ORACLE用户常用数据字典的查询

宗政志

　　查看当前用户的缺省表空间
SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;

查看当前用户的角色
SQL>select * from user_role_privs;

查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限
SQL>select * from user_sys_privs;
SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;

查看用户下所有的表
SQL>select * from user_tables;

1、用户

查看当前用户的缺省表空间
SQL>select username,default_tablespace from user_users;

查看当前用户的角色
SQL>select * from user_role_privs;

查看当前用户的系统权限和表级权限
SQL>select * from user_sys_privs;
SQL>select * from user_tab_privs;

显示当前会话所具有的权限
SQL>select * from session_privs;

显示指定用户所具有的系统权限
SQL>select * from dba_sys_privs where grantee='GAME';


2、表

查看用户下所有的表
SQL>select * from user_tables;

查看名称包含log字符的表
SQL>select object_name,object_id from user_objects
where instr(object_name,'LOG')>0;

查看某表的创建时间
SQL>select object_name,created from user_objects where object_name=upper('&table_name');

查看某表的大小
SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments
where segment_name=upper('&table_name');

查看放在ORACLE的内存区里的表
SQL>select table_name,cache from user_tables where instr(cache,'Y')>0;

3、索引

查看索引个数和类别
SQL>select index_name,index_type,table_name from user_indexes order by table_name;

查看索引被索引的字段
SQL>select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');

查看索引的大小
SQL>select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as "size(M)" from user_segments
where segment_name=upper('&index_name');

4、序列号

查看序列号，last_number是当前值
SQL>select * from user_sequences;

5、视图

查看视图的名称
SQL>select view_name from user_views;

查看创建视图的select语句
SQL>set view_name,text_length from user_views;
SQL>set long 2000; 说明：可以根据视图的text_length值设定set long 的大小
SQL>select text from user_views where view_name=upper('&view_name');

6、同义词

查看同义词的名称
SQL>select * from user_synonyms;

7、约束条件

查看某表的约束条件
SQL>select constraint_name, constraint_type,search_condition, r_constraint_name
from user_constraints where table_name = upper('&table_name');

SQL>select c.constraint_name,c.constraint_type,cc.column_name
from user_constraints c,user_cons_columns cc
where c.owner = upper('&table_owner') and c.table_name = upper('&table_name')
and c.owner = cc.owner and c.constraint_name = cc.constraint_name
order by cc.position;

8、存储函数和过程

查看函数和过程的状态
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='FUNCTION';
SQL>select object_name,status from user_objects where object_type='PROCEDURE';

查看函数和过程的源代码
SQL>select text from all_source where ōwner=user and name=upper('&plsql_name');
　　--==============================================
　　1、查看表空间的名称及大小
　　
 
　　select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size
    from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
    where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
    group by t.tablespace_name;
　　




2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小

  select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
  round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
  from dba_data_files
  order by tablespace_name;




3、查看回滚段名称及大小

  select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status,
  (initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent,
  max_extents, v.curext CurExtent
  From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
  Where r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
  order by segment_name ;




4、查看控制文件

  select name from v$controlfile;




5、查看日志文件

  select member from v$logfile;




6、查看表空间的使用情况

  select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name
  from dba_free_space
  group by tablespace_name;

  SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
  (B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
  FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
  WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;




7、查看数据库库对象

  select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status;




8、查看数据库的版本　

  Select version FROM Product_component_version
  Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle';




9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式

  Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database;




1、查看当前所有对象

SQL> select * from tab;




2、建一个和a表结构一样的空表

SQL> create table b as select * from a where 1=2;

SQL> create table b(b1,b2,b3) as select a1,a2,a3 from a where 1=2;




3、察看数据库的大小，和空间使用情况

SQL> col tablespace format a20
SQL> select b.file_id　　文件ID,
　　b.tablespace_name　　表空间,
　　b.file_name　　　　　物理文件名,
　　b.bytes　　　　　　　总字节数,
　　(b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)))　　　已使用,
　　sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))　　　　　　　　剩余,
　　sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100　剩余百分比
　　from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
　　where a.file_id=b.file_id
　　group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.file_id,b.bytes
　　order by b.tablespace_name
　　/
　　dba_free_space --表空间剩余空间状况
　　dba_data_files --数据文件空间占用情况




4、查看现有回滚段及其状态

SQL> col segment format a30
SQL> SELECT SEGMENT_NAME,OWNER,TABLESPACE_NAME,SEGMENT_ID,FILE_ID,STATUS FROM DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS;




5、查看数据文件放置的路径

SQL> col file_name format a50
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name from dba_data_files order by file_id;




6、显示当前连接用户

SQL> show user




7、把SQL*Plus当计算器

SQL> select 100*20 from dual;




8、连接字符串

SQL> select 列1||列2 from 表1;
SQL> select concat(列1,列2) from 表1;




9、查询当前日期

SQL> select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd,hh24:mi:ss') from dual;




10、用户间复制数据

SQL> copy from user1 to user2 create table2 using select * from table1;




11、视图中不能使用order by，但可用group by代替来达到排序目的

SQL> create view a as select b1,b2 from b group by b1,b2;




12、通过授权的方式来创建用户

SQL> grant connect,resource to test identified by test;

SQL> conn test/test




How to find the tablespace of a table?

SELECT tablespace_name
FROM all_tables
WHERE table_name = 'YOURTABLENAME';




How to remove duplicate rows from a table

If the unique/primary keys can be identified from the table, it is easier to remove the records from the table using the following query:
DELETE FROM tablename
WHERE rowid not in (SELECT MIN(rowid)
FROM tablename
GROUP BY column1, column2, column3...);
Here column1, column2, column3 constitute the identifying key for each record.
If the keys cannot be identified for the table, you may create a temporary table using the query
CREATE TABLE temptablename
AS SELECT DISTINCT *
FROM tablename;
Then drop the original table and rename the temp table to original tablename.