null, layout=[%d{ISO8601}][%-5p][%-25c{1.}] %marker%.-10000m%n, filePermissions=null, fileOwner=null]]
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.AbstractManager.getManager(AbstractManager.java:115)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.OutputStreamManager.getManager(OutputStreamManager.java:115)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.rolling.RollingFileManager.getFileManager(RollingFileManager.java:188)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender$Builder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:144)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender$Builder.build(RollingFileAppender.java:60)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.build(PluginBuilder.java:122)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createPluginObject(AbstractConfiguration.java:958)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:898)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:890)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.doConfigure(AbstractConfiguration.java:513)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.initialize(AbstractConfiguration.java:237)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.start(AbstractConfiguration.java:249)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:545)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:261)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:166)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:307)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
2018-06-12 15:13:50,311 main ERROR Unable to invoke factory method in class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender for element RollingFile: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No factory method found for class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender java.lang.IllegalStateException: No factory method found for class org.apache.logging.log4j.core.appender.RollingFileAppender
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.findFactoryMethod(PluginBuilder.java:229)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.util.PluginBuilder.build(PluginBuilder.java:134)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createPluginObject(AbstractConfiguration.java:958)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:898)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.createConfiguration(AbstractConfiguration.java:890)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.doConfigure(AbstractConfiguration.java:513)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.initialize(AbstractConfiguration.java:237)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.AbstractConfiguration.start(AbstractConfiguration.java:249)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.setConfiguration(LoggerContext.java:545)
at org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LoggerContext.start(LoggerContext.java:261)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:166)
at org.elasticsearch.common.logging.LogConfigurator.configure(LogConfigurator.java:122)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:307)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:70)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
解决：
原来在执行yum -y install elasticsearch的时候，就已经自动创建了一个单独的管理用户elasticsearch，但是我又自己创建了一个elk用户，并且把data和log目录授权给elk，所以就会出现“Starting elasticsearch: 2018-06-12 15:13:50,287 main ERROR Unable to create file /var/log/elasticsearch/elk.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够”的报错。
因此只需要将/opt/elk/data和/var/log/elasticsearch目录权限改为elasticsearch:elasticsearch就好了：
然后重启服务成功：
# ./elasticsearch start
Starting elasticsearch: [确定]
# ps -ef|grep elasticsearch
elastic+ 5157 1 80 15:49 ? 00:00:08 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_151/bin/java -Xms512m -Xmx512m -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -server -Xss1m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Djna.nosys=true -Djdk.io.permissionsUseCanonicalPath=true -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0 -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true -Dlog4j.skipJansi=true -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Des.path.home=/usr/share/elasticsearch -cp /usr/share/elasticsearch/lib/* org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch -p /var/run/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.pid -d -Edefault.path.logs=/var/log/elasticsearch -Edefault.path.data=/var/lib/elasticsearch -Edefault.path.conf=/etc/elasticsearch
root 5177 9210 15:50 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto elasticsearch
#netstat -tlunp|grep 9200
tcp6 0 0 :::9200 :::* LISTEN 5157/java
#
4、日志和数据目录权限异常，启动失败
在一次启动elasticsearch的时候启动失败，日志有提示“main ERROR Unable to create file /home/elk/logs/my-application_index_indexing_slowlog.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够”和“Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /home/elk/data/nodes”。关键日志信息如下（下面两段日志是节选的，日志信息太多了，有很多重复的）：
$ ./elasticsearch
2018-06-04 01:15:07,609 main ERROR Unable to create file /home/elk/logs/my-application.log java.io.IOException: 权限不够
at java.io.UnixFileSystem.createFileExclusively(Native Method)
at java.io.File.createNewFile(File.java:1012)
后面还有一段：
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to create node environment
at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.(Node.java:268) ~
at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.(Node.java:245) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap$5.(Bootstrap.java:233) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.setup(Bootstrap.java:233) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:342) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) ~
... 6 more
Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /home/elk/data/nodes
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84) ~[?:?]
日志报的“/home/elk/data/”和“/home/elk/logs/”目录都是在elasticsearch.yml配置文件里面配置的两个目录，查看权限果然不对，权限是elk的目录权限是elk，但是下面的data目录和logs目录权限还是root，因此引起了启动失败：
# ll
drwx------5 elk elk 125 6月 3 17:35 elk #elk目录权限正常
# cd elk/
# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 6月 3 17:34 data #下面的data和logs目录还是root
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 6月 3 17:34 logs
解决：
将目录权限修改成elk之后，启动就OK了
# chown elk:elk -R ./*
# ll
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 elk elk 6 6月 3 17:34 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 elk elk 6 6月 3 17:34 logs
#
5、内存不够，启动失败
在一次使用虚拟机做实验的过程中启动elasticsearch遇到了这样的报错：
$ ./elasticsearch
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: INFO: os::commit_memory(0x0000000085330000, 2060255232, 0) failed; error='Cannot allocate memory' (errno=12)
