SQL> --表中原始数据SQL> select * from user_sd1104;ID PASS NAME---- ---- -------1005 1234 chengzh1004 1234 hahah1003 1222 fdfdfdf1002 1234 v1v2v21001 2345 liyiSQL> set autot on expSQL> --ORACLE根据动态采样执行计划使用HASH JOINSQL> SELECT u1.id, u1.password, u2.id, u2.password2 FROM user_sd1104 u13 LEFT OUTER JOIN user_sd1104 u24 ON u1.password = u2.password;ID PASS ID PASS---- ---- ---- ----1002 1234 1005 12341004 1234 1005 12341005 1234 1005 12341002 1234 1004 12341004 1234 1004 12341005 1234 1004 12341003 1222 1003 12221002 1234 1002 12341004 1234 1002 12341005 1234 1002 12341001 2345 1001 2345已选择11行。执行计划----------------------------------------------------------Plan hash value: 2237943440----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 8 | 192 | 7 (15)| 00:00:01 ||* 1 | HASH JOIN OUTER | | 8 | 192 | 7 (15)| 00:00:01 || 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| USER_SD1104 | 5 | 60 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 || 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| USER_SD1104 | 5 | 60 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):---------------------------------------------------1 - access("U1"."PASSWORD"="U2"."PASSWORD"(+))Note------ dynamic sampling used for this statementSQL> --强制执行计划使用NEST LOOPSQL> SELECT/*+use_nl(u1,u2)*/ u1.id, u1.password, u2.id, u2.password2 FROM user_sd1104 u13 LEFT OUTER JOIN user_sd1104 u24 ON u1.password = u2.password;ID PASS ID PASS---- ---- ---- ----1005 1234 1005 12341005 1234 1004 12341005 1234 1002 12341004 1234 1005 12341004 1234 1004 12341004 1234 1002 12341003 1222 1003 12221002 1234 1005 12341002 1234 1004 12341002 1234 1002 12341001 2345 1001 2345已选择11行。执行计划----------------------------------------------------------Plan hash value: 769104428----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 8 | 192 | 9 (0)| 00:00:01 || 1 | NESTED LOOPS OUTER| | 8 | 192 | 9 (0)| 00:00:01 || 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| USER_SD1104 | 5 | 60 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 ||* 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| USER_SD1104 | 2 | 24 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):---------------------------------------------------3 - filter("U1"."PASSWORD"="U2"."PASSWORD"(+))Note------ dynamic sampling used for this statementSQL> --强制执行计划使用merg joinSQL> SELECT/*+use_merge(u1,u2)*/ u1.id, u1.password, u2.id, u2.password2 FROM user_sd1104 u13 LEFT OUTER JOIN user_sd1104 u24 ON u1.password = u2.password;ID PASS ID PASS---- ---- ---- ----1003 1222 1003 12221004 1234 1004 12341004 1234 1002 12341004 1234 1005 12341002 1234 1004 12341002 1234 1002 12341002 1234 1005 12341005 1234 1004 12341005 1234 1002 12341005 1234 1005 12341001 2345 1001 2345已选择11行。执行计划----------------------------------------------------------Plan hash value: 1751357394-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 8 | 192 | 8 (25)| 00:00:01 || 1 | MERGE JOIN OUTER | | 8 | 192 | 8 (25)| 00:00:01 || 2 | SORT JOIN | | 5 | 60 | 4 (25)| 00:00:01 || 3 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| USER_SD1104 | 5 | 60 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 ||* 4 | SORT JOIN | | 5 | 60 | 4 (25)| 00:00:01 || 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| USER_SD1104 | 5 | 60 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Predicate Information (identified by operation id):---------------------------------------------------4 - access("U1"."PASSWORD"="U2"."PASSWORD"(+))filter("U1"."PASSWORD"="U2"."PASSWORD"(+))Note------ dynamic sampling used for this statementSQL> /*总结:从表面上看,NEST LOOP执行计划(第二种)最可能是意料中的顺序。因此两表连接,结果的最终顺序是与执行计划有关的。并且在不强制使用采用某种连接方式之前,你无法确定oracle采用什么执行计划。所以数据的顺序可能是无法确定的。因此,如果你需要按某种顺序输出最好增加order by来排序。从另外一个方面来说,是否使用HINT来强制使用某种连接方式来确定顺序就好呢?回答是否定的,因为这样可能不是SQL最优的执行方式。不要捡了芝麻丢掉西瓜!*/
原帖:http://topic.csdn.net/u/20110609/23/6aa6389d-699d-42ff-be97-bee1d82836d8.html?98354
HASH JOIN ,MERGE JOIN ,NESTED LOOP:
[1].http://blogold.iyunv.com/u1/46451/showart_415529.html
Oracle中的Hash Join祥解:
[1].http://www.hellodba.com/reader.php?ID=144&lang=cn
[2].http://www.remote-dba.net/pl_sql/t_oracle_hash_joins.htm
Using hints with join methods:
[1].http://guyharrison.squarespace.com/blog/2009/8/30/using-hints-with-join-methods.html |