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[经验分享] ORACLE start with conect by 详解

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发表于 2016-8-4 16:32:09 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  <table>
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  " vAlign="top " width="670 " align="left ">
  <span id="articlecontent " onmouseup="NewHighlight(event)" onmousedown="newhighlight = true;
  ">
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  <h1 style="color: rgb(75, 75, 75);
  font - family: Verdana,
  Geneva,
  Arial,
  Helvetica,
  sans - serif;
  font - size: 14.7px;
  margin - bottom: 10px;
  " class="postTitle ">
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200);
  text - decoration: none;
  " id="cb_post_title_url " class="postTitle2 " href="http: //www.cnblogs.com/caroline/archive/2011/12/25/2301083.html">
  ORACLE--Connect By、Level、Start With的使用(Hierarchical query-层次查询)
  </a>
  </h1>
  <div style="color: rgb(75, 75, 75); line-height: 19px; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; word-break: normal !important;"
  id="cnblogs_post_body">
  <table style="border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); width: 1026px;"
  border="1" cellSpacing="1" cellPadding="2" bgColor="#d8d8c4">
  <tbody>
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  <td style="border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); padding: 3px; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-size: 12px; word-break: normal !important;">
  <span style="line-height: 18px; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">
  Syntax 1
  </span>
  </td>
  <td style="border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); padding: 3px; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-size: 12px; word-break: normal !important;">
  <span style="line-height: 18px; font-family: Courier;">
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://psoug.org/definition/CONNECT_BY.htm">
  CONNECT BY
  </a>
  &nbsp;[NOCYCLE] &lt;condition&gt;&nbsp;
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://psoug.org/definition/START_WITH.htm">
  START WITH
  </a>
  &nbsp;&lt;condition&gt;
  </span>
  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
  <td style="border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); padding: 3px; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-size: 12px; word-break: normal !important;">
  <span style="line-height: 18px; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;">
  Syntax 2
  </span>
  </td>
  <td style="border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(192, 192, 192); padding: 3px; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); font-size: 12px; word-break: normal !important;">
  <span style="line-height: 18px; font-family: Courier;">
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://psoug.org/definition/START_WITH.htm">
  START WITH
  </a>
  &nbsp;&lt;condition&gt;&nbsp;
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://psoug.org/definition/CONNECT_BY.htm">
  CONNECT BY
  </a>
  &nbsp;[NOCYCLE] &lt;condition&gt;
  </span>
  </td>
  </tr>
  </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  参考网址:
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:489772591421">
  http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:489772591421
  </a>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://psoug.org/reference/connectby.html">
  http://psoug.org/reference/connectby.html
  </a>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.oradev.com/connect_by.jsp">
  http://www.oradev.com/connect_by.jsp
  </a>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
  <a style="color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;" href="http://philip.greenspun.com/sql/trees.html">
  http://philip.greenspun.com/sql/trees.html
  </a>
  <br>
  查找员工编号为7369的领导:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  ,E.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  EMP E CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  E.EMPNO START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  7876
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  ORDER
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  DESC
  </span>
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0000.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  "
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
  start with
  </span>
  " -- this identifies all LEVEL=1 nodes in the tree
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  "
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
  connect by
  </span>
  " -- describes how to walk from the parent nodes above to their children
  and&nbsp;
  <br>
  their childrens children.
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  Easiest to use an example on emp. If we start with "where mgr is NULL",
  we generate the&nbsp;
  <br>
  set of employees that have no mgr (they are the top of the tree). If we
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
  CONNECT BY PRIOR EMPNO = /* current */ MGR
  </span>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  that will take all of the PRIOR records (the start with at first) and
  find all records&nbsp;
  <br>
  such that the MGR column equals their EMPNO (find all the records of people
  managed by&nbsp;
  <br>
  the people we started with).
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  <br>
  使用WITH语句优化查询结果:
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
  优化等级
  </span>
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
  <span style="line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_copy">
  <a style="border: currentColor !important; color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;"
  title="复制代码" href="">
   DSC0001.gif
  </a>
  </span>
  </div>
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  A
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  (
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  MAX
  </span>
  (
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  )
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  +
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  1
  </span>
  LVL
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  EMP E
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  E.EMPNO
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  </span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  7876
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  ORDER
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  DESC
  </span>
  )
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  7
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  A.LVL 最高等级加1,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  8
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  当前等级,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  9
  </span>
  A.LVL
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  -
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  优化后等级,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  10
  </span>
  E.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  A,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  11
  </span>
  EMP E CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  E.EMPNO START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  7876
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  ORDER
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  DESC
  </span>
  </pre>
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
  <span style="line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_copy">
  <a style="border: currentColor !important; color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;"
  title="复制代码" href="">
  