#
# There is insufficient memory for the Java Runtime Environment to continue.
# Native memory allocation (mmap) failed to map 2060255232 bytes for committing reserved memory.
# An error report file with more information is saved as:
# /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/bin/hs_err_pid2819.log
解决：
原因：
查看了 /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/bin/hs_err_pid1027.log日志文件，出现这样的报错，有两种可能：
1、系统进程数达到上限了，部署服务的时候/etc/security/limits.conf文件修改没有生效。
2、确实物理内存不够
解决：
通过命令查看系统限制：ulimit -a查看open files不够大，如果不够大，就尝试通过设大该值：
# ulimit -n
1024
果然是部属的时候修改的/etc/security/limits.conf文件没有生效。于是将机器reboot了一下，在查看就生效了：
# ulimit -n
65536
但是在启动的时候还是报同样的错，查看了一下内存，这个虚拟机的内存只有1G，那应该就是物理内存不够了。目前还剩下这么多：
# free -h
total used free sharedbuff/cache available
Mem: 974M 119M 79M 7.7M 775M 680M
Swap: 819M 0B 819M
手动清理了一下内存：
# echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
# free -h
total used free sharedbuff/cache available
Mem: 974M 114M 789M 7.7M 69M 739M
Swap: 819M 0B 819M
#
但是在启动报错依旧。
于是增加物理内存到2G：
# free -h
total used free sharedbuff/cache available
Mem: 1.8G 1.6G 77M 4K 72M 29M
Swap: 819M 691M 128M
然后切换到elk用户去启动服务，就OK了：
$ ./elasticsearch #为了看启动日志就前台启动的，ctrl+c 进程就会over掉
检查端口，起来了
# netstat -tlunp|grep 9200
tcp6 0 0 10.0.0.16:9200 :::* LISTEN 9628/java
#
然后关掉进程重新后台启动：
$ nohup ./elasticsearch >/dev/null 2>&1 & #后台启动
9808
$ ps -ef|grep elasticsearch #检查进程
elk 9808 4115 10 01:29 pts/0 00:00:23 /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_151/bin/java -Xms2g -Xmx2g -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch -server -Xss1m -Djava.awt.headless=true -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Djna.nosys=true -Djdk.io.permissionsUseCanonicalPath=true -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0 -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true -Dlog4j.skipJansi=true -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Des.path.home=/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0 -cp /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/lib/* org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch
elk 9890 41150 01:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto elasticsearch
$
# netstat -tlunp|grep 9200 #用root用户检查端口
tcp6 0 0 10.0.0.16:9200 :::* LISTEN 9808/java
#
6、 elasticsearch.yml的bind的IP写错，服务起不来
在一次安装 elasticsearc的时候，服务起不来，提示“Failed to bind to ”。启动服务报下面的错误：
$ ./elasticsearch
initializing ...
using data paths, mounts [], net usable_space , net total_space , spins? , types
heap size , compressed ordinary object pointers
node name , node ID
version, pid, build, OS, JVM
JVM arguments [-Xms2g, -Xmx2g, -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75, -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly, -XX:+AlwaysPreTouch, -Xss1m, -Djava.awt.headless=true, -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8, -Djna.nosys=true, -Djdk.io.permissionsUseCanonicalPath=true, -Dio.netty.noUnsafe=true, -Dio.netty.noKeySetOptimization=true, -Dio.netty.recycler.maxCapacityPerThread=0, -Dlog4j.shutdownHookEnabled=false, -Dlog4j2.disable.jmx=true, -Dlog4j.skipJansi=true, -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError, -Des.path.home=/usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0]
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
loaded module
no plugins loaded
using discovery type
initialized
starting ...
uncaught exception in thread
org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.StartupException: BindTransportException]; nested: BindException;
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:136) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.execute(Elasticsearch.java:123) ~
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67) ~
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134) ~
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84) ~
Caused by: org.elasticsearch.transport.BindTransportException: Failed to bind to
at org.elasticsearch.transport.TcpTransport.bindToPort(TcpTransport.java:771) ~
at org.elasticsearch.transport.TcpTransport.bindServer(TcpTransport.java:736) ~
at org.elasticsearch.transport.netty4.Netty4Transport.doStart(Netty4Transport.java:173) ~[?:?]
