Virtio
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Paravirtualized drivers for kvm/Linux
Virtio was chosen to be the main platform for IO virtualization in KVM
The idea behind it is to have a common framework for hypervisors for IO virtualization
More information (although not uptodate) can be found here
At the moment network/block/balloon devices are suported for kvm
The host implementation is in userspace - qemu, so no driver is needed in the host.
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How to use Virtio
Get kvm version >= 60
Get Linux kernel with virtio drivers for the guest
Get Kernel >= 2.6.25 and activate (modules should also work, but take care of initramdisk)
CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI=y (Virtualization -> PCI driver for virtio devices)
CONFIG_VIRTIO_BALLOON=y (Virtualization -> Virtio balloon driver)
CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK=y (Device Drivers -> Block -> Virtio block driver)
CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET=y (Device Drivers -> Network device support -> Virtio network driver)
CONFIG_VIRTIO=y (automatically selected)
CONFIG_VIRTIO_RING=y (automatically selected)
you can safely disable SATA/SCSI and also all other nic drivers if you only use VIRTIO (disk/nic)
As an alternative one can use a standard guest kernel for the guest > 2.6.18 and make use sync backward compatibility option
Backport and instructions can be found in kvm-guest-drivers-linux.git
Use model=virtio for the network devices and if=virtio for disk
qemu/x86_64-softmmu/qemu-system-x86_64 -boot c -drive file=/images/xpbase.qcow2,if=virtio,boot=on -m 384 -net nic,model=virtio -net tap,script=/etc/kvm/qemu-ifup
-hd[ab] for disk won't work, use -drive
Disk will show up as /dev/vd[a-z][1-9], if you migrate you need to change "