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[经验分享] 新版keeplived + MySQL双主自动切换

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发表于 2016-12-9 08:47:05 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
### 新版keeplived + MySQL双主自动切换 ###
参考网址：

http://biancheng.dnbcw.info/mysql/381020.html
###一、网络结构  ###
    VIP 10.125.141.249
    mysq1m1 10.125.141.138 主1(相对而言是主库)
    mysqlm2 192.168.88.131 主2(相对而言是备库)
### 二、主要步骤 ###
    一 mysql 主主同步
    二 安装keepalived
    三 keepalived 主备配置文件
    四 mysql状态检测脚本/root/keepalived_check_mysql.sh
    五 启动keepalived
    六 测试
### 三、详细步骤 ###
#### 3.1、mysql双主搭建####

    这里省略.....
    说明：数据库testA和testB分别在mysqlm1和mysqlm2上，testDB是通过主主复制获得，便于后面的测试.
#### 3.2、kepplived安装配置 ####
3.2.1、如果之前已经安装过，这里可以清理一下环境。

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# find / -name "keepalived"
    /usr/local/keepalived
    /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived
    /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived
    /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
    /usr/sbin/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.2.7/bin/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.2.7/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.2.7/keepalived/etc/keepalived
    /etc/keepalived
    /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
    /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]#

    rm -rf /usr/local/keepalived
    rm -rf /usr/sbin/keepalived
    rm -rf /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.2.7
    rm -rf /etc/keepalived
    rm -rf /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
    rm -rf /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
  
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /usr/sbin/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /usr/sbin/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.2.7
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /etc/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# rm -rf /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
3.2.2 下载并安装

    http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.2.tar.gz
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# cd /gomeo2o/soft/
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 soft]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.2.tar.gz
     --2016-12-08 15:20:33--  http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.3.2.tar.gz
    Resolving www.keepalived.org... 37.59.63.157, 2001:41d0:8:7a9d::1
    Connecting to www.keepalived.org|37.59.63.157|:80... connected.
    HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
    Length: 648434 (633K) [application/x-gzip]
    Saving to: “keepalived-1.3.2.tar.gz”
   
    100%[=========================================================================================>] 648,434     22.8K/s   in 24s     
   
    2016-12-08 15:20:58 (25.9 KB/s) - “keepalived-1.3.2.tar.gz” saved [648434/648434]

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 soft]#

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 soft]# tar -zxf keepalived-1.3.2.tar.gz
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 soft]# cd keepalived-1.3.2
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 keepalived-1.3.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keeplived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]# make && make install
3.2.3 查看keeplived位置

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 keepalived-1.3.2]#  find / -name "keepalived"
    /usr/local/keeplived/sbin/keepalived
    /usr/local/keeplived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    /usr/local/keeplived/etc/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/bin/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/etc/keepalived
    /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 keepalived-1.3.2]#
3.2.4 复制文件
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]# cp /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/etc/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]# cp /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]# mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]# cp /gomeo2o/soft/keepalived-1.3.2/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]#
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 keepalived-1.3.2]# cp /usr/local/keeplived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
3.2.5 修改配置文件

    主备配置文件不同处有3处：分别是 state、 nopreempt、 priority 参考资料里有详细说明作用
    10.125.141.138的配置如下：
    vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    ! Configuration File for keepalived
    global_defs {
       notification_email {
             liweiwei@gomeplus.com
       }
       notification_email_from liweiwei@gomeplus.com
       smtp_connect_timeout 3
       smtp_server mail.gomeplus.com
       router_id MySQL-ha141
    }
    vrrp_script check_run {
       script "/root/keepalived_check_mysql.sh"
       interval 5
    }
    vrrp_sync_group 141138 {
        group {
              VI_1
        }
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state BACKUP
        interface eth0
        virtual_router_id 249
        priority 100
        advert_int 1
        nopreempt
        authentication {
            auth_type pass
            auth_pass 12345678
        }
        track_script {
            check_run
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            10.125.141.249
        }
    }

    10.125.141.139的配置如下：
    vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    ! Configuration File for keepalived
    global_defs {
       notification_email {
             liweiwei@gomeplus.com
       }
       notification_email_from liweiwei@gomeplus.com
       smtp_connect_timeout 3
       smtp_server mail.gomeplus.com
       router_id MySQL-ha141
    }
    vrrp_script check_run {
       script "/root/keepalived_check_mysql.sh"
       interval 5
    }
    vrrp_sync_group 141138 {
        group {
              VI_1
        }
    }
    vrrp_instance VI_1 {
        state BACKUP
        interface eth0
        virtual_router_id 249
        priority 99
        advert_int 1
        # nopreempt
        authentication {
            auth_type pass
            auth_pass 12345678
        }
        track_script {
            check_run
        }
        virtual_ipaddress {
            10.125.141.249
        }
    }

