CentOS Nginx PHP MySQL Memcached 安装 配置 优化 （二）

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　　接上篇  CentOS Nginx PHP MySQL Memcached 安装 配置 优化

四、配置篇
4.1 mysql配置

• mkdir -p /var/mysql/
  
• mkdir -p /var/mysql/data/
  
• mkdir -p /var/mysql/log/
  
• chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/
  
• /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db \
  
• --defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf \
  
• --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
  
• --datadir=/var/mysql/data \
  
• --user=mysql
  
• vi /var/mysql/my.cnf
  

复制代码
　　请复制以下内容至 my.cnf 文件：

• 
  
• [client]
  
• #character-set-server = utf8
  
• port = 3306
  
• socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
  
• [mysqld]
  
• character-set-server = utf8
  
• replicate-ignore-db = mysql
  
• replicate-ignore-db = test
  
• replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
  
• user = mysql
  
• port = 3306
  
• socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
  
• basedir = /usr/local/mysql
  
• datadir = /var/mysql/data
  
• log-error = /var/mysql/log/error.log
  
• pid-file = /var/mysql/mysql.pid
  
• open_files_limit = 10240
  
• back_log = 600
  
• max_connections = 5000
  
• max_connect_errors = 6000
  
• table_cache = 614
  
• external-locking = FALSE
  
• max_allowed_packet = 32M
  
• sort_buffer_size = 1M
  
• join_buffer_size = 1M
  
• thread_cache_size = 300
  
• #thread_concurrency = 8
  
• query_cache_size = 512M
  
• query_cache_limit = 2M
  
• query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
  
• default-storage-engine = MyISAM
  
• thread_stack = 192K
  
• transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
  
• tmp_table_size = 246M
  
• max_heap_table_size = 246M
  
• long_query_time = 3
  
• log-slave-updates
  
• log-bin = /var/mysql/log/binlog
  
• binlog_cache_size = 4M
  
• binlog_format = MIXED
  
• max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
  
• max_binlog_size = 1G
  
• relay-log-index = /var/mysql/log/relaylog
  
• relay-log-info-file = /var/mysql/log/relaylog
  
• relay-log = /var/mysql/log/relaylog
  
• expire_logs_days = 30
  
• key_buffer_size = 256M
  
• read_buffer_size = 1M
  
• read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
  
• bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
  
• myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
  
• myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
  
• myisam_repair_threads = 1
  
• myisam_recover
  
• interactive_timeout = 120
  
• wait_timeout = 120
  
• skip-name-resolve
  
• #master-connect-retry = 10
  
• slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396
  
• #master-host = 192.168.1.2
  
• #master-user = username
  
• #master-password = password
  
• #master-port = 3306
  
• 
  
• server-id = 1
  
• innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
  
• innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
  
• innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend
  
• innodb_file_io_threads = 4
  
• innodb_thread_concurrency = 8
  
• innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
  
• innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
  
• innodb_log_file_size = 128M
  
• innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
  
• innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
  
• innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120
  
• innodb_file_per_table = 0
  
• #log-slow-queries = /var/mysql/log/slow.log
  
• #long_query_time = 10
  
• [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M
  

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　　4.2 PHP配置

• vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
  

复制代码
　　查找 extension_dir = "ext"（809行左右），在后面添加以下几行：

• extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/"
  
• extension=apc.so
  
• extension=imagick.so
  
• extension=memcache.so
  

复制代码
　　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的末尾，添加以下配置信息：

• [APC]
  
• apc.enabled=1
  
• apc.ttl=7200
  
• apc.shm_size=32
  

复制代码
　　4.3 PHP-FPM配置

• cd /usr/local/php/etc/
  
• cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
  
• vi php-fpm.conf
  

复制代码
　　请根据以下内容修改文件 php-fpm.conf 的具体内容：

• 
  
• ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  
• ; FPM Configuration ;
  
• ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  
• 
  
• ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP's install
  
• ; prefix (/usr/local/web/php). This prefix can be dynamicaly changed by using the
  
• ; '-p' argument from the command line.
  
• 
  
• ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of
  
• ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
  
• ; file.
  
• ; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
  
• ;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p arguement)
  
• ;  - /usr/local/web/php otherwise
  
• ;include=etc/fpm.d/*.conf
  
• 
  
• ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  
• ; Global Options ;
  
• ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  
• 
  
• [global]
  
• ; Pid file
  
• ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/web/php/var
  
• ; Default Value: none
  
• ;pid = run/php-fpm.pid
  
• pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid
  
• 
  
• ; Error log file
  
• ; If it's set to "syslog", log is sent to syslogd instead of being written
  
• ; in a local file.
  
• ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/web/php/var
  
• ; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log
  
• ;error_log = log/php-fpm.log
  
• error_log = /var/log/php-fpm.log
  
• 
  
• ; syslog_facility is used to specify what type of program is logging the
  
• ; message. This lets syslogd specify that messages from different facilities
  
• ; will be handled differently.
  
• ; See syslog(3) for possible values (ex daemon equiv LOG_DAEMON)
  
• ; Default Value: daemon
  
• ;syslog.facility = daemon
  
• 
  
• ; syslog_ident is prepended to every message. If you have multiple FPM
  
• ; instances running on the same server, you can change the default value
  
• ; which must suit common needs.
  
• ; Default Value: php-fpm
  
• ;syslog.ident = php-fpm
  
• 
  
• ; Log level
  
• ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug
  
• ; Default Value: notice
  
• ;log_level = notice
  
• 
  
• ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time
  
• ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value
  
• ; of '0' means 'Off'.
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0
  
• emergency_restart_threshold = 10
  
• 
  
• ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when
  
• ; a graceful restart will be initiated.  This can be useful to work around
  
• ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator's shared memory.
  
• ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
  
• ; Default Unit: seconds
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ;emergency_restart_interval = 0
  
• emergency_restart_interval = 1m
  
• 
  
• ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master.
  
• ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
  
• ; Default Unit: seconds
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ;process_control_timeout = 0
  
• process_control_timeout = 5m
  
• 
  
• ; The maximum number of processes FPM will fork. This has been design to control
  
• ; the global number of processes when using dynamic PM within a lot of pools.
  
• ; Use it with caution.
  
• ; Note: A value of 0 indicates no limit
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ; process.max = 128
  
• 
  
• ; Send FPM to background. Set to 'no' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging.
  
• ; Default Value: yes
  
• ;daemonize = yes
  
• daemonize = yes
  
• 
  
• ; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process.
  
• ; Default Value: system defined value
  
• ;rlimit_files = 1024
  
• rlimit_files = 65535
  
• 
  
• ; Set max core size rlimit for the master process.
  
• ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
  
• ; Default Value: system defined value
  
• ;rlimit_core = 0
  
• rlimit_core = 0
  
• 
  
• ; Specify the event mechanism FPM will use. The following is available:
  
• ; - select     (any POSIX os)
  
• ; - poll       (any POSIX os)
  
• ; - epoll      (linux >= 2.5.44)
  
• ; - kqueue     (FreeBSD >= 4.1, OpenBSD >= 2.9, NetBSD >= 2.0)
  
• ; - /dev/poll  (Solaris >= 7)
  
• ; - port       (Solaris >= 10)
  
• ; Default Value: not set (auto detection)
  
• ; events.mechanism = epoll
  
• 
  
• ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  
• ; Pool Definitions ;
  
• ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
  
• 
  
• ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening
  
• ; ports and different management options.  The name of the pool will be
  
• ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which
  
• ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :)
  
• 
  
• ; Start a new pool named 'www'.
  
• ; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the
  
• ; pool name ('www' here)
  
• [www]
  
• 
  
• ; Per pool prefix
  
• ; It only applies on the following directives:
  
• ; - 'slowlog'
  
• ; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
  
• ; - 'chroot'
  
• ; - 'chdir'
  
• ; - 'php_values'
  
• ; - 'php_admin_values'
  
• ; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr/local/web/php) applies instead.
  
• ; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
  
• ; Default Value: none
  
• ;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool
  
• 
  
• ; Unix user/group of processes
  
• ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
  
• ;       will be used.
  
