示例:
#类定义class people:#定义基本属性name = ''age = 0#定义私有属性,私有属性在类外部无法直接进行访问__weight = 0#定义构造方法def __init__(self,n,a,w):self.name = nself.age = aself.__weight = wdef speak(self):print("%s is speaking: I am %d years old" %(self.name,self.age))p = people('tom',10,30)p.speak()
二、继承类定义:
1.单继承
class <类名>(父类名)
<语句>
eg.
class childbook(book)
age = 10
#单继承示例class student(people):grade = ''def __init__(self,n,a,w,g):#调用父类的构函people.__init__(self,n,a,w)self.grade = g#覆写父类的方法def speak(self):print("%s is speaking: I am %d years old,and I am in grade %d"%(self.name,self.age,self.grade))s = student('ken',20,60,3)s.speak()
2.类的多重继承
class 类名(父类1,父类2,....,父类n)
<语句1>
需要注意圆括号中父类的顺序,若是父类中有相同的方法名,而在子类使用时未指定,python从左至右搜索
即方法在子类中未找到时,从左到右查找父类中是否包含方法
#另一个类,多重继承之前的准备class speaker():topic = ''name = ''def __init__(self,n,t):self.name = nself.topic = tdef speak(self):print("I am %s,I am a speaker!My topic is %s"%(self.name,self.topic))#多重继承class sample(speaker,student):a =''def __init__(self,n,a,w,g,t):student.__init__(self,n,a,w,g)speaker.__init__(self,n,t)test = sample("Tim",25,80,4,"Python")test.speak()#方法名同,默认调用的是在括号中排前地父类的方法