docker之容器管理常用命令篇
常用命令如下表：选项 描述
ls列出容器
inspect 查看一个或多个容器详细信息
exec 在运行容器中执行命令
commit创建一个新镜像来自一个容器
cp拷贝文件/文件夹到一个容器
logs 获取一个容器日志
port 列出或指定容器端口映射
top 显示一个容器运行的进程
stats 显示容器资源使用统计
stop/start停止/启动一个或多个容器
rm删除一个或多个容器
1、ls - 列出容器
只列出正在运行的容器：
# docker container ls
列出所有容器，包括已停止的：
# docker container ls -a
inspect - 查看一个或多个容器详细信息：
# docker container inspect nginx01
......
2、exec - 在运行容器里执行命令
在容器里执行命令：
# docker container run -d --name nginx04 -h nginx04 nginx
a44b757591db1ebd9146ec9245b742f755439d83637012f4a27de83e56b52153
进入容器终端：
# docker container exec -it nginx04 bash
root@nginx04:/# hostname
nginx04
查看主机名：
# docker container exec nginx04 hostname
nginx04
查看时间：
# docker container exec nginx04 date
Sun Aug5 19:10:11 UTC 2018
#
3、cp - 拷贝文件或目录到一个容器
拷贝文件到容器：
# echo 123321 >> 123.txt
# cat 123.txt
123321
# docker container cp 123.txt nginx04:/usr/share/nginx/html
# docker container exec -it nginx04 cat /usr/share/nginx/html/123.txt
123321
# docker container exec -it nginx04 ls /usr/share/nginx/html/123.txt
/usr/share/nginx/html/123.txt
# cd /usr/share/nginx/html
-bash: cd: /usr/share/nginx/html: No such file or directory
#
4、logs - 获取一个容器日志
查看容器日志：
查看容器的IP地址
# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx02
172.17.0.3
# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx01
172.17.0.2
# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx04
172.17.0.6
查看容器nginx02的日志：
#docker container ls|grep nginx02
a5e10362acc3 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 25 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:88->80/tcp nginx02
# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx02
172.17.0.3
# curl -I http://192.168.1.101:88
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.15.2
Date: Sun, 05 Aug 2018 19:26:30 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Jul 2018 13:02:29 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5b572365-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
# curl -I 172.17.0.3
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.15.2
Date: Sun, 05 Aug 2018 19:26:41 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Jul 2018 13:02:29 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5b572365-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
# docker container logs -f nginx02
192.168.1.1 - - "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko" "-"
192.168.1.1 - - "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko" "-"
192.168.1.101 - - "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
172.17.0.1 - - "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"
5、port - 列出或指定容器端口映射
查看容器端口映射：
#docker container port nginx02
80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:88
6、top - 显示一个容器运行的进程
查看容器运行进程：
# docker container top nginx02
UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 3351 3335 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;
101 3391 3351 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
7、stats - 显示容器资源使用统计
查看容器资源利用率：
#docker container stats --no-stream nginx02
CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS
a5e10362acc3 nginx02 0.00% 1.383MiB / 1.566GiB 0.09% 26kB / 18.1kB 24.6kB / 4.1kB 0
8、export - 导出容器文件系统到tar归档文件
docker export name/id > name.tar
#docker export -h
Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --help
Usage:docker export CONTAINER
Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
Options:
-o, --output string Write to a file, instead of STDOUT
# docker export nginx03 >nginx03.tar
# docker export nginx03-o test01
# du -sh test01 nginx03.tar
106M test01
106M nginx03.tar
9、停止/启动/删除一个容器
restart/stop/start/rm -
# docker container stop nginx02
nginx02
# docker container rm nginx02
nginx02
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