  </a>
  </span>
  </div>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0002.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  查找员工编号为7839的所有下属(7839为king):
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  等级, E.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  EMP E
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  E.MGR
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  7839
  </span>
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0003.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  --构造整个的层次结构
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  select
  </span>
  lpad(
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  level
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  2
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  )
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  ename ename, empno, mgr
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  from
  </span>
  emp
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  MGR
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0004.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  So, KING is the start with set then JONES BLAKE and CLARK fall under him.
  Each of them&nbsp;
  <br>
  becomes the&nbsp;
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);">
  PRIOR record in turn and their trees are expanded.
  </span>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  <br>
  <br>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  使用Connect By 结合 level构造虚拟行:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  DUAL CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  &lt;
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  5
  </span>
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0005.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  使用rownum实现类似的功能:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  DUAL CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  &lt;
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  5
  </span>
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0006.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  ---------------------待续-----------------------
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  使用UNION ALL构造两层节点的树:
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  视图如下所示:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
  <span style="line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_copy">
  <a style="border: currentColor !important; color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;"
  title="复制代码" href="">
  
  </a>
  </span>
  </div>
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  CREATE
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  OR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  REPLACE
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  VIEW
  </span>
  TREE_VIEW
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  rootnodeid,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  xxxx有限责任公司
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  treename,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  -1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  parent_id
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  dual
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  7
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  UNION
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  8
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  9
  </span>
  to_char(d.deptno),
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  10
  </span>
  d.dname
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  _
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  d.loc,
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  11
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  parent_id
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  12
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  dept d;
  </pre>
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
  <span style="line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_copy">
  <a style="border: currentColor !important; color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;"
  title="复制代码" href="">
  
  </a>
  </span>
  </div>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  查询语句:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  T.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  TREE_VIEW T
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  T.PARENT_ID
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  -1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <br>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR T.ROOTNODEID
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  T.PARENT_ID
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0007.png
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 102, 0);">
  -----以下为更新内容:
  </span>
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  1、先查看总共有几个等级:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  COUNT
  </span>
  (
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  )
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  < /span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  < /span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.MGR
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  ;
  < /pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0008.png
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  2、查看每个等级的人数。主要是通过LEVEL进行GROUP BY
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  COUNT
  < /span>
  (
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  )
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  < /span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  < /span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.MGR
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  GROUP
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  ;
  < /pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC0009.png
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  3、Oracle 10g提供了一个简单的connect_by_isleaf=1,
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  0表示非叶子节点
  < /p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  < /span>
  等级, CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  是否是叶子节点, E.
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  < /span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  < /span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.MGR
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC00010.png
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  4、SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  Oracle 9i提供了sys_connect_by_path(column, char), 其中column是字符型或能自动转
  < /p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  换成字符型的列名。它的主要目的就是将父节点到当前节点的”path”按照指定的模式展现出现。这个函数只能使用在层次查询中。
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
  class="cnblogs_code">
  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  等级,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  是否是叶子节点,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  < /span>
  LPAD(
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  -
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  1
  </span>
  )
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH(ENAME,
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  =&gt;
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  )
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  </span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  </span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  ;
  </pre>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC00011.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  5、修剪树枝和节点:
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC00012.png
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;" align="left">
  &nbsp; &nbsp; 过滤掉编号是7566的数据(修剪节点),他指的是把这个节点给裁掉,但是并没有破坏树结构,它的子节点还是可以正常的显示。
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px;
  padding: 5px;
  border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204);
  overflow: auto;
  font - family: "Courier New";
  font - size: 12px;
  background - color: rgb(245, 245, 245);
  ' class="cnblogs_code">
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
  <span style="line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_copy">
  <a style="border: currentColor !important; color: rgb(26, 139, 200); text-decoration: none;"
  title="复制代码" href="">
  
