Spring+MyBatis实践——工程配置

andyyuduo

　　工程架构如图：

 

　　1、pom.xml

<properties>
<junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>
<spring.version>3.0.7.RELEASE</spring.version>
<dbcp.version>1.4</dbcp.version>
<fileupload.version>1.2.2</fileupload.version>
<commons.io.version>2.4</commons.io.version>
<jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
<asm.version>3.3</asm.version>
<aspectj.version>1.7.0</aspectj.version>
<cglib.version>2.2</cglib.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring 配置 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 用于事务支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aopalliance -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dbcp数据源 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>${dbcp.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- DBCP数据源依赖于commons-pool类包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
<version>1.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl标签库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>${jstl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Aspectj 支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>asm</groupId>
<artifactId>asm</artifactId>
<version>${asm.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
<version>1.5.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjtools</artifactId>
<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 用于创建代理的CGlib包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>${cglib.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis-spring -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.26</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
　　2、Spring容器配置
　　为了方便Bean的管理，将Spring的配置文件分为了多个，主要的配置文件为spring-main.xml;
　　spring-main.xml；

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">
<import resource="spring-datasources.xml"/>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
</beans>

　　spring-main.xml主要负责引入其他Spring的配置文件。
　　MyBatis配置;
　　mybatisConfig.xml；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false"/>
</settings>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="User" type="com.crazysnail.domain.User"/>
<typeAlias alias="Blog" type="com.crazysnail.domain.Blog"/>
<typeAlias alias="Comment" type="com.crazysnail.domain.Comment"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 指定接口的实现映射文件；如果此处未指定，可以在配置SqlSessionFactory时，通过SqlSessionFactory的mapperLocations属性配置 -->
<!--     <mappers> -->
<!--   <mapper resource="com/crazysnail/domain/mybatis/User.xml"/>   -->
<!--     </mappers> -->
</configuration>
　　MyBatis的配置文件中主要为实体类声明了别名，方便后期使用；
　　spring-datasources.xml；

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 引入数据库配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"
p:driverClassName="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
p:url="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/crazysnailweb?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"
p:username="root"
p:password="123456"
p:maxIdle="10"
p:minIdle="10" />
<!-- 其中p:mapperLocations指定数据库操作文件的地址 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"
p:dataSource-ref="dataSource"
p:configLocation="classpath:mybatisConfig.xml"
p:mapperLocations="classpath:com/crazysnail/domain/mybatisConfig/*.xml"
/>
<!-- mybatis数据访问的核心模板 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 用于将接口映射为具体的实例 ，使得在Service中可以直接注入相关的Dao接口来进行数据访问-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"
p:sqlSessionFactory-ref="sqlSessionFactory"
p:basePackage="com.crazysnail.dao"
/>
</beans>

　　spring-datasources.xml主要包括数据源的配置和MyBatis用于数据库访问的关键组件sqlSessionFactory和数据访问的核心模板SqlSessionTemplate的配置；
　　其中，MapperScannerConfigurer配置，实现了将接口中声明的方法映射到具体的SqlSessionFactoryBean配置中p:mapperLocations所指定的数据库操作文件的作用，就像是通过Dao接口声明的方法，通过xml数据库操作文件进行了实现。具体机制，还有待学习。
　　spring-service.xml；

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding ="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.crazysnail.service" />
<!-- 对标注@Transactional注解的Bean进行加工处理，以织入事务管理切面 -->
<!-- 默认情况下，<tx:annotation-driven的transaction-manager的值为transactionManager，因而此处可直接简化为 <tx:annotation-driven/>-->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"
p:dataSource-ref = "dataSource"/>
<!-- 对服务层的类提供事务支持 -->
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<aop:pointcut id="serviceMethod" expression="execution(* com.crazysnail.service..*(..))"/>
<!-- 引用事务增强 -->
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" advice-ref="txAdvice" />
</aop:config>
<!-- 事务增强 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!--事务属性定义  -->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="get*" read-only="false"/>
<tx:method name="add*" rollback-for="Exception"/>
<tx:method name="update*"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
</beans>

　　spring-service.xml文件，扫描了服务层所在的包，将@Service标注的Bean注入到Spring容器中。同时，通过aop织入事务增强。
　　3、web.xml配置

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!--指定Spring配置文件的位置-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-main.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 使用Filter进行编码转换 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
<!--不要使用/，使用/*代替才能够真正起作用，还需要配置在ContextLoaderListener后才能起作用 -->
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 用户权限控制 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>authenFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.crazysnail.filter.AuthenFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>authenFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/user/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup> 1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file> index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

　　web.xml文件中，指定了Spring容器配置文件的位置，通过ContextLoaderListener来启动Spring容器，通过CharacterEncodingFilter来对Jsp页面中的Request请求编码进行配置，通过authenFilter配置了自定义的权限控制过滤器。
　　4、servlet配置
　　dispatcher-servlet.xml；

<?xml version= "1.0" encoding ="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 -->  
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 静态资源映射 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="./js/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/user/js/**" location="./js/" /><!-- 设置权限的静态资源访问 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="./css/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/user/css/**" location="./css/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/fonts/**" location="./fonts/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/user/fonts/**" location="./fonts/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="./img/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/user/img/**" location="./img/" />
<!-- 当上面要访问的静态资源不包括在上面的配置中时，则根据此配置来访问 -->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.crazysnail.controller"/>   
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
p:prefix="/WEB-INF/views/"
p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>

　　servlet配置文件主要指定了URL映射的相关规则，将URL的控制器通过扫描controller包放置到Spring容器中，指定了视图解析器，用于将Controller中返回的逻辑视图名映射到具体的jsp文件。
　　另外，由于在web.xml中配置的servlet对应的servlet-mapping匹配的url为"/"，表明每个链接都会由dispatcher进行分发，而在jsp页面中引入的js、css、图片等静态资源无法通过servlet分发来找到对应资源，此时需要配置静态资源映射。
　　总结：
　　1）将MyBatis添加到Spring中时，MyBatis自身的配置文件mybatisConfig.xml文件主要为实体类声明了别名，方便在数据库操作的xml文件中使用；
　　2）在Spring的关于数据源、数据访问配置时，引入MyBatis进行数据操作的关键对象SqlSessionFactoryBean和数据访问的模板SqlSessionTemplate；
　　3）为了将MyBatis配置的别名起作用，在配置SqlSessionFactoryBean时，通过p:configLocation="classpath:mybatisConfig.xml"，在Spring中引入了MyBatis的相关配置。