"""
This is the "example" module.
The example module supplies one function, factorial(). For example,
>>> factorial(5)
120
"""
def factorial(n):
"""Return the factorial of n, an exact integer >= 0.
If the result is small enough to fit in an int, return an int.
Else return a long.
>>> [factorial(n) for n in range(6)]
[1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120]
>>> [factorial(long(n)) for n in range(6)]
[1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120]
>>> factorial(30)
265252859812191058636308480000000L
>>> factorial(30L)
265252859812191058636308480000000L
>>> factorial(-1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: n must be >= 0
Factorials of floats are OK, but the float must be an exact integer:
>>> factorial(30.1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: n must be exact integer
>>> factorial(30.0)
265252859812191058636308480000000L
It must also not be ridiculously large:
>>> factorial(1e100)
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
OverflowError: n too large
"""
import math
if not n >= 0:
raise ValueError("n must be >= 0")
if math.floor(n) != n:
raise ValueError("n must be exact integer")
if n+1 == n: # catch a value like 1e300
raise OverflowError("n too large")
result = 1
factor = 2
while factor >>
加上参数-v,则会在打印出每个尝试的细节日志,并在最后给出一个统计概要。
Trying:
factorial(5)
Expecting:
120
ok
Trying:
[factorial(n) for n in range(6)]
Expecting:
[1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120]
ok
Trying:
[factorial(long(n)) for n in range(6)]
Expecting:
[1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120]
ok
Trying:
factorial(30)
Expecting:
265252859812191058636308480000000L
ok
Trying:
factorial(30L)
Expecting:
265252859812191058636308480000000L
ok
Trying:
factorial(-1)
Expecting:
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: n must be >= 0
ok
Trying:
factorial(30.1)
Expecting:
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: n must be exact integer
ok
Trying:
factorial(30.0)
Expecting:
265252859812191058636308480000000L
ok
Trying:
factorial(1e100)
Expecting:
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
OverflowError: n too large
ok
2 items passed all tests:
1 tests in __main__
8 tests in __main__.factorial
9 tests in 2 items.
9 passed and 0 failed.
Test passed.
复制代码
如何使用呢,比如说我们编写了一个模块M,在docstring中写了输入-输出,那么只要在文档中加入以下代码即可:
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
复制代码 自从Python2.6之后,可以直接在命令行敲上命令运行testmod()来检测: