基于windows平台中的系统配置、管理与维护的某些命令

温柔1饿

   1.    获取网站服务器的IP地址
C:\>ping www.hao123.com
Pinginghao123.n.shifen.com [111.13.100.2] with 32 bytes of data:
Replyfrom 111.13.100.2: bytes=32 time=63ms TTL=52
……
Pingstatistics for 111.13.100.2:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0(0% loss),
Approximateround trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 63ms, Maximum = 63ms, Average= 63ms

2. 测试主机中的host文件是否有问题

C:\>pinglocalhost
PingingYDGNU2NTKE504WC [127.0.0.1] with 32 bytes of data:
Replyfrom 127.0.0.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
……
Pingstatistics for 127.0.0.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0(0% loss),
Approximateround trip times in milli-seconds:

Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average =0ms

3.    检测指定服务器的路由是否存在故障

C:\>tracert www.163.com
Tracingroute to c01.i125pxbjx.hadns.net [117.169.16.156]
overa maximum of 30 hops:
  1    *        *        *    Request timed out.
  2   <1 ms    <1 ms    <1 ms 192.168.200.1
  3    15ms     2 ms     2 ms 223.82.185.33
  4     2ms     2 ms     2 ms 120.203.191.17
  5     9ms     7 ms     7 ms 211.138.213.121
  6    39ms    62 ms     7 ms 117.169.9.6
  7    *        *        *    Request timed out.
  8     7ms     7 ms     7 ms 117.169.16.156
Tracecomplete.

4.    检测DNS服务器工作是否正常

C:\>nslookup  www.sohu.com
Server:  cache.jx.chinamobile.com
Address:  211.141.90.68
Non-authoritativeanswer:
Name:    fahyd.a.sohu.com
Address:  112.29.145.64
Aliases:  www.sohu.com, gs.a.sohu.com

5.    检测本机网卡、IP地址信息

C:\>netsh
netsh>diag
netshdiag>show ip
IP 地址
     1. [00000001] Realtek PCIe GBE FamilyController
        IPAddress = 192.168.12.26
     2. [00000010] VMware Virtual EthernetAdapter for VMnet1
        IPAddress = 192.168.78.1
     3. [00000011] VMware Virtual EthernetAdapter for VMnet8
        IPAddress = 192.168.152.1

netsh diag>

6.    检测本机所有适配器

C:\>netsh
netsh>diag
netshdiag>show adapter
Network适配器
     1. [00000001] Realtek PCIe GBE FamilyController
     2. [00000010] VMware Virtual EthernetAdapter for VMnet1
     3. [00000011] VMware Virtual EthernetAdapter for VMnet8
netshdiag>

7.    检测本机中每个适配器的DNS服务器

netshdiag>show dns
DNS服务器
     1. [00000001] Realtek PCIe GBE FamilyController
        DNSServerSearchOrder = 211.141.90.68
netshdiag>

8.    检测网关

netshdiag>show gateway
默认网关
     1. [00000001] Realtek PCIe GBE FamilyController
        DefaultIPGateway = 192.168.12.1 相同子网

9.    检测本机DNS服务器是否工作正常

netshdiag>ping dns
DNS服务器
     1. [00000001] Realtek PCIe GBE FamilyController
        DNSServerSearchOrder = 211.141.90.68
                正在用 32 字节数据Ping 211.141.90.68:
                应答来自 211.141.90.68: 字节=32 时间=6ms TTL=6
                应答来自 211.141.90.68: 字节=32 时间=8ms TTL=8
                应答来自 211.141.90.68: 字节=32 时间=6ms TTL=6
                应答来自 211.141.90.68: 字节=32 时间=13ms TTL=13
                211.141.90.68 的 Ping 统计:
                    包: 已发送 = 4，已收到 = 4，已丢失 = 0(0% 丢失)
                以毫秒为单位的大约来回行程的时间:
                    最小值 = 6ms, 最大值 = 13ms, 平均值 = 8ms

10. 查看当前本机活动的TCP连接状态

C:\>netstat
ActiveConnections
  Proto Local Address          ForeignAddress        State
  TCP   YDGNU2NTKE504WC:2797   .:http                 CLOSE_WAIT
  TCP   YDGNU2NTKE504WC:2798  120.198.203.176:http   TIME_WAIT
  TCP   YDGNU2NTKE504WC:2799  120.198.203.176:http   TIME_WAIT
  TCP   YDGNU2NTKE504WC:4267   210.52.214.176:http    ESTABLISHED
  TCP   YDGNU2NTKE504WC:4682  101.199.97.105:http    ESTABLISHED


11．使用convert命令将FAT32分区格式转换为NTFS分区格式
D:\>convertc:/fs:ntfs
驱动器 C: 已经变成 NTFS。