二、监控linux服务器
1． NRPE模式
1.1配置被监控机
创建nagios用户
# useradd nagios
#passwd nagios
安装nagios-plugins
# tar zxf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16
#./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios--with-nagios-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
#make
#make install
#chown -R nagios.nagios/usr/local/nagios/
安装NRPE
# tar zxf nrpe-2.13.tar.gz
#cd nrpe-2.13
#./configure
#make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
#chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
启动NRPE
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d
将NRPE运行添加加入系统启动脚本中
# echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg-d" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
重启NRPE
#rm –rf /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe 删除nrpe文件
#/etc/init.d/xinetdrestart 重启ninetd.d 服务
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d 重启NRPE
配置NRPE
#su - nagios
$ vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
###########################################################################
server_port=5666 #NRPE端口
server_address=0.0.0.0 #本机IP或0.0.0.0全部网络接口
nrpe_user=nagios #NRPE用户
nrpe_group=nagios #NRPE用户组
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.8.211 #监控服务器IP
command[check_sda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda1 #监控/boot分区状态
command[check_sda3]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p/dev/sda3 #监控根分区状态
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap-w 20% -c 10%
command[check_javaRAM]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_javaRAM.sh1000 1500
command[check_traffic]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_traffic.sh -V 2c -C public -H 127.0.0.1 -I 2 -w 2000,3000 -c 4000,5000 -K –B
###########################################################################
#df –h #在使用nagios用户查看硬盘分区情况时，如果出现Permission denied的情况,需要把nagios用户加入sudo用户列表并可免密码运行
# vi /etc/sudoers
Cmnd_Alias NAGIOS_CMD = /bin/df #指定一个命令
nagios ALL=NOPASSWD: NAGIOS_CMD #设定无密码执行
1.2 配置监控服务器
安装NRPE并设置，同被监控机设置
配置nagios监控文件
#vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/192.168.1.13-NRPE.cfg
###########################################################################
definehost{
use linux-server
host_name 192.168.1.13-NRPE
alias 192.168.1.13 NRPE
address 192.168.1.13
hostgroups linux-servers
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.13-NRPE
service_description check_users
check_command nrpe!check_users
}
###########################################################################
#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 检查nagios配置
#service nagios restart 没有错误重启nagios服务
2. 被动模式
2.1 配置监控服务器
安装NSCA
# tar zxfnsca-2.9.1.tar.gz
# cd nsca-2.9.1
# ./configure
# make all
***************************************************************
出现如下提示，说明没有libmcrypt环境：
checking forlibmcrypt - version >= 2.4.11... no
*** Could not run libmcrypt testprogram, checking why...
解决方法：
#yum install libmcrypt.x86_64libmcrypt-devel.x86_64 -y
确定/etc/ld.so.conf中有“include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf”
#ldconfig
#make devclean
# ./configure 重新编译
***************************************************************
# cp src/nsca /usr/local/nagios/bin/
# cp sample-config/nsca.cfg/usr/local/nagios/etc
# chown nagios.nagios/usr/local/nagios/bin/nsca
# chown nagios.nagios/usr/local/nagios/etc/nsca.cfg
# cp init-script /etc/init.d/nsca
# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nsca
# chkconfig --add nsca
在监控服务器上配置NSCA
# vi/usr/local/nagios/etc/nsca.cfg
server_port=5667 #端口
server_address=192.168.8.211 #Nagios的对外IP
nsca_user=nagios #Nagios用户
nsca_group=nagios #Nagios用户组
debug=1 #debug选项即log选项，写入message
aggregate_writes=1 #能够支持更大的监控量，建议开启
max_packet_age=30 #数据包过期时间，单位秒
password=password#连接密码
decryption_method=1 #数据传输加密方式
2.2 配置被监控机
安装SAND_NSCA
#cp send_nsca /usr/local/nagios/bin/
# cpsend_nsca.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc
# chown nagios.nagios/usr/local/nagios/bin/send_nsca
# chown nagios.nagios/usr/local/nagios/etc/send_nsca.cfg
编辑一个SAND_NSCA执行脚本
#mkdir /usr/local/nagios/include/nsca 创建一个目录
# vi/usr/local/nagios/libexec/nsca_check.sh
###########################################################################
NSER=192.168.8.211
SERVICE_NAME01="partition"
SERVICE_NAME02="load"
SERVICE_NAME03="swap"
SERVICE_NAME04="ssh"
CHECK_PATH="/usr/local/nagios/include/nsca"
/usr/local/nagios/bin/send_nsca -H"$NSER" -to 60 -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/send_nsca.cfg < /bin/bash"$CHECK_PATH"/nsca_check_"$SERVICE_NAME01".sh
