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题目:设有一数据库,包括四个表:学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、成绩表(Score)以及教师信息表(Teacher)。
四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表(一)~表(四)所示,数据如表1-2的表(一)~表(四)所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。
表1-1数据库的表结构
表(一)Student (学生表)
属性名
| 数据类型
| 可否为空
| 含 义
| Sno
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 学号(主码)
| Sname
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 学生姓名
| Ssex
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 学生性别
| Sbirthday
| datetime
| 可
| 学生出生年月
| Class
| varchar (20)
| 可
| 学生所在班级
| 表(二)Course(课程表)
属性名
| 数据类型
| 可否为空
| 含 义
| Cno
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 课程号(主码)
| Cname
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 课程名称
| Tno
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 教工编号(外码)
| 表(三)Score(成绩表)
属性名
| 数据类型
| 可否为空
| 含 义
| Sno
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 学号(外码)
| Cno
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 课程号(外码)
| Degree
| Decimal(4,1)
| 可
| 成绩
| 主码:
| 表(四)Teacher(教师表)
属性名
| 数据类型
| 可否为空
| 含 义
| Tno
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 教工编号(主码)
| Tname
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 教工姓名
| Tsex
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 教工性别
| Tbirthday
| datetime
| 可
| 教工出生年月
| Prof
| varchar (20)
| 可
| 职称
| Depart
| varchar (20)
| 否
| 教工所在部门
| 表1-2数据库中的数据
表(一)Student
Sno
| Sname
| Ssex
| Sbirthday
| class
| 108
| 曾华
| 男
| 1977-09-01
| 95033
| 105
| 匡明
| 男
| 1975-10-02
| 95031
| 107
| 王丽
| 女
| 1976-01-23
| 95033
| 101
| 李军
| 男
| 1976-02-20
| 95033
| 109
| 王芳
| 女
| 1975-02-10
| 95031
| 103
| 陆君
| 男
| 1974-06-03
| 95031
| 表(二)Course
Cno
| Cname
| Tno
| 3-105
| 计算机导论
| 825
| 3-245
| 操作系统
| 804
| 6-166
| 数字电路
| 856
| 9-888
| 高等数学
| 831
| 表(三)Score
Sno
| Cno
| Degree
| 103
| 3-245
| 86
| 105
| 3-245
| 75
| 109
| 3-245
| 68
| 103
| 3-105
| 92
| 105
| 3-105
| 88
| 109
| 3-105
| 76
| 101
| 3-105
| 64
| 107
| 3-105
| 91
| 108
| 3-105
| 78
| 101
| 6-166
| 85
| 107
| 6-166
| 79
| 108
| 6-166
| 81
| 表(四)Teacher
Tno
| Tname
| Tsex
| Tbirthday
| Prof
| Depart
| 804
| 李诚
| 男
| 1958-12-02
| 副教授
| 计算机系
| 856
| 张旭
| 男
| 1969-03-12
| 讲师
| 电子工程系
| 825
| 王萍
| 女
| 1972-05-05
| 助教
| 计算机系
| 831
| 刘冰
| 女
| 1977-08-14
| 助教
| 电子工程系
| 查询问题:
1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
3、 查询Student表的所有记录。
4、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
5、 查询Score表中成绩为85,86或88的记录。
6、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
7、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
9、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。
10、 查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。(子查询或者排序)
11、 查询每门课的平均成绩。
12、查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
13、查询分数大于70,小于90的Sno列。
14、查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
15、查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
16、查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列
17、 查询“95033”班学生的平均分。
18、 假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表:
create table grade(low int,upp int,rank char(1))
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’)
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’)
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’)
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’)
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’)
现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。
19、 查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
20、查询score中选学多门课程的同学中分数为非最高分成绩的记录。
21、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
22、查询和学号为108的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
26、 查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
28、查询“计算机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
31、 查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
33、 查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
34、 查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
35 、 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。
建表程序:
create database xuesheng
use xuesheng
go
create table Student
(
Sno varchar(20) not null primary key,
Sname varchar(20) not null,
Ssex varchar(20) not null,
Sbirthday datetime,
Class varchar(20)
)
go
create table Teacher
(
Tno varchar(20) not null primary key,
Tname varchar(20) not null,
Tsex varchar(20) not null,
Tbrithday datetime,
Prof varchar(20),
Depart varchar(20) not null
)
go
create table Course
(
Cno varchar(20) not null primary key,
Cname varchar(20) not null,
Tno varchar(20) not null references Teacher(Tno)
)
go
create table Score
(
Sno varchar(20) not null references Student(Sno),
Cno varchar(20) not null references Course(Cno),
Degree Decimal(4,1)
)
alter table Score add constraint pk primary key(Sno, Cno)
View Code 数据输入程序未附,自己在设计中添加记好了
题目答案:
1、select Sname , Ssex , Class from Student
2、select distinct Depart from Teacher ——去重查询
3、select * from Student
4、select * from Score where Degree between 60 and 80 ——范围查询,between关键字
5、select * from Score where Degree=85 or Degree=86 or Degree=88
select * from Score where Degree in(85,86,88)
6、select * from Student where Ssex='女' or Class=95031 ——条件查询
7、select * from Student order by Class desc
8、select * from Score order by Cno asc,Degree desc ——排序查询
9、select count(*) from Student where Class=95031
10、select Sno,Cno from score where Degree=(select MAX(Degree) from score)——运用子查询
11、select cno ,AVG(Degree) from Score group by Cno
12、select Cno,avg(Degree) from score group by Cno having count(Sno)>=5 and Cno like '3%' ——分组查询与模糊查询