  </a>
  </span>
  </div>
  <pre style='font - family: "Courier New";
  margin - top: 0px;
  margin - bottom: 0px;
  white - space: pre - wrap;
  word - wrap: break - word;
  '>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  等级,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  是否是叶子节点,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  LPAD(
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  2
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  -
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  1
  < /span>
  )
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH(ENAME,
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  =&gt;
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  ),
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  < /span>
  E.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WHERE
  < /span>
  e.empno
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  !=
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  7566
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  7
  </span>
  CONNECT
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  < /span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  8
  </span>
  START
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  < /span>
  E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  < /span>
  ;
  </pre>
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  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC00013.jpg
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  裁掉编号是7698的节点和它的子节点:
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
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  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  等级,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  < /span>
  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  是否是叶子节点,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  LPAD(
  < span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  -
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  1
  </span>
  )
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH(ENAME,
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  = &gt;
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  ),
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  </span>
  E.
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  < /span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  7
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  AND
  </span>
  E.EMPNO
  < span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  !=
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  7698
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  8
  < /span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.MGR
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  ;
  < /pre>
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
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  </span>
  </div>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;
  ">
  <img style="border: 0px currentColor;
  " alt="" src="http: //image60.360doc.com/DownloadImg/2013/04/2216/31821006_15.png">
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  6、CONNECT_BY_ROOT的使用,oracle10g新增connect_by_root,用在列名之前表示此行的根节点的相同列名的值。
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); overflow: auto; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12px; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245);'
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  <pre style='font-family: "Courier New"; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; white-space: pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;'>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  等级,
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  是否是叶子节点,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  CONNECT_BY_ROOT ENAME,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  < /span>
  LPAD(
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  2
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  -
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  1
  </span>
  )
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH(ENAME,
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  =&gt;
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  ),
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  </span>
  E.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  7
  </span>
  CONNECT
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  8
  </span>
  START
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  </span>
  E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  </span>
  ;
  </pre>
  <div style="margin-top: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_toolbar">
  <span style="line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5px;" class="cnblogs_code_copy">
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  title="复制代码" href="">
  
  </a>
  </span>
  </div>
  </div>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  &nbsp;
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
   DSC00014.png
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;" align="left">
  对于层次查询如果用order by排序,比如order by last_name则是先做完层次获得level,然后按last_name 排序,这样破坏了层次,比如特别关注某行的深度,按level&nbsp;排序,也是会破坏层次的。在oracle10g中,增加了siblings
  关键字的排序。
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;" align="left">
  语法:order siblings by &lt;expre&gt;
  </p>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  它会保护层次,并且在每个等级中按expre排序。
  </p>
  <div style='margin: 5px 0px;
  padding: 5px;
  border: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204);
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  <pre style='font - family: "Courier New";
  margin - top: 0px;
  margin - bottom: 0px;
  white - space: pre - wrap;
  word - wrap: break - word;
  '>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  1
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  SELECT
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  等级,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  2
  </span>
  CONNECT_BY_ISLEAF
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  AS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  是否是叶子节点,
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  3
  </span>
  LPAD(
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  ,
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  LEVEL
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  2
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  -
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5; font-weight: bold;">
  1
  < /span>
  )
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  ||
  </span>
  SYS_CONNECT_BY_PATH(ENAME,
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  =&gt;
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  '
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  ),
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  4
  < /span>
  E.
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  *
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  5
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  FROM
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  EMP E
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  6
  </span>
  CONNECT
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  < /span>
  PRIOR E.EMPNO
  <span style="color: rgb(128, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  =
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 1.5;">
  E.MGR
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  7
  </span>
  START
  < span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  WITH
  < /span>
  E.MGR
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  IS
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  NULL
  < /span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 128, 128); line-height: 1.5;">
  8
  </span>
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  ORDER
  < /span>
  SIBLINGS
  <span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); line-height: 1.5;">
  BY
  </span>
  E.ENAME;
  < /pre>
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  <p style="margin: 10px auto;
  ">
  <img style="border: 0px currentColor;
  " alt="" src="http: //image60.360doc.com/DownloadImg/2013/04/2216/31821006_17.png">
  </p>
  <h3 style="margin: 10px 0px; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: Verdana; font-size: 14px; background-image: none; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat;">
  <span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0); line-height: 21px;">
  connect_by_iscycle(存在循环,将返回1,否则返回0)
  </span>
  </h3>
  <p style="margin: 10px auto;">
  The CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE pseudocolumn returns 1 if the current row has a
  child which is also its ancestor. Otherwise it returns 0.&nbsp;
  <br>
  You can specify CONNECT_BY_ISCYCLE only if you have specified the NOCYCLE
  parameter of the CONNECT BY clause. NOCYCLE enables Oracle to return the
  results of a query that would otherwise fail because of a CONNECT BY loop
  in the data.
  </p>
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