/usr/local/nagios/bin/send_nsca -H"$NSER" -to 60 -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/send_nsca.cfg < /bin/bash"$CHECK_PATH"/nsca_check_"$SERVICE_NAME02".sh
/usr/local/nagios/bin/send_nsca -H"$NSER" -to 60 -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/send_nsca.cfg < /bin/bash"$CHECK_PATH"/nsca_check_"$SERVICE_NAME03".sh
/usr/local/nagios/bin/send_nsca -H"$NSER" -to 60 -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/send_nsca.cfg < /bin/bash"$CHECK_PATH"/nsca_check_"$SERVICE_NAME04".sh
###########################################################################
设定一个计划任务，每5分钟执行一下脚本
#su – nagios
$crontab –e
*/5 * * * * /bin/bash/usr/local/nagios/libexec/nsca_check.sh
编辑nsca脚本
$vi /usr/local/nagios/include/nsca/nsca_check_partition.sh
###########################################################################
#!/bin/bash
#NscaCommon Check Script
hostname=$(hostname)
Plugin_path="/usr/local/nagios/libexec"
# Partition
Partitions=$(df-h|awk -F'% ' '{print $2}'|sed '1d'|grep -v '^$\|boot\|shm\|mnt')
forpartition in $Partitions
do
result=$($Plugin_path/check_disk -w 10%-c 5% -p $partition)
status=$?
output=$(echo "$result"|awk-F';' '{print $1}')
echo -e"$hostname\tpartition\t$status\t$output"
done
###########################################################################
$vi /usr/local/nagios/include/nsca/nsca_check_load.sh
###########################################################################
#!/bin/bash
#Nsca Common Check Script
hostname=$(hostname)
Plugin_path="/usr/local/nagios/libexec"
#Load
result=$($Plugin_path/check_load -w 15,10,5-c 30,25,20)
status=$?
output=$(echo "$result"|awk -F'|''{print $1}')
echo -e"$hostname\tload\t$status\t$output"\n
###########################################################################
$vi /usr/local/nagios/include/nsca/nsca_check_ssh.sh
###########################################################################
#!/bin/bash
#Nsca Common Check Script
hostname=$(hostname)
Plugin_path="/usr/local/nagios/libexec"
#Ssh
result=$(/etc/init.d/sshd status)
status=$?
echo -e"$hostname\tssh\t$status\t$result"
###########################################################################
$vi /usr/local/nagios/include/nsca/nsca_check_swap.sh
##########################################################################
#!/bin/bash
#Nsca Common Check Script
hostname=$(hostname)
Plugin_path="/usr/local/nagios/libexec"
#Swap
result=$($Plugin_path/check_swap -w 50%-c 20%)
status=$?
output=$(echo "$result"|awk-F'|' '{print $1}')
echo -e"$hostname\tswap\t$status\t$output\r"
###########################################################################
2.3 配置nagios监控文件
配置ngios.cfg，修改：
$vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
check_external_commands = 1
command_check_interval= -1
配置templates.cfg，修改：
$vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
defineservice{
name passive_service
use generic-service
active_checks_enabled 0
passive_checks_enabled 1
flap_detection_enabled 1
register 0
is_volatile 0
check_period 24x7
max_check_attempts 3
normal_check_interval 5
retry_check_interval 1
check_freshness 0
contact_groups admins
check_command check_dummy!0
notifications_enabled 1
notification_interval 30
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
stalking_options w,c,u
}
配置commands.cfg，修改：
$vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
definecommand{
command_name check_dummy
command_line $USER1$/check_dummy $ARG1$
}
配置监控文件
$vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/192.168.1.13-NSCA.cfg
###########################################################################
define host{
use linux-server
host_name centos_test01
alias 192.168.1.13 NSCA
address 192.168.1.13
hostgroups linux-servers
}
define service {
use passive_service
host_name centos_test01
service_description partition
}
define service {
use passive_service
host_name centos_test01
service_description load
}
define service {
use passive_service
host_name centos_test01
service_description swap
}
define service {
use passive_service
host_name centos_test01
service_description ssh
}
###########################################################################.
注：
1. Send_nsca发来的数据格式为：
centos_test01 load 0 OK - load average: 0.17, 0.16, 0.17n
被监控主机名【tab】被监控项目名【tab】状态码【tab】备注信息
这个格式由Send_nsca决定的，不可更改
2. 监控文件中的host_name必须与Send_nsca数据中的被监控主机名一致，即于真实的被监控主机名相同。
监控文件中的service_description必须与Send_nsca数据中的被监控项目名一致。 | 
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