### 四、创建检测脚本 ###
    由于mysql高版本在shell命令行中带密码的时候，会多出一行告警提示，导致检测失败。所以这里先创建一个利用配置文件登陆mysql的参数文件。
    mysql> create user 'chkuser'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'chkuser1234';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    mysql> grant all on *.* to 'chkuser'@'127.0.0.1';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# cat /root/client.cnf
    [client]
    host=127.0.0.1
    user=chkuser
    password=chkuser1234
    port=3306
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# vim /root/keepalived_check_mysql.sh
    #!/bin/bash
    MYSQL=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
    CHECK_TIME=3
    #mysql  is working MYSQL_OK is 1 , mysql down MYSQL_OK is 0
    MYSQL_OK=1
    function check_mysql_helth (){
        $MYSQL --defaults-file=/root/client.cnf -e "show status;" >/dev/null 2>&1
        if [ $? = 0 ] ;then
        MYSQL_OK=1
        else
        MYSQL_OK=0
        fi
        return $MYSQL_OK
    }
    while [ $CHECK_TIME -ne 0 ]
    do
        let "CHECK_TIME -= 1"
        check_mysql_helth
    if [ $MYSQL_OK = 1 ] ; then
        CHECK_TIME=0
        exit 0
    fi
    if [ $MYSQL_OK -eq 0 ] &&  [ $CHECK_TIME -eq 0 ]
    then
        /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
        exit 1
    fi
    sleep 1
    done
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# chmod +x /root/keepalived_check_mysql.sh
### 五、启动keeplaived服务 ###
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
    Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# ip add
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
        link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
        inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
        link/ether 00:50:56:b9:37:e2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
        inet 10.125.141.138/24 brd 10.125.141.255 scope global eth0
        inet 10.125.141.249/32 scope global eth0
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]#
   

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    ......
    ......
    Dec  8 17:09:26 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:26 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:26 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[13359]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.125.141.249 added
    Dec  8 17:09:31 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:31 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:31 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:31 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:31 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:09:31 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:13:09 bj02-ops-mgotest02 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=8695 PID=8697 SID=8649 UID=0 User=root ip add
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived  start
    Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]#
   
### 六、测试 ###
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# mysql

    mysql> create database testa;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
   
    mysql> create database testb;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
   
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys                |
    | testa              |
    | testb              |
    +--------------------+
    6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
   
    mysql>

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# mysql
   
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    | sys                |
    | testa              |
    | testb              |
    +--------------------+
    6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
   
    mysql>
   
停止主库，测试。
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
    Shutting down MySQL (Percona Server)............. SUCCESS!
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# ip add
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:b9:37:e2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.125.141.138/24 brd 10.125.141.255 scope global eth0

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    Dec  8 17:23:15 bj02-ops-mgotest02 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=12914 PID=12916 SID=12873 UID=0 User=root >/var/log/messages
    Dec  8 17:23:17 bj02-ops-mgotest02 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=12914 PID=12916 SID=12873 UID=0 User=root tail -f /var/log/messages
    Dec  8 17:23:20 bj02-ops-mgotest02 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=8695 PID=8697 SID=8649 UID=0 User=root /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
    Dec  8 17:23:23 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived[13358]: Stopping
    Dec  8 17:23:23 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sent 0 priority
    Dec  8 17:23:23 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
    Dec  8 17:23:23 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[13359]: Stopped
    Dec  8 17:23:24 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[13360]: Stopped
    Dec  8 17:23:24 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived[13358]: Stopped Keepalived v1.3.2 (12/08,2016)

在原有的从库上查看。
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# ip add
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:b9:03:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.125.141.139/24 brd 10.125.141.255 scope global eth0
    inet 10.125.141.249/32 scope global eth0
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]#
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    Dec  8 17:23:25 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:25 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:25 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_healthcheckers[21674]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.125.141.249 added
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
   
   
附加测试。修复原有的主库，停止现有的主库，看看能切换不?

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
    Starting MySQL (Percona Server).... SUCCESS!
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
    Starting keepalived:                                       [  OK  ]
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]#

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# mysql
    ......
    ......
    mysql> start slave ;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.20 sec)

    mysql>
   
    停止现有的主库。
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld  stop
    Shutting down MySQL (Percona Server)............... SUCCESS!
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]#
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# ip add
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:b9:03:58 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.125.141.139/24 brd 10.125.141.255 scope global eth0
   
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest03 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    ......
    ......
    Dec  8 17:23:30 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:24:36 bj02-ops-mgotest03 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=15262 PID=15264 SID=15217 UID=0 User=root ip add
    Dec  8 17:28:00 bj02-ops-mgotest03 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=15262 PID=15264 SID=15217 UID=0 User=root /etc/init.d/mysqld  stop
    Dec  8 17:28:03 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived[21673]: Stopping
    Dec  8 17:28:03 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) sent 0 priority
    Dec  8 17:28:03 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) removing protocol VIPs.
    Dec  8 17:28:03 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_healthcheckers[21674]: Stopped
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived_vrrp[21675]: Stopped
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest03 Keepalived[21673]: Stopped Keepalived v1.3.2 (12/08,2016)
   
查看现在的主库。
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]# ip add
    1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:b9:37:e2 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.125.141.138/24 brd 10.125.141.255 scope global eth0
    inet 10.125.141.249/32 scope global eth0
    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 local]#

    [iyunv@bj02-ops-mgotest02 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    Dec  8 17:26:54 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: VRRP_Script(check_run) succeeded
    Dec  8 17:27:09 bj02-ops-mgotest02 -bash: HISTORY: PPID=8695 PID=8697 SID=8649 UID=0 User=root mysql
    Dec  8 17:28:03 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Transition to MASTER STATE
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Entering MASTER STATE
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) setting protocol VIPs.
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:04 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_healthcheckers[15921]: Netlink reflector reports IP 10.125.141.249 added
    Dec  8 17:28:09 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: Sending gratuitous ARP on eth0 for 10.125.141.249
    Dec  8 17:28:09 bj02-ops-mgotest02 Keepalived_vrrp[15922]: VRRP_Instance(VI_1) Sending/queueing gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.125.141.249

再次验证完毕。不过，这个是检测和切换时间的，所以，在高并发期间出现故障切换的话，可能会有数据丢失现象出现。对于中小企业，这种架构是可以放心使用的，个人认为。

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