• user = www
  
• group = www
  
• ;user = nobody
  
• ;group = nobody
  
• 
  
• ; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
  
• ; Valid syntaxes are:
  
• ;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on
  
• ;                            a specific port;
  
• ;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a
  
• ;                            specific port;
  
• ;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
  
• ; Note: This value is mandatory.
  
• listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
  
• 
  
• ; Set listen(2) backlog.
  
• ; Default Value: 128 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
  
• ;listen.backlog = 128
  
• 
  
• ; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
  
• ; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
  
• ; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
  
• ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
  
• ;                 mode is set to 0666
  
• ;listen.owner = nobody
  
• ;listen.group = nobody
  
• ;listen.mode = 0666
  
• 
  
• ; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
  
• ; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
  
• ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
  
• ; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
  
• ; accepted from any ip address.
  
• ; Default Value: any
  
• ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
  
• 
  
• ; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
  
• ; Possible Values:
  
• ;   static  - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
  
• ;   dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
  
• ;             following directives. With this process management, there will be
  
• ;             always at least 1 children.
  
• ;             pm.max_children      - the maximum number of children that can
  
• ;                                    be alive at the same time.
  
• ;             pm.start_servers     - the number of children created on startup.
  
• ;             pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
  
• ;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
  
• ;                                    of 'idle' processes is less than this
  
• ;                                    number then some children will be created.
  
• ;             pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
  
• ;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
  
• ;                                    of 'idle' processes is greater than this
  
• ;                                    number then some children will be killed.
  
• ;  ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
  
• ;             new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
  
• ;             pm.max_children           - the maximum number of children that
  
• ;                                         can be alive at the same time.
  
• ;             pm.process_idle_timeout   - The number of seconds after which
  
• ;                                         an idle process will be killed.
  
• ; Note: This value is mandatory.
  
• pm = dynamic
  
• 
  
• ; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
  
• ; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
  
• ; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
  
• ; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
  
• ; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
  
• ; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
  
• ; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
  
• ; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
  
• ; Note: This value is mandatory.
  
• pm.max_children = 128
  
• 
  
• ; The number of child processes created on startup.
  
• ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
  
• ; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
  
• pm.start_servers = 8
  
• 
  
• ; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
  
• ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
  
• ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
  
• pm.min_spare_servers = 8
  
• 
  
• ; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
  
• ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
  
• ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
  
• pm.max_spare_servers = 64
  
• 
  
• ; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
  
• ; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
  
• ; Default Value: 10s
  
• ;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;
  
• 
  
• ; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
  
• ; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
  
• ; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ;pm.max_requests = 500
  
• pm.max_requests = 1024
  
• 
  
• ; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
  
• ; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
  
• ;   pool                 - the name of the pool;
  
• ;   process manager      - static, dynamic or ondemand;
  
• ;   start time           - the date and time FPM has started;
  
• ;   start since          - number of seconds since FPM has started;
  
• ;   accepted conn        - the number of request accepted by the pool;
  
• ;   listen queue         - the number of request in the queue of pending
  
• ;                          connections (see backlog in listen(2));
  
• ;   max listen queue     - the maximum number of requests in the queue
  
• ;                          of pending connections since FPM has started;
  
• ;   listen queue len     - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
  
• ;   idle processes       - the number of idle processes;
  
• ;   active processes     - the number of active processes;
  
• ;   total processes      - the number of idle + active processes;
  
• ;   max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
  
• ;                          has started;
  
• ;   max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
  
• ;                          when pm tries to start more children (works only for
  
• ;                          pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
  
• ; Value are updated in real time.
  
• ; Example output:
  
• ;   pool:                 www
  
• ;   process manager:      static
  
• ;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
  
• ;   start since:          62636
  
• ;   accepted conn:        190460
  
• ;   listen queue:         0
  
• ;   max listen queue:     1
  
• ;   listen queue len:     42
  
• ;   idle processes:       4
  
• ;   active processes:     11
  
• ;   total processes:      15
  
• ;   max active processes: 12
  
• ;   max children reached: 0
  
• ;
  
• ; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
  
• ; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
  
• ; output syntax. Example:
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
  
• ;
  
• ; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
  
• ; query string will also return status for each pool process.
  
