ubuntu apt-get update 失败解决

luoson1

　　当运行apt-get update后出现如下错误时：
　　E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
　　可以将目录下/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/所有的文件清掉，再次运行apt-get update即可！自带源在大陆不好。
　　出现以下错误：
　　[plain] view plaincopy

• 　　/etc/apt$ sudo apt-get update
  
• 　　Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　Err http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg
  
• 　　Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'
  
• 　　Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg
  
• 　　Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
  
• 　　Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg
  
• 　　Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
  
• 　　Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com precise-backports Release.gpg
  
• 　　Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
  
• 　　Reading package lists... Done
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/InRelease
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com'
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/Release.gpg  Temporary failure resolving 'cn.archive.ubuntu.com'
  
• 
  
• 　　W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
  
• 　　xinju@xinjuOffice:/etc/apt$ cd ../network
  

　　阿里源:
　　[plain] view plaincopy

• 　　deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-security main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-updates main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
  
• 　　deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ raring-backports main restricted universe multiverse
  

　　修改ip:
　　[plain] view plaincopy

• 　　# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
  
• 　　# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
  
• 
  
• 　　# The loopback network interface
  
• 　　auto lo
  
• 　　iface lo inet loopback
  
• 
  
• 　　# The primary network interfacea
  
• 　　auto eth0
  
• 　　iface eth0 inet static
  
• 　　address 192.168.2.170
  
• 　　netmask 255.255.255.0
  
• 　　broadcast 192.168.2.255
  
• 　　gateway 192.168.2.1
  
• 　　dns-nameservers 192.168.2.1
  

　　修改dns:
　　1,重启生效：
　　sudo vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base（这个文件默认是空的）
　　在里面插入：
　　nameserver 8.8.8.8
　　nameserver 8.8.4.4
　　如果有多个DNS就一行一个
　　修改好保存，然后执行
　　sudo resolvconf -u
　　再看/etc/resolv.conf，最下面就多了2行：
　　cat /etc/resolv.conf
　　# Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8)
　　#     DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN
　　nameserver 8.8.8.8
　　nameserver 8.8.4.4
　　可以看到我们的设置已经加上了，然后再ping一个域名，当时就可以解析了，无需重启。
　　2，重启失效：
　　配置文件地址 /etc/resolv.conf
　　使用编辑器打开
　　改为如下内容：
　　search localdomain
　　nameserver 202.96.128.86 希望修改成的DNS
　　nameserver 202.96.128.166 备用DNS
　　重启网络：sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart。即可