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[经验分享] windows下使用redis

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发表于 2018-6-22 06:08:38 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  下载地址:https://github.com/dmajkic/redis/downloads 下载下来的包里有两个,
  一个是32位的,一个是64位的。根据自己的实情情况选择,我的是32bit,
  把这个文件夹复制到其它地方,比如D:\redis 目录下。
  打开一个cmd窗口  使用cd命令切换目录到d:\redis  运行 redis-server.exe redis.conf
  如果想方便的话,可以把redis的路径加到系统的环境变量里,这样就省得再输路径了,后面的那个redis.conf可以省略,如果省略,会启用默认的。输入之后,会显示如下界面:

  这时候别启一个cmd窗口,原来的不要关闭,不然就无法访问服务端了
  切换到redis目录下运行 redis-cli.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 出现下图:

  这时候,就已经完成配置了,现在说下它的的redis.conf配置文件。
  [plain] view plaincopy

  •   001
  •   # Redis configuration file example
  •   002

  •   003
  •   # Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specifiy
  •   004
  •   # it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:
  •   005
  •   #
  •   006
  •   # 1k => 1000 bytes
  •   007
  •   # 1kb => 1024 bytes
  •   008
  •   # 1m => 1000000 bytes
  •   009
  •   # 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes
  •   010
  •   # 1g => 1000000000 bytes
  •   011
  •   # 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes
  •   012
  •   #
  •   013
  •   # units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.
  •   014

  •   015
  •   # By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
  •   016
  •   # Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
  •   017
  •   daemonize no
  •   018
  •   Redis默认不是以守护进程的方式运行,可以通过该配置项修改,使用yes启用守护进程
  •   019

  •   020
  •   # When running daemonized, Redis writes a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by
  •   021
  •   # default. You can specify a custom pid file location here.
  •   022
  •   pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
  •   023
  •   当Redis以守护进程方式运行时,Redis默认会把pid写入/var/run/redis.pid文件,可以通过pidfile指定
  •   024
  •   # Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379.
  •   025
  •   # If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.
  •   026
  •   port 6379
  •   027
  •   指定Redis监听端口,默认端口为6379
  •   028
  •   # If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not
  •   029
  •   # specified all the interfaces will listen for incoming connections.
  •   030
  •   #
  •   031
  •   # bind 127.0.0.1
  •   032
  •   绑定的主机地址
  •   033
  •   # Specify the path for the unix socket that will be used to listen for
  •   034
  •   # incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen
  •   035
  •   # on a unix socket when not specified.  www.iyunv.com
  •   036
  •   #
  •   037
  •   # unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock
  •   038
  •   # unixsocketperm 755
  •   039

  •   040
  •   # Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
  •   041
  •   timeout 0
  •   042
  •   当 客户端闲置多长时间后关闭连接,如果指定为0,表示关闭该功能
  •   043
  •   # Set server verbosity to 'debug'
  •   044
  •   # it can be one of:
  •   045
  •   # debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
  •   046
  •   # verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)
  •   047
  •   # notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
  •   048
  •   # warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
  •   049
  •   loglevel verbose
  •   050
  •   指定日志记录级别,Redis总共支持四个级别:debug、verbose、notice、warning,默认为verbose
  •   051
  •   # Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force
  •   052
  •   # Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
  •   053
  •   # output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
  •   054
  •   logfile stdout
  •   055
  •   日志记录方式,默认为标准输出,如果配置Redis为守护进程方式运行,而这里又配置为日志记录方式为标准输出,则日志将会发送给/dev/null
  •   056
  •   # To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes,
  •   057
  •   # and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.
  •   058
  •   # syslog-enabled no
  •   059

  •   060
  •   # Specify the syslog identity.
  •   061
  •   # syslog-ident redis
  •   062

  •   063
  •   # Specify the syslog facility.  Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7.
  •   064
  •   # syslog-facility local0
  •   065

