Tomcat 7.0配置SSL的问题及解决办法
http://dong-shuai22-126-com.iteye.com/blog/1830209以前一直在用Tomcat 6.0.29版本，今下载了apache-tomcat-7.0.33-windows-x86.zip试试，结果在配置SSL时遇到一些问题。
Tomcat 6版本配置SSL过程有两步：
1、用JDK自带的keytool.exe来生成私有密钥和自签发的证书，如下：
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[*]keytool -genkey -keyalg RSA -alias tomcat
keytool -genkey -keyalg RSA -alias tomcat
按提示输入相关内容后，这条命令将在默认密钥库文件里新增一个别名为tomcat的私有密钥项及其自签发的证书。默认密钥库文件为：
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[*]%USERPROFILE%\.keystore
%USERPROFILE%\.keystore
2、修改Tomcat的conf\server.xml文件，即增加下面一段：
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[*]
这里的${user.home}就是上面的%USERPROFILE%，只是一个是Java语法，另一个是Windows语法。
设置好就能正常启动Tomcat了。
可是按同样的方法来配置Tomcat 7却启动不起来，报如下错误：
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[*]严重: Failed to initialize end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8443"]java.lang.Exception: Connector attribute SSLCertificateFile must be defined when using SSL with APR at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint.bind(AprEndpoint.java:494) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.init(AbstractEndpoint.java:610) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init(AbstractProtocol.java:429) at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:981) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initInternal(StandardService.java:559) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initInternal(StandardServer.java:814) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:633) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:658) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:281) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)-12-212:01:16 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService initInternal严重: Failed to initialize connector ]org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component ] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:106) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initInternal(StandardService.java:559) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initInternal(StandardServer.java:814) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:633) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:658) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:281) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Protocol handler initialization failed at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:983) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) ... 12 moreCaused by: java.lang.Exception: Connector attribute SSLCertificateFile must be defined when using SSL with APR at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint.bind(AprEndpoint.java:494) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.init(AbstractEndpoint.java:610) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init(AbstractProtocol.java:429) at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:981) ... 13 more
严重: Failed to initialize end point associated with ProtocolHandler ["http-apr-8443"]java.lang.Exception: Connector attribute SSLCertificateFile must be defined when using SSL with APR at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint.bind(AprEndpoint.java:494) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.init(AbstractEndpoint.java:610) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init(AbstractProtocol.java:429) at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:981) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initInternal(StandardService.java:559) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initInternal(StandardServer.java:814) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:633) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:658) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:281) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)-12-2 12:01:16 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService initInternal严重: Failed to initialize connector ]org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Failed to initialize component ] at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:106) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initInternal(StandardService.java:559) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initInternal(StandardServer.java:814) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:633) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:658) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:281) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:450)Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: Protocol handler initialization failed at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:983) at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.init(LifecycleBase.java:102) ... 12 moreCaused by: java.lang.Exception: Connector attribute SSLCertificateFile must be defined when using SSL with APR at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint.bind(AprEndpoint.java:494) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AbstractEndpoint.init(AbstractEndpoint.java:610) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init(AbstractProtocol.java:429) at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initInternal(Connector.java:981) ... 13 more
仔细看上面的异常信息发现这是APR报的错误。Tomcat 6也有APR包但我从来都没用过。为此查看了Tomcat的ssl-how，在“Edit the Tomcat Configuration File”一节中说到：
Tomcat提供了两个SSL实现，一个是JSSE实现，另一个是APR实现。
Tomcat将自动选择使用哪个实现，即如果安装了APR则自动选择APR，否则选择JSSE。
如果不希望让Tomcat自动选择，而是我们自己指定一个实现则可通过protocol定义，如下：
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我又查看了6.0的相同说明，里面与7.0的说明一模一样。因此问题只可能是：是否安装了APR包。
以前只听说过APR但没弄过。APR是什么文件？后来才发现APR文件名为tcnative-1.dll。进一步检查6.0和7.0的安装目录，结果发现6.0里没这个dll文件，而7.0里有。换句话说，6.0默认使用JSSE实现，而7.0默认使用APR实现。
弄明白缘由就好办了。由于习惯使用6.0的配置方式（即JSEE实现），因此只要把上面conf\server.xml里的protocol修改一下就行了：
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重新启动，一切正常。
应用程序HTTP自动跳转到HTTPS,解决如下，打开项目的web.xml,添加如下配置
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[*]
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[*] eqm
[*] /*
[*]
[*]
[*]
[*] CONFIDENTIAL
[*]
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eqm
/*
CONFIDENTIAL
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