linux系统下搭建squid服务

212dqw

squid配置
1. 什么是squid
squid可以做代理也可以做缓存
squid缓存不仅可以节省宝贵的带宽资源，也可以大大降低服务器的I/O.  
squid不仅可以做正向代理，又可以做反向代理。
正向代理，squid后面是客户端，客户端上网要通过Squid去上；反向代理，squid后面是服务器，服务器返回给用户数据需要走squid.
正向代理用在企业的办公环境中，员工上网需要通过squid代理来上网，这样可以节省网络带宽资源。而反向代理用来搭建网站静态项(图片、html、流媒体、js、css等)的缓存服务器，它用于网站架构中。

2. 搭建squid正向代理
[root@webserver ~]# yum install -y squid
[root@webserver ~]# squid -v   //查看版本以及编译参数
Squid Cache: Version 3.1.10
*****************************
[root@webserver ~]# > /etc/squid/squid.conf
[root@webserver ~]# vi /etc/squid/squid.conf
http_port 3128
acl manager proto cache_object
acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 ::1
acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0/32 ::1
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8     # RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12  # RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16 # RFC1918 possible internal network
acl SSL_ports port 443
acl Safe_ports port 80 8080         # http
acl Safe_ports port 21          # ftp
acl Safe_ports port 443         # https
acl CONNECT method CONNECT
http_access allow manager localhost
http_access deny manager
http_access deny !Safe_ports
http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports
http_access allow localnet
http_access allow localhost
http_access allow all
cache_dir aufs /data/cache 1024 16 256
cache_mem 128 MB
hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ?
coredump_dir /var/spool/squid
refresh_pattern ^ftp:           1440    20%     10080
refresh_pattern ^gopher:        1440    0%      1440
refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0     0%      0
refresh_pattern \.(jpg|png|gif|mp3|xml) 1440    50%     2880    ignore-reload
refresh_pattern .               0       20%     4320
[root@webserver ~]# mkdir  /data/cache   //创建缓存目录
[root@webserver ~]# chown -R squid:squid /data/cache  //更改权限
[root@webserver ~]# squid -z  //初始化缓存目录，该步骤可以省略
[root@webserver ~]# /etc/init.d/squid start
正在启动 squid：                                           [确定]
[root@webserver ~]# squid -kcheck  //检测squid配置文件是否正确
2015/05/27 01:52:29| WARNING: Could not determine this machines public hostname. Please configure one or set 'visible_hostname'.
2015/05/27 01:52:30| WARNING: Could not determine this machines public hostname. Please configure one or set 'visible_hostname'.
[root@webserver ~]# vi /etc/squid/squid.conf  //在配置文件添加

visible_hostname aminglinux.com

[root@webserver ~]# squid -kcheck
[root@webserver ~]# squid -krec
[root@webserver ~]# service squid restart
停止 squid：................                               [确定]
正在启动 squid：.                                          [确定]

[root@hpf-linux mnt]# curl -x192.168.1.222:3128 www.qq.com -I
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Server: squid/3.4.1
Date: Tue, 26 May 2015 12:33:09 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=GB2312
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Expires: Tue, 26 May 2015 12:34:09 GMT
Cache-Control: max-age=60
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Cache: HIT from tianjin.qq.com
X-Cache: MISS from aminglinux.com
X-Cache-Lookup: MISS from aminglinux.com:3128
Via: 1.0 aminglinux.com (squid/3.1.10)
Connection: keep-alive

限制不能访问某些域名：
[root@webserver ~]# vi /etc/squid/squid.conf   //在squid配置文件内添加如下内容
acl http proto HTTP
acl bad_domain dstdomain .taobao.com .jd.com
http_access deny http bad_domain  
[root@webserver ~]# squid -kche
[root@webserver ~]# squid -krec
[root@hpf-linux mnt]# curl -x192.168.1.222:3128 www.jd.com -I
HTTP/1.0 403 Forbidden
Server: squid/3.1.10
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Tue, 26 May 2015 18:08:11 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 3264
X-Squid-Error: ERR_ACCESS_DENIED 0
Vary: Accept-Language
Content-Language: en
X-Cache: MISS from aminglinux.com
X-Cache-Lookup: NONE from aminglinux.com:3128
Via: 1.0 aminglinux.com (squid/3.1.10)
Connection: keep-alive
[root@hpf-linux mnt]# curl -x192.168.1.222:3128 www.jd222.com -I
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Server: nginx
Date: Tue, 26 May 2015 12:40:52 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Powered-By: PHP/5.3.28
X-Cache: MISS from aminglinux.com
X-Cache-Lookup: MISS from aminglinux.com:3128
Via: 1.0 aminglinux.com (squid/3.1.10)
Connection: keep-alive

在浏览器上进行测试：




3. 搭建squid反向代理
[root@webserver ~]# vi /etc/squid/squid.conf
http_port 3128 改为 http_port 80 accel vhost vport
增加如下内容：
cache_peer 123.125.119.147 parent 80 0 originserver name=a
cache_peer 61.135.169.125 parent 80 0 originserver name=b
cache_peer_domain a www.qq.com
cache_peer_domain b www.baidu.com
之前增加的域名白/黑名单相关配置去掉
[root@webserver ~]# squid -kche
[root@webserver ~]# squid -krec
[root@webserver ~]# service squid restart
停止 squid：................                               [确定]
正在启动 squid：.                                          [确定]
[root@hpf-linux mnt]# curl -x192.168.1.222:80 www.qq.com -I
HTTP/1.0 200 OK
Server: squid/3.4.1
Date: Tue, 26 May 2015 13:00:45 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=GB2312
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Expires: Tue, 26 May 2015 13:01:45 GMT
Cache-Control: max-age=60
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Cache: HIT from tianjin.qq.com
X-Cache: MISS from aminglinux.com
X-Cache-Lookup: MISS from aminglinux.com:80
Via: 1.0 aminglinux.com (squid/3.1.10)
Connection: keep-alive

[root@hpf-linux mnt]# curl -x192.168.1.222:80 www.aminglinux.com -I
HTTP/1.0 503 Service Unavailable
Server: squid/3.1.10
Mime-Version: 1.0
Date: Tue, 26 May 2015 18:29:06 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 3455
X-Squid-Error: ERR_CANNOT_FORWARD 0
Vary: Accept-Language
Content-Language: en
X-Cache: MISS from aminglinux.com
X-Cache-Lookup: MISS from aminglinux.com:80
Via: 1.0 aminglinux.com (squid/3.1.10)
Connection: keep-alive