  •   066
  •   # Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
  •   067
  •   # a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
  •   068
  •   # dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
  •   069
  •   databases 16  www.iyunv.com
  •   070
  •   设置数据库的数量,默认数据库为0,可以使用SELECT <dbid>命令在连接上指定数据库id
  •   071
  •   ################################ SNAPSHOTTING  #################################
  •   072
  •   #
  •   073
  •   # Save the DB on disk:
  •   074
  •   #
  •   075
  •   #   save <seconds> <changes>
  •   076
  •   #
  •   077
  •   #   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
  •   078
  •   #   number of write operations against the DB occurred.
  •   079
  •   #
  •   080
  •   #   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
  •   081
  •   #   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
  •   082
  •   #   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
  •   083
  •   #   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
  •   084
  •   #
  •   085
  •   #   Note: you can disable saving at all commenting all the "save" lines.
  •   086

  •   087
  •   save 900 1
  •   088
  •   save 300 10
  •   089
  •   save 60 10000
  •   090
  •   分别表示900秒(15分钟)内有1个更改,300秒(5分钟)内有10个更改以及60秒内有10000个更改。
  •   091
  •   指定在多长时间内,有多少次更新操作,就将数据同步到数据文件,可以多个条件配合
  •   092
  •   # Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
  •   093
  •   # For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
  •   094
  •   # If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
  •   095
  •   # the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
  •   096
  •   rdbcompression yes
  •   097
  •   指定存储至本地数据库时是否压缩数据,默认为yes,Redis采用LZF压缩,如果为了节省CPU时间,可以关闭该选项,但会导致数据库文件变的巨大
  •   098
  •   # The filename where to dump the DB
  •   099
  •   dbfilename dump.rdb
  •   100
  •   指定本地数据库文件名,默认值为dump.rdb
  •   101
  •   # The working directory.
  •   102
  •   #
  •   103
  •   # The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified
  •   104
  •   # above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.
  •   105
  •   #
  •   106
  •   # Also the Append Only File will be created inside this directory.
  •   107
  •   #
  •   108
  •   # Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.
  •   109
  •   dir ./
  •   110
  •   指定本地数据库存放目录
  •   111
  •   ################################# REPLICATION #################################
  •   112

  •   113
  •   # Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
  •   114
  •   # another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
  •   115
  •   # so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
  •   116
  •   # different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.  www.iyunv.com
  •   117
  •   #
  •   118
  •   # slaveof <masterip> <masterport>
  •   119
  •   slaveof <masterip> <masterport> 设置当本机为slav服务时,设置master服务的IP地址及端口,在Redis启动时,它会自动从master进行数据同步
  •   120
  •   # If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
  •   121
  •   # directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
  •   122
  •   # starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
  •   123
  •   # refuse the slave request.
  •   124
  •   #
  •   125
  •   # masterauth <master-password>
  •   126
  •   masterauth <master-password> 当master服务设置了密码保护时,slav服务连接master的密码
  •   127
  •   # When a slave lost the connection with the master, or when the replication
  •   128
  •   # is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways:
  •   129
  •   #
  •   130
  •   # 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the slave will
  •   131
  •   #    still reply to client requests, possibly with out of data data, or the
  •   132
  •   #    data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.
  •   133
  •   #
  •   134
  •   # 2) if slave-serve-stale data is set to 'no' the slave will reply with
  •   135
  •   #    an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands
  •   136
  •   #    but to INFO and SLAVEOF.
  •   137
  •   #
  •   138
  •   slave-serve-stale-data yes
  •   139

  •   140
  •   # Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change
  •   141
  •   # this interval with the repl_ping_slave_period option. The default value is 10
  •   142
  •   # seconds.  www.iyunv.com
  •   143
  •   #
  •   144
  •   # repl-ping-slave-period 10
  •   145

  •   146
  •   # The following option sets a timeout for both Bulk transfer I/O timeout and
  •   147
  •   # master data or ping response timeout. The default value is 60 seconds.
  •   148
  •   #
  •   149
  •   # It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value
  •   150
  •   # specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected
  •   151
  •   # every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave.
  •   152
  •   #
  •   153
  •   # repl-timeout 60
  •   154