• ; Example:
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?full
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
  
• ;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
  
• ; The Full status returns for each process:
  
• ;   pid                  - the PID of the process;
  
• ;   state                - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
  
• ;   start time           - the date and time the process has started;
  
• ;   start since          - the number of seconds since the process has started;
  
• ;   requests             - the number of requests the process has served;
  
• ;   request duration     - the duration in μs of the requests;
  
• ;   request method       - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
  
• ;   request URI          - the request URI with the query string;
  
• ;   content length       - the content length of the request (only with POST);
  
• ;   user                 - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
  
• ;   script               - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
  
• ;   last request cpu     - the %cpu the last request consumed
  
• ;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
  
• ;                          because CPU calculation is done when the request
  
• ;                          processing has terminated;
  
• ;   last request memory  - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
  
• ;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
  
• ;                          because memory calculation is done when the request
  
• ;                          processing has terminated;
  
• ; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
  
• ; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
  
• ; the current request being served.
  
• ; Example output:
  
• ;   ************************
  
• ;   pid:                  31330
  
• ;   state:                Running
  
• ;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
  
• ;   start since:          63087
  
• ;   requests:             12808
  
• ;   request duration:     1250261
  
• ;   request method:       GET
  
• ;   request URI:          /test_mem.php?N=10000
  
• ;   content length:       0
  
• ;   user:                 -
  
• ;   script:               /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
  
• ;   last request cpu:     0.00
  
• ;   last request memory:  0
  
• ;
  
• ; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
  
• ;       It's available in: ${prefix}/share/fpm/status.html
  
• ;
  
• ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
  
• ;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
  
• ;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
  
• ; Default Value: not set
  
• pm.status_path = /status
  
• 
  
• ; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
  
• ; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
  
• ; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
  
• ; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
  
• ; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
  
• ; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
  
• ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
  
• ;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
  
• ;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
  
• ; Default Value: not set
  
• ;ping.path = /ping
  
• 
  
• ; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
  
• ; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
  
• ; Default Value: pong
  
• ;ping.response = pong
  
• 
  
• ; The access log file
  
• ; Default: not set
  
• ;access.log = log/$pool.access.log
  
• 
  
• ; The access log format.
  
• ; The following syntax is allowed
  
• ;  %%: the '%' character
  
• ;  %C: %CPU used by the request
  
• ;      it can accept the following format:
  
• ;      - %{user}C for user CPU only
  
• ;      - %{system}C for system CPU only
  
• ;      - %{total}C  for user + system CPU (default)
  
• ;  %d: time taken to serve the request
  
• ;      it can accept the following format:
  
• ;      - %{seconds}d (default)
  
• ;      - %{miliseconds}d
  
• ;      - %{mili}d
  
• ;      - %{microseconds}d
  
• ;      - %{micro}d
  
• ;  %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
  
• ;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
  
• ;      variable. Some exemples:
  
• ;      - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
  
• ;      - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
  
• ;  %f: script filename
  
• ;  %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
  
• ;  %m: request method
  
• ;  %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
  
• ;      it can accept the following format:
  
• ;      - %{bytes}M (default)
  
• ;      - %{kilobytes}M
  
• ;      - %{kilo}M
  
• ;      - %{megabytes}M
  
• ;      - %{mega}M
  
• ;  %n: pool name
  
• ;  %o: ouput header
  
• ;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
  
• ;      - %{Content-Type}o
  
• ;      - %{X-Powered-By}o
  
• ;      - %{Transfert-Encoding}o
  
• ;      - ....
  
