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[经验分享] Cisco ODR配置示例

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发表于 2018-7-14 09:43:25 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
  静态路由的缺点是,必须手工配置,同时在网络拓扑变化后需要手工更新;动态路由的缺点是,它们需要占用网络带宽和路由器资源。在包含数百个分支站点的中央-分支网络,采用静态路由时配置工作量将非常大,而采用动态路由时将占用大量的资源。
  在这种情况下,我们采用第三种方式——按需路由(ODR,On Demand Routing)。ODR是Cisco的私有协议,它使用CDP在分支路由器和中央路由器之间传输网络信息。它的优点是,比动态路由协议开销小得多,比静态路由协议配置量少得多。而它的缺点就是,只适合于中央-分支拓扑。
  在中央路由器的全局模式下使用router odr命令来启用ODR。
  下面是ODR配置示例:
DSC0000.jpg

  R1配置如下:
  R1#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration : 1289 bytes
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetime msec
  service timestamps log datetime msec
  service password-encryption
  hostname R1
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  enable secret 5 $1$xGcB$Oir1JjPzZdoLL4wxA7kPH1
  aaa new-model
  aaa authentication login default local
  aaa session-id common
  no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
  ip cef
  no ip domain lookup
  username cisco password 7 091D1C5A4D5041
  ip tcp synwait-time 5
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.252
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 192.168.1.5 255.255.255.252
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  interface Serial1/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/2
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/3
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  router odr//配置ODR
  no ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  no cdp log mismatch duplex
  control-plane
  gatekeeper
  shutdown
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  privilege level 15
  logging synchronous
  no exec
  stopbits 1
  line aux 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  privilege level 15
  logging synchronous
  stopbits 1
  line vty 0 4
  end
  R2的配置如下:
  R2#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration : 1319 bytes
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetime msec
  service timestamps log datetime msec
  service password-encryption
  hostname R2
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  enable secret 5 $1$AOeH$KIuGrBL.TNS1Iwe0Kt8Bd0
  aaa new-model
  aaa authentication login default local
  aaa session-id common
  no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
  ip cef
  no ip domain lookup
  username cisco password 7 00554155500E5D
  ip tcp synwait-time 5
  interface Loopback0
  ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.252
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  interface Serial1/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/2
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/3
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  no ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  no cdp log mismatch duplex
  control-plane
  gatekeeper
  shutdown
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  privilege level 15
  logging synchronous
  no exec
  stopbits 1
  line aux 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  privilege level 15
  logging synchronous
  stopbits 1
  line vty 0 4
  end
  R3的配置如下:
  R3#sh run
  Building configuration...
  *May  5 19:44:13.907:%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
  Current configuration : 1319 bytes
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetime msec
  service timestamps log datetime msec
  service password-encryption
  hostname R3
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  enable secret 5 $1$nkGN$k3DeFEbRxkr8ILTnGTpDu/
  aaa new-model
  aaa authentication login default local
  aaa session-id common
  no ip icmp rate-limit unreachable
  ip cef
  no ip domain lookup
  username cisco password 7 075E731F1A5C4F
  ip tcp synwait-time 5
  interface Loopback0
  ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 192.168.1.6 255.255.255.252
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  interface Serial1/0
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/2
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  interface Serial1/3
  no ip address
  shutdown
  serial restart-delay 0
  no ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  no cdp log mismatch duplex
  control-plane
  gatekeeper
  shutdown
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  privilege level 15
  logging synchronous
  no exec
  stopbits 1
  line aux 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  privilege level 15
  logging synchronous
  stopbits 1
  line vty 0 4
  end
  用R2去ping R3,测试连通性:
  R2#ping 3.3.3.3
  Type escape sequence to abort.
  Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3.3.3.3, timeout is 2 seconds:
  !!!!!
  Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 60/62/64ms
  查看R1的路由表:
  R1#sh ip route
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRPexternal, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA externaltype 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
  i - IS-IS, su - IS-ISsummary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
  ia - IS-IS inter area,* - candidate default, U - per-user static route
  o - ODR, P - periodicdownloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is not set
  2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted,1 subnets
  o       2.2.2.2 [160/1] via192.168.1.2, 00:00:22, FastEthernet0/0
  3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted,1 subnets
  o       3.3.3.3 [160/1] via192.168.1.6, 00:00:27, FastEthernet0/1
  192.168.1.0/30 issubnetted, 2 subnets
  C       192.168.1.0 isdirectly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  C       192.168.1.4 isdirectly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  查看R2的路由表:
  R2#sh ip route
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRPexternal, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA externaltype 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPFexternal type 2
  i - IS-IS, su - IS-ISsummary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
  ia - IS-IS inter area,* - candidate default, U - per-user static route
  o - ODR, P - periodicdownloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0
  2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted,1 subnets
  C       2.2.2.2 is directlyconnected, Loopback0
  192.168.1.0/30 issubnetted, 1 subnets
  C       192.168.1.0 isdirectly connected, FastEthernet0/0
  o*   0.0.0.0/0 [160/1] via 192.168.1.1, 00:00:16, FastEthernet0/0
  查看R3的路由表:
  R3#sh ip route
  Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
  D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRPexternal, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
  N1 - OSPF NSSA externaltype 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
  E1 - OSPF external type1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
  i - IS-IS, su - IS-ISsummary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
  ia - IS-IS inter area,* - candidate default, U - per-user static route
  o - ODR, P - periodicdownloaded static route
  Gateway of last resort is 192.168.1.5 to network 0.0.0.0
  3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted,1 subnets
  C       3.3.3.3 is directlyconnected, Loopback0
  192.168.1.0/30 issubnetted, 1 subnets
  C       192.168.1.4 isdirectly connected, FastEthernet0/1
  o*   0.0.0.0/0 [160/1] via 192.168.1.5, 00:00:45, FastEthernet0/1

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