  •   155
  •   ################################## SECURITY ###################################
  •   156

  •   157
  •   # Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
  •   158
  •   # commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
  •   159
  •   # others with access to the host running redis-server.
  •   160
  •   #
  •   161
  •   # This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
  •   162
  •   # people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
  •   163
  •   #
  •   164
  •   # Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to
  •   165
  •   # 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should
  •   166
  •   # use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.
  •   167
  •   #
  •   168
  •   # requirepass foobared
  •   169
  •   requirepass foobared 设置Redis连接密码,如果配置了连接密码,客户端在连接Redis时需要通过AUTH <password>命令提供密码,默认关闭
  •   170
  •   # Command renaming.
  •   171
  •   #
  •   172
  •   # It is possilbe to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared
  •   173
  •   # environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something
  •   174
  •   # of hard to guess so that it will be still available for internal-use
  •   175
  •   # tools but not available for general clients.
  •   176
  •   #
  •   177
  •   # Example:
  •   178
  •   #
  •   179
  •   # rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52
  •   180
  •   #
  •   181
  •   # It is also possilbe to completely kill a command renaming it into
  •   182
  •   # an empty string:
  •   183
  •   #
  •   184
  •   # rename-command CONFIG ""
  •   185

  •   186
  •   ################################### LIMITS ####################################
  •   187

  •   188
  •   # Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there
  •   189
  •   # is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process
  •   190
  •   # is able to open. The special value '0' means no limits.
  •   191
  •   # Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
  •   192
  •   # an error 'max number of clients reached'.  www.iyunv.com
  •   193
  •   #
  •   194
  •   # maxclients 128
  •   195
  •   maxclients 128 设置同一时间最大客户端连接数,默认无限制,Redis可以同时打开的客户端连接数为Redis进程可以打开的最大文件描述符数,如果设置 maxclients 0,表示不作限制。当客户端连接数到达限制时,Redis会关闭新的连接并向客户端返回max number of clients reached错误信息
  •   196
  •   # Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
  •   197
  •   # When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an
  •   198
  •   # EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire
  •   199
  •   # in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.
  •   200
  •   # Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.
  •   201
  •   #
  •   202
  •   # If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
  •   203
  •   # that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
  •   204
  •   # to reply to most read-only commands like GET.
  •   205
  •   #
  •   206
  •   # WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a
  •   207
  •   # 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real
  •   208
  •   # database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if
  •   209
  •   # it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time
  •   210
  •   # to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get
  •   211
  •   # errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.
  •   212
  •   #
  •   213
  •   # maxmemory <bytes>
  •   214
  •   maxmemory <bytes>指定Redis最大内存限制,Redis在启动时会把数据加载到内存中,达到最大内存后,Redis会先尝试清除已到期或即将到期的Key,当此方法处理 后,仍然到达最大内存设置,将无法再进行写入操作,但仍然可以进行读取操作。Redis新的vm机制,会把Key存放内存,Value会存放在swap区
  •   215
  •   # MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory
  •   216
  •   # is reached? You can select among five behavior:
  •   217
  •   #
  •   218
  •   # volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm
  •   219
  •   # allkeys-lru -> remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm
  •   220
  •   # volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set
  •   221
  •   # allkeys->random -> remove a random key, any key
  •   222
  •   # volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)
  •   223
  •   # noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations
  •   224
  •   #
  •   225
  •   # Note: with all the kind of policies, Redis will return an error on write
  •   226
  •   #       operations, when there are not suitable keys for eviction.
  •   227
  •   #
  •   228
  •   #       At the date of writing this commands are: set setnx setex append
  •   229
  •   #       incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd
  •   230
  •   #       sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby
  •   231
  •   #       zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby
  •   232
  •   #       getset mset msetnx exec sort  www.iyunv.com
  •   233
  •   #
  •   234
  •   # The default is:
  •   235
  •   #
  •   236
  •   # maxmemory-policy volatile-lru
  •   237

  •   238
  •   # LRU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated
  •   239
  •   # algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can select as well the sample
  •   240
  •   # size to check. For instance for default Redis will check three keys and
  •   241
  •   # pick the one that was used less recently, you can change the sample size
  •   242
  •   # using the following configuration directive.
  •   243
  •   #
  •   244
  •   # maxmemory-samples 3
  •   245

  •   246
  •   ############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
  •   247

  •   248
  •   # By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live
  •   249
  •   # with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash
  •   250
  •   # happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot
  •   251
  •   # about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should
  •   252
  •   # enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append
  •   253
  •   # every write operation received in the file appendonly.aof. This file will
  •   254
  •   # be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.
  •   255
  •   #
  •   256
  •   # Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you
  •   257
  •   # like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).
  •   258
  •   # Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the
  •   259
  •   # log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.
  •   260
  •   #
  •   261
  •   # IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append
  •   262
  •   # log file in background when it gets too big.
  •   263