• ;  %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
  
• ;  %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
  
• ;  %q: the query string
  
• ;  %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
  
• ;  %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
  
• ;  %R: remote IP address
  
• ;  %s: status (response code)
  
• ;  %t: server time the request was received
  
• ;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
  
• ;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
  
• ;  %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
  
• ;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
  
• ;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
  
• ;  %u: remote user
  
• ;
  
• ; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s"
  
• ;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"
  
• 
  
• ; The log file for slow requests
  
• ; Default Value: not set
  
• ; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
  
• ;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow
  
• slowlog = /var/log/php-fpm.log.slow
  
• 
  
• ; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
  
• ; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
  
• ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ;request_slowlog_timeout = 0
  
• request_slowlog_timeout = 30s
  
• 
  
• ; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
  
• ; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
  
• ; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
  
• ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
  
• ; Default Value: 0
  
• ;request_terminate_timeout = 0
  
• 
  
• ; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
  
• ; Default Value: system defined value
  
• ;rlimit_files = 1024
  
• 
  
• ; Set max core size rlimit.
  
• ; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
  
• ; Default Value: system defined value
  
• ;rlimit_core = 0
  
• 
  
• ; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
  
• ; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
  
• ; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
  
• ; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
  
• ; will be used instead.
  
• ; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever
  
• ;       possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
  
• ;       (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
  
• ; Default Value: not set
  
• ;chroot =
  
• 
  
• ; Chdir to this directory at the start.
  
• ; Note: relative path can be used.
  
• ; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
  
• ;chdir = /var/www
  
• chdir = /var/www
  
• 
  
• ; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
  
• ; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
  
• ; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
  
• ; process time (several ms).
  
• ; Default Value: no
  
• ;catch_workers_output = yes
  
• 
  
• ; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
  
• ; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
  
• ; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
  
• ; exectute php code.
  
• ; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
  
• ; Default Value: .php
  
• ;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5
  
• 
  
• ; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
  
• ; the current environment.
  
• ; Default Value: clean env
  
• ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
  
• ;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
  
• ;env[TMP] = /tmp
  
• ;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
  
• ;env[TEMP] = /tmp
  
• 
  
• ; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
  
• ; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
  
• ; same as the PHP SAPI:
  
• ;   php_value/php_flag             - you can set classic ini defines which can
  
• ;                                    be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'.
  
• ;   php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
  
• ;                                     PHP call 'ini_set'
  
• ; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.
  
• 
  
• ; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
  
• ; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
  
• ; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
  
• ; instead.
  
• 
  
• ; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
  
• ; (pool, global or /usr/local/web/php)
  
• 
  
• ; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
  
• ;                specified at startup with the -d argument
  
• ;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com
  
• ;php_flag[display_errors] = off
  
• ;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
  
• ;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
  
• ;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
  

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　　4.3Nginx配置

• 
  
• cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
  
• cp nginx.conf.default nginx.conf
  
• vi nginx.conf
  

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　　请根据以下内容修改文件 nginx.conf 的具体内容：

• 
  
• 
  
• 
  
• #user  nobody;
  
• user  www www;
  
• worker_processes  4;
  
• 
  
• error_log  /var/log/nginx_error.log crit;
  
• #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
  
• #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
  
• 
  
• #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
  
• pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
  
• 
  
• 
  
• events {
  
•     worker_connections  65535;
  
• }
  
• 
  
• 
  
• http {
  
•     include       mime.types;
  
•     default_type  application/octet-stream;
  
• 
  
•     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  
•     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  
•     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  
• 
  
•     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
  
•     charset utf-8;
  
•     server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  
•     client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  
•     large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  
•     client_max_body_size 8m;
  
•     sendfile on;
  
•     tcp_nopush on;
  
• 
  
•     #tcp_nopush     on;
  
• 
  
•     #keepalive_timeout  0;
  
•     keepalive_timeout  65;
  
• 
  
•     tcp_nodelay on;
  
•     fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  
•     fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  
•     fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  
•     fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  
•     fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  
•     fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  
•     fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;
  
•     #gzip  on;
  
•     gzip on;
  
•     gzip_min_length 1k;
  
•     gzip_buffers 4 16k;
  
•     gzip_http_version 1.0;
  
•     gzip_comp_level 2;
  
•     gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  
•     gzip_vary on;
  
• 
  
•     server {
  
•         listen       80;
  
•         server_name  localhost;
  
• 
  
•         index index.html index.htm index.php;
  
•         root /var/www;
  
•         #charset koi8-r;
  
• 
  
•         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
  
• 
  
•         location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
  
•                 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  
•                 fastcgi_index index.php;
  
