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[经验分享] Cisco Trace实验

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发表于 2018-7-15 07:25:04 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

  拓扑如上图所示
  1.需求:
  A.R4模拟intern,R4上有一4.4.4.4的地址;
  B.R1访问R4时走R2,但是R1-R2和R2-R4间链路出现问题时,要求R1访问R4走R3
  C.全网使用静态路由
  2.分析
  R2、R3、R4上做全网静态路由
  R1上去往4.4.4.4指两条静态路由
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.12.2
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.13.3 20---------浮动静态路由(在路由表中不显示
  指向R3的静态路由为浮动静态路由,当R1-R2间的链路down时,R1指向R2的静态路由消失,浮动静态路由生效;但是当R2-R4间的链路down时,R1指向R2的静态路由仍然存在,但R1 ping 4.4.4.4不通;因此R1需要一种机制跟踪路由,当某条路由消失的时候,就让ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.12.2这条路由失效。
  3.配置
  A.各路由器上配置静态路由
  R1#
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.12.2
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.13.3 20
  iproute 10.1.24.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.12.2
  iproute 10.1.24.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.13.3 20
  R2#
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.24.4
  iproute 10.1.13.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.12.1
  iproute 10.1.34.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.24.4
  R3#
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.34.4
  iproute 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.13.1
  iproute 10.1.24.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.34.4
  R4#
  iproute 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.24.2
  iproute 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.34.3
  iproute 10.1.13.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.34.3
  B.Track
  R1上track路由器R2-R4之间的10.1.24.0这条静态路由,如果这条路由消失(什么情况下会消失?R2-R4间的链路down会引起这条路由消失),那么R1上的静态路由:ip route4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.12.2就失效,那么R1上去往4.4.4.4的浮动静态路由:iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.13.3 20就生效了。
  具体配置如下:
  R1#config terminal
  track 1 ip route 10.1.34.0255.255.255.0 reachability
  no ip route 4.4.4.4255.255.255.255 10.1.12.2
  iproute 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255 10.1.12.2 track 1
  全配置如下:
  r1#SH RUN
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration : 1039 bytes
  !
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetimemsec
  service timestamps log datetimemsec
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname r1
  !
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  !
  !
  no aaa new-model
  memory-size iomem 5
  ip cef
  !
  !
  !
  !
  no ip domain lookup
  ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
  ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  track 1 ip route 10.1.34.0255.255.255.0 reachability
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  interface Loopback0
  ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 10.1.13.1 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  ip forward-protocol nd
  ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.25510.1.12.2 track 1
  ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.25510.1.13.3 20
  ip route 10.1.24.0 255.255.255.010.1.12.2
  ip route 10.1.24.0 255.255.255.010.1.13.3 20
  !
  !
  ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  !
  !
  !
  !
  control-plane
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  logging synchronous
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  login
  !
  !
  end
  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  R2#SH RUN
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration : 936 bytes
  !
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetimemsec
  service timestamps log datetimemsec
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname R2
  !
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  !
  !
  no aaa new-model
  memory-size iomem 5
  ip cef
  !
  !
  !
  !
  no ip domain lookup
  ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
  ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  interface Loopback0
  ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 10.1.24.2 255.255.255.0
  shutdown
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  ip forward-protocol nd
  ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.25510.1.24.4
  ip route 10.1.13.0 255.255.255.010.1.12.1
  ip route 10.1.34.0 255.255.255.010.1.24.4
  !
  !
  ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  !
  !
  !
  !
  control-plane
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  logging synchronous
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  login
  !
  !
  end
  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  R2#
  R3#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration : 926 bytes
  !
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetimemsec
  service timestamps log datetimemsec
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname R3
  !
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  !
  !
  no aaa new-model
  memory-size iomem 5
  ip cef
  !
  !
  !
  !
  no ip domain lookup
  ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
  ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  interface Loopback0
  ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 10.1.34.3 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 10.1.13.3 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  ip forward-protocol nd
  ip route 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.25510.1.34.4
  ip route 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.010.1.13.1
  ip route 10.1.24.0 255.255.255.010.1.34.4
  !
  !
  ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  !
  !
  !
  !
  control-plane
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  logging synchronous
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  login
  !
  !
  end
  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
  R4#sh run
  Building configuration...
  Current configuration : 926 bytes
  !
  version 12.4
  service timestamps debug datetimemsec
  service timestamps log datetimemsec
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname R4
  !
  boot-start-marker
  boot-end-marker
  !
  !
  no aaa new-model
  memory-size iomem 5
  ip cef
  !
  !
  !
  !
  no ip domain lookup
  ip auth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3
  ip admission max-nodata-conns 3
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  interface Loopback0
  ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  ip address 10.1.34.4 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  ip address 10.1.24.4 255.255.255.0
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  ip forward-protocol nd
  ip route 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.010.1.24.2
  ip route 10.1.12.0 255.255.255.010.1.34.3
  ip route 10.1.13.0 255.255.255.010.1.34.3
  !
  !
  ip http server
  no ip http secure-server
  !
  !
  !
  !
  control-plane
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  line con 0
  exec-timeout 0 0
  logging synchronous
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  login
  !
  !
end

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