  •   264
  •   appendonly no
  •   265
  •   appendonly no指定是否在每次更新操作后进行日志记录,Redis在默认情况下是异步的把数据写入磁盘,如果不开启,可能会在断电时导致一段时间内的数据丢失。因为 redis本身同步数据文件是按上面save条件来同步的,所以有的数据会在一段时间内只存在于内存中。默认为no
  •   266
  •   # The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")
  •   267
  •   # appendfilename appendonly.aof
  •   268
  •   appendfilename appendonly.aof指定更新日志文件名,默认为appendonly.aof
  •   269
  •   # The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
  •   270
  •   # instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
  •   271
  •   # data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
  •   272
  •   #
  •   273
  •   # Redis supports three different modes:
  •   274
  •   #
  •   275
  •   # no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
  •   276
  •   # always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
  •   277
  •   # everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.
  •   278
  •   #
  •   279
  •   # The default is "everysec" that's usually the right compromise between
  •   280
  •   # speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to
  •   281
  •   # "no" that will will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
  •   282
  •   # it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
  •   283
  •   # some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),
  •   284
  •   # or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than
  •   285
  •   # everysec.  www.iyunv.com
  •   286
  •   #
  •   287
  •   # If unsure, use "everysec".
  •   288

  •   289
  •   # appendfsync always
  •   290
  •   appendfsync everysec
  •   291
  •   # appendfsync no
  •   292
  •   指定更新日志条件,共有3个可选值:
  •   293
  •   no:表示等操作系统进行数据缓存同步到磁盘(快)
  •   294
  •   always:表示每次更新操作后手动调用fsync()将数据写到磁盘(慢,安全)
  •   295
  •   everysec:表示每秒同步一次(折衷,默认值)
  •   296
  •   # When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background
  •   297
  •   # saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is
  •   298
  •   # performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations
  •   299
  •   # Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for
  •   300
  •   # this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block
  •   301
  •   # our synchronous write(2) call.
  •   302
  •   #
  •   303
  •   # In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option
  •   304
  •   # that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a
  •   305
  •   # BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.
  •   306
  •   #
  •   307
  •   # This means that while another child is saving the durability of Redis is
  •   308
  •   # the same as "appendfsync none", that in pratical terms means that it is
  •   309
  •   # possible to lost up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the
  •   310
  •   # default Linux settings).
  •   311
  •   #
  •   312
  •   # If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as
  •   313
  •   # "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.
  •   314
  •   no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
  •   315

  •   316
  •   # Automatic rewrite of the append only file.
  •   317
  •   # Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling
  •   318
  •   # BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size will growth by the specified percentage.
  •   319
  •   #
  •   320
  •   # This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the
  •   321
  •   # latest rewrite (or if no rewrite happened since the restart, the size of
  •   322
  •   # the AOF at startup is used).
  •   323
  •   #
  •   324
  •   # This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is
  •   325
  •   # bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also
  •   326
  •   # you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this
  •   327
  •   # is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase
  •   328
  •   # is reached but it is still pretty small.
  •   329
  •   #
  •   330
  •   # Specify a precentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF
  •   331
  •   # rewrite feature.  www.iyunv.com
  •   332

  •   333
  •   auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
  •   334
  •   auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
  •   335

  •   336
  •   ################################## SLOW LOG ###################################
  •   337

  •   338
  •   # The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified
  •   339
  •   # execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations
  •   340
  •   # like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,
  •   341
  •   # but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only
  •   342
  •   # stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve
  •   343
  •   # other requests in the meantime).
  •   344
  •   #
  •   345
  •   # You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis
  •   346
  •   # what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the
  •   347
  •   # command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the
  •   348
  •   # slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the
  •   349
  •   # queue of logged commands.
  •   350

  •   351
  •   # The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent
  •   352
  •   # to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while
  •   353
  •   # a value of zero forces the logging of every command.
  •   354
  •   slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
  •   355

  •   356
  •   # There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.
  •   357
  •   # You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.
  •   358
  •   slowlog-max-len 1024
  •   359

  •   360
  •   ################################ VIRTUAL MEMORY ###############################
  •   361

  •   362
  •   ### WARNING! Virtual Memory is deprecated in Redis 2.4
  •   363
  •   ### The use of Virtual Memory is strongly discouraged.
  •   364