(师)select Cno,avg(Degree) from score where Cno like '3%' group by Cno having count(Sno)>=5 ——聚合函数 count
13、select Sno from Score where Degree between 70 and 90
14、select Sname,Cno,degree from student,score where student.Sno=score.Sno
(师)select Sname,Cno,degree from score join student on score.sno=student.sno ——连接查询,join on
15、select Sno,Cname,degree from course,score where course.cno=score.cno
(师)select Sname,Cno,degree from score join course on score.cno=course.cno
16、select Sname,Cname,degree from student, course,score where student.Sno=score.Sno and course.cno=score.cno
(师)select Sname,Cno,degree from score join student on score.sno=student.sno join course on score.cno=course.cno
17、select avg(degree) from score where sno in (select sno from student where class='95033') ——离散查询
18、select Sno,Cno,rank from score,grade where score.degree between low and upp
19、select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select degree from score where sno='109'and cno='3-105')——第一种理解
select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree) from score where sno='109')——理解二
20、select * from score b where degree <(select max(degree) from score a where a.cno=b.cno)
select * from score where degree not in (select max(degree) from score group by cno having count(sno)>1)
(师)select * from score where sno in (select sno from score group by sno having count(*)>1) and degree <(select max(degree) from score )
select * from score a where sno in (select sno from score group by sno having count(*)>1) and degree <(select max(degree) from score b where b.cno=a.cno )
21、select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select degree from score where sno='109'and cno='3-105')
22、select sno,sname,sbirthday from student where datediff(year,sbirthday,getdate())=(select datediff(year,sbirthday,getdate()) from student where sno='108')
select * from student where year(sbirthdy)=(select year(sbirthday) from student where sno='108')
23、select cno,sno,degree from score where cno=(select cno from course ,teacher where course.tno=teacher.tno and teacher.tname='张旭')
(师)select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where tname='张旭'))
24、select tname from teacher where tno in (select tno from course where cno in (select cno from score group by cno having count(*)>5))
25、select * from student where class in('95033','95031')或者select * from student where class ='95033'or class='95031'
26、select distinct cno from score where degree>85
27、select cno,sno,degree from score where cno in (select cno from course ,teacher where course.tno=teacher.tno and teacher.depart='计算机系')
(师)select * from score where cno in(select cno from course where tno in(select tno from teacher where depart='计算机系'))
28、select tname,prof from teacher where depart='计算机系' and prof not in (select prof from teacher where depart='电子工程系')
union
select tname,prof from teacher where depart='电子工程系' and prof not in (select prof from teacher where depart='计算机系')
select tname,prof from teacher a where prof not in (select prof from teacher b where b.depart != a.depart)
29、select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>any (select degree from score where cno='3-245')order by degree desc——any其中任何一个、all所有
30、select * from score where cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree) from score where cno='3-245')
31、select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher
union
select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student
32、select tname,tsex,tbirthday from teacher where tsex='女'
union
select sname,ssex,sbirthday from student where ssex='女'
33、select * from score a where degree<(select avg(degree)from score b where a.cno=b.cno)
34、select tname,depart from teacher a where exists(select * from course b where a.tno=b.tno);
select tname,depart from teacher,course where Teacher.tno=Course.tno
(师)select tname,depart from teacher where tno in( select tno from course where cno in( select distinct cno from score))
35、select tname,depart from teacher a where not exists(select * from course b where a.tno=b.tno);
(师)select tname,depart from teacher where tno not in( select tno from course where cno in( select distinct cno from score))
36、select class from student where ssex='男'group by class having count(*)>=2;
37、 select * from student where sname not like'王%';
38、select sname as 姓名,datediff(year,sbirthday,getdate()) as 年龄 from student
select sname as 姓名,year(getdate())-year(sbirthday) as 年龄 from student
39、select sname,sbirthday as 最大 from student where sbirthday =(select min (sbirthday) from student)
union
select sname,sbirthday as 最小 from student where sbirthday =(select max(sbirthday) from student)
(师)select min (sbirthday),max(sbirthday) from student
40、select class,sname,sbirthday from student order by class desc,sbirthday;
41、select x.tname,y.cname from teacher x,course y where x.tno=y.tno and x.tsex='男';
select tname,cname from teacher ,course where teacher.tno=course.tno and tsex='男'
42、select * from score where degree=(select max(degree)from score);
(师)selsct top 1 * from score order by degree desc——只适用于有一个最高分
43、select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李军');
44、select sname from student where ssex=(select ssex from student where sname='李军') and class=(select class from student where sname='李军');
45、select * from score where sno in(select sno from student where ssex='男') and cno=(select cno from course where cname='计算机导论');
View Code 答案仅代表自己意见,若有错误和不同做法,希望看到的告知,相互学习,十分感谢! |
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