•                 include fastcgi.conf;
  
•         }
  
• 
  
•         #error_page  404              /404.html;
  
• 
  
•         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  
•         #
  
•         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
  
•         location = /50x.html {
  
•             root   html;
  
•         }
  
• 
  
•         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
  
•         #
  
•         #location ~ \.php$ {
  
•         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
  
•         #}
  
• 
  
•         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
  
•         #
  
•         #location ~ \.php$ {
  
•         #    root           html;
  
•         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
  
•         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
  
•         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  
•         #    include        fastcgi_params;
  
•         #}
  
• 
  
•         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
  
•         # concurs with nginx's one
  
•         #
  
•         #location ~ /\.ht {
  
•         #    deny  all;
  
•         #}
  
•         log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  
•                 '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  
•                 '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  
• 
  
•         access_log  /var/log/access.log  main;
  
•     }
  
• 
  
• 
  
•     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
  
•     #
  
•     #server {
  
•     #    listen       8000;
  
•     #    listen       somename:8080;
  
•     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
  
• 
  
•     #    location / {
  
•     #        root   html;
  
•     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  
•     #    }
  
•     #}
  
• 
  
• 
  
•     # HTTPS server
  
•     #
  
•     #server {
  
•     #    listen       443;
  
•     #    server_name  localhost;
  
• 
  
•     #    ssl                  on;
  
•     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
  
•     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
  
• 
  
•     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
  
• 
  
•     #    ssl_protocols  SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
  
•     #    ssl_ciphers  ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP;
  
•     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers   on;
  
• 
  
•     #    location / {
  
•     #        root   html;
  
•     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  
•     #    }
  
•     #}
  
• 
  
• }
  

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　　五、启动篇
启动MySQL

• 
  
• cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
  
• chkconfig --add mysql.server ←加入service和开机启动
  
• /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server start ←手动启动，下面设置root密码
  
• /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  
• /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown ←手动关闭
  

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　　启动memcached

• 
  
• chmod 0777 /var/run ←允许普通用户程序写入pid文件
  
• /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -p 11211 -d -u www -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 64M -c 1024
  

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　　参考命令格式：
/usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -p 11211 -l 127.0.0.1 -d -u nobody -P /var/run/memcached.pid -m 64M -c 1024

几个参数的解释：
-p memcached监听的TCP端口
-l 监听的ip地址，127.0.0.1是本机，当然也可以写上你的服务器IP，如：61.150.91.26，这是我服务器的IP地址，如果你需要多个服务器都能够读取这台memcached的缓存数据，那么就必须设定这个ip
-d 以daemon方式运行，将程序放入后台
-u memcached的运行用户，我设定的是nobody
-P memcached的pid文件路径
-m memcached可以使用的最大内存数量
-c memcached同时可以接受的最大的连接数
如果你希望以socket方式来访问memcached，那么在启动的时候就必须去掉 -l和-p参数，并加上-s参数：
-s memcached的socket文件路径

启动mephp-fpm和nginx

• 
  
• ulimit -SHn 65535
  
• /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
  
• /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  

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　　以将这3条语句写入/etc/rc.local文件，
这样每次开机就可以启动php-fpm和nginx了。

优化Linux内核参数

• vi /etc/sysctl.conf
  

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　　在文件末尾增加以下内容：

• 
  
• # append
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
  
• net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
  
• net.core.somaxconn = 32768
  
• 
  
• net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
  
• net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
  
• net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
  
• net.core.wmem_max = 16777216
  
• 
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
  
• #net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
  
• net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800
  
• 
  
• #net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
  
• #net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
  
• net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535
  
• 
  

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　　使配置立即生效：

• /sbin/sysctl -p
  

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　　六． References & thanks
 http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/
 http://blog.csdn.net/shagoo/archive/2008/08/05/2772418.aspx
 http://php-fpm.org/download/
 http://janwer.javaeye.com/blog/210952
 http://blog.iyunv.com/u/31547/showart_493408.html
 http://www.yanghengfei.com/archives/294/
 http://bbs.linuxsky.org/thread-5561-1-1.html