at org.elasticsearch.common.component.AbstractLifecycleComponent.start(AbstractLifecycleComponent.java:69) ~
at org.elasticsearch.transport.TransportService.doStart(TransportService.java:209) ~
at org.elasticsearch.common.component.AbstractLifecycleComponent.start(AbstractLifecycleComponent.java:69) ~
at org.elasticsearch.node.Node.start(Node.java:694) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:278) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Bootstrap.init(Bootstrap.java:351) ~
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.init(Elasticsearch.java:132) ~
... 6 more
Caused by: java.net.BindException: Cannot assign requested address
at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Net.java:433) ~[?:?]
at sun.nio.ch.Net.bind(Net.java:425) ~[?:?]
at sun.nio.ch.ServerSocketChannelImpl.bind(ServerSocketChannelImpl.java:223) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel.doBind(NioServerSocketChannel.java:128) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel$AbstractUnsafe.bind(AbstractChannel.java:554) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline$HeadContext.bind(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:1258) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.invokeBind(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:501) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannelHandlerContext.bind(AbstractChannelHandlerContext.java:486) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.bind(DefaultChannelPipeline.java:980) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel.bind(AbstractChannel.java:250) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.bootstrap.AbstractBootstrap$2.run(AbstractBootstrap.java:365) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.util.concurrent.AbstractEventExecutor.safeExecute(AbstractEventExecutor.java:163) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor.runAllTasks(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:403) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.run(NioEventLoop.java:462) ~[?:?]
at io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor$5.run(SingleThreadEventExecutor.java:858) ~[?:?]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [?:1.8.0_102]
stopping ...
stopped
closing ...
closed
$
$
# netstat -tlunp|grep 9300
# netstat -tlunp|grep 9200
#
解决：
开始以为是端口被占用了，检查端口，发现并没有被占用：
# netstat -tlunp|grep 9300
# netstat -tlunp|grep 9200
#
然后检查配置，发现 elasticsearch.yml文件里面有一行的IP写错了：
network.host: 10.0.0.10 #这一行的IP地址写错了，不是本机IP
修改elasticsearch.yml文件，将IP改正确，重新启动服务，就OK了
7、配置文件elasticsearch.yml的权限异常，导致启动失败
有一次在安装elasticsearch的时候，因为elasticsearch.yml文件改得有问题，就从原来备份的elasticsearch.yml.bak文件cp重新生成了一份elasticsearch.yml，改好之后启动报错不能加载配置文件：
$ ./elasticsearch
Exception in thread "main" 2018-09-14 09:04:49,470 main ERROR No log4j2 configuration file found. Using default configuration: logging only errors to the console. Set system property 'log4j2.debug' to show Log4j2 internal initialization logging.
SettingsException; nested: AccessDeniedException;
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:102)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.createEnv(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:72)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.EnvironmentAwareCommand.execute(EnvironmentAwareCommand.java:67)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.mainWithoutErrorHandling(Command.java:134)
at org.elasticsearch.cli.Command.main(Command.java:90)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:91)
at org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.Elasticsearch.main(Elasticsearch.java:84)
Caused by: java.nio.file.AccessDeniedException: /usr/local/elasticsearch-5.6.0/config/elasticsearch.yml
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.translateToIOException(UnixException.java:84)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:102)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixException.rethrowAsIOException(UnixException.java:107)
at sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystemProvider.newByteChannel(UnixFileSystemProvider.java:214)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:361)
at java.nio.file.Files.newByteChannel(Files.java:407)
at java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider.newInputStream(FileSystemProvider.java:384)
at java.nio.file.Files.newInputStream(Files.java:152)
at org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings$Builder.loadFromPath(Settings.java:1032)
at org.elasticsearch.node.InternalSettingsPreparer.prepareEnvironment(InternalSettingsPreparer.java:100)
... 6 more
$
原来新生成的配置文件elasticsearch.yml还是root权限，用elk用户去启动，当然加载不了：
# ll
total 20
-rw-r----- 1 root root 2961 Sep 14 09:04 elasticsearch.yml
-rw-r----- 1 elkelk2854 Sep 14 08:49 elasticsearch.yml.bak
-rw-rw---- 1 elkelk3064 Sep72017 jvm.options
-rw-rw---- 1 elkelk4456 Sep72017 log4j2.properties
#
解决：
修改配置文件elasticsearch.yml的权限，再重新启动就好了：
# chown elk:elk elasticsearch.yml
# ll
total 20
-rw-r----- 1 elk elk 2961 Sep 14 09:04 elasticsearch.yml
-rw-r----- 1 elk elk 2854 Sep 14 08:49 elasticsearch.yml.bak
-rw-rw---- 1 elk elk 3064 Sep72017 jvm.options
-rw-rw---- 1 elk elk 4456 Sep72017 log4j2.properties
#
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