  •   365
  •   ### WARNING! Virtual Memory is deprecated in Redis 2.4
  •   366
  •   ### The use of Virtual Memory is strongly discouraged.
  •   367

  •   368
  •   # Virtual Memory allows Redis to work with datasets bigger than the actual
  •   369
  •   # amount of RAM needed to hold the whole dataset in memory.
  •   370
  •   # In order to do so very used keys are taken in memory while the other keys
  •   371
  •   # are swapped into a swap file, similarly to what operating systems do
  •   372
  •   # with memory pages.  www.iyunv.com
  •   373
  •   #
  •   374
  •   # To enable VM just set 'vm-enabled' to yes, and set the following three
  •   375
  •   # VM parameters accordingly to your needs.
  •   376

  •   377
  •   vm-enabled no
  •   378
  •   指定是否启用虚拟内存机制,默认值为no,简单的介绍一下,VM机制将数据分页存放,由Redis将访问量较少的页即冷数据swap到磁盘上,访问多的页面由磁盘自动换出到内存中(在后面的文章我会仔细分析Redis的VM机制)
  •   379
  •   # vm-enabled yes
  •   380

  •   381
  •   # This is the path of the Redis swap file. As you can guess, swap files
  •   382
  •   # can't be shared by different Redis instances, so make sure to use a swap
  •   383
  •   # file for every redis process you are running. Redis will complain if the
  •   384
  •   # swap file is already in use.
  •   385
  •   #
  •   386
  •   # The best kind of storage for the Redis swap file (that's accessed at random)
  •   387
  •   # is a Solid State Disk (SSD).
  •   388
  •   #
  •   389
  •   # *** WARNING *** if you are using a shared hosting the default of putting
  •   390
  •   # the swap file under /tmp is not secure. Create a dir with access granted
  •   391
  •   # only to Redis user and configure Redis to create the swap file there.
  •   392
  •   vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap
  •   393
  •   虚拟内存文件路径,默认值为/tmp/redis.swap,不可多个Redis实例共享
  •   394
  •   # vm-max-memory configures the VM to use at max the specified amount of
  •   395
  •   # RAM. Everything that deos not fit will be swapped on disk *if* possible, that
  •   396
  •   # is, if there is still enough contiguous space in the swap file.
  •   397
  •   #
  •   398
  •   # With vm-max-memory 0 the system will swap everything it can. Not a good
  •   399
  •   # default, just specify the max amount of RAM you can in bytes, but it's
  •   400
  •   # better to leave some margin. For instance specify an amount of RAM
  •   401
  •   # that's more or less between 60 and 80% of your free RAM.
  •   402
  •   vm-max-memory 0  www.iyunv.com
  •   403
  •   将所有大于vm-max-memory的数据存入虚拟内存,无论vm-max-memory设置多小,所有索引数据都是内存存储的(Redis的索引数据 就是keys),也就是说,当vm-max-memory设置为0的时候,其实是所有value都存在于磁盘。默认值为0
  •   404
  •   # Redis swap files is split into pages. An object can be saved using multiple
  •   405
  •   # contiguous pages, but pages can't be shared between different objects.
  •   406
  •   # So if your page is too big, small objects swapped out on disk will waste
  •   407
  •   # a lot of space. If you page is too small, there is less space in the swap
  •   408
  •   # file (assuming you configured the same number of total swap file pages).
  •   409
  •   #
  •   410
  •   # If you use a lot of small objects, use a page size of 64 or 32 bytes.
  •   411
  •   # If you use a lot of big objects, use a bigger page size.
  •   412
  •   # If unsure, use the default :)
  •   413
  •   vm-page-size 32
  •   414
  •   Redis swap文件分成了很多的page,一个对象可以保存在多个page上面,但一个page上不能被多个对象共享,vm-page-size是要根据存储的 数据大小来设定的,作者建议如果存储很多小对象,page大小最好设置为32或者64bytes;如果存储很大大对象,则可以使用更大的page,如果不 确定,就使用默认值
  •   415
  •   # Number of total memory pages in the swap file.
  •   416
  •   # Given that the page table (a bitmap of free/used pages) is taken in memory,
  •   417
  •   # every 8 pages on disk will consume 1 byte of RAM.
  •   418
  •   #
  •   419
  •   # The total swap size is vm-page-size * vm-pages
  •   420
  •   #
  •   421
  •   # With the default of 32-bytes memory pages and 134217728 pages Redis will
  •   422
  •   # use a 4 GB swap file, that will use 16 MB of RAM for the page table.
  •   423
  •   #
  •   424
  •   # It's better to use the smallest acceptable value for your application,
  •   425
  •   # but the default is large in order to work in most conditions.
  •   426
  •   vm-pages 134217728
  •   427
  •   设置swap文件中的page数量,由于页表(一种表示页面空闲或使用的bitmap)是在放在内存中的,,在磁盘上每8个pages将消耗1byte的内存。
  •   428
  •   # Max number of VM I/O threads running at the same time.
  •   429
  •   # This threads are used to read/write data from/to swap file, since they
  •   430
  •   # also encode and decode objects from disk to memory or the reverse, a bigger
  •   431
  •   # number of threads can help with big objects even if they can't help with
  •   432
  •   # I/O itself as the physical device may not be able to couple with many
  •   433
  •   # reads/writes operations at the same time.  www.iyunv.com
  •   434
  •   #
  •   435
  •   # The special value of 0 turn off threaded I/O and enables the blocking
  •   436
  •   # Virtual Memory implementation.
  •   437
  •   vm-max-threads 4
  •   438
  •   设置访问swap文件的线程数,最好不要超过机器的核数,如果设置为0,那么所有对swap文件的操作都是串行的,可能会造成比较长时间的延迟。默认值为4
  •   439
  •   ############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
  •   440

  •   441
  •   # Hashes are encoded in a special way (much more memory efficient) when they
  •   442
  •   # have at max a given numer of elements, and the biggest element does not
  •   443
  •   # exceed a given threshold. You can configure this limits with the following
  •   444
  •   # configuration directives.
  •   445
  •   hash-max-zipmap-entries 512
  •   446
  •   hash-max-zipmap-value 64
  •   447
  •   指定在超过一定的数量或者最大的元素超过某一临界值时,采用一种特殊的哈希算法
  •   448
  •   # Similarly to hashes, small lists are also encoded in a special way in order
  •   449
  •   # to save a lot of space. The special representation is only used when
  •   450
  •   # you are under the following limits:
  •   451
  •   list-max-ziplist-entries 512
  •   452
  •   list-max-ziplist-value 64
  •   453

  •   454
  •   # Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed
  •   455
  •   # of just strings that happens to be integers in radix 10 in the range
  •   456
  •   # of 64 bit signed integers.
  •   457
  •   # The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the
  •   458
  •   # set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.
  •   459
  •   set-max-intset-entries 512  www.iyunv.com
  •   460

  •   461
  •   # Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in
  •   462
  •   # order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and
  •   463
  •   # elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:
  •   464
  •   zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
  •   465
  •   zset-max-ziplist-value 64
  •   466

  •   467
  •   # Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in
  •   468
  •   # order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level
  •   469
  •   # keys to values). The hash table implementation redis uses (see dict.c)
  •   470
  •   # performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into an hash table
  •   471
  •   # that is rhashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the
  •   472
  •   # server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used
  •   473
  •   # by the hash table.
  •   474
  •   #
  •   475
  •   # The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to
  •   476
  •   # active rehashing the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.
  •   477
  •   #
  •   478
  •   # If unsure:
  •   479
  •   # use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is
  •   480
  •   # not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply form time to time
  •   481
  •   # to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.
  •   482
  •   #
  •   483
  •   # use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but
  •   484
  •   # want to free memory asap when possible.
  •   485
  •   activerehashing yes  www.iyunv.com
  •   486

  •   487
  •   ################################## INCLUDES ###################################
  •   488

  •   489
  •   # Include one or more other config files here.  This is useful if you
  •   490
  •   # have a standard template that goes to all redis server but also need
  •   491
  •   # to customize a few per-server settings.  Include files can include
  •   492
  •   # other files, so use this wisely.
  •   493
  •   #
  •   494
  •   # include /path/to/local.conf
  •   495
  •   # include /path/to/other.conf
  •   496
  指定包含其它的配置文件,可以在同一主机上多个Redis实例之间使用同一份配置文件,而同时各个实例又拥有自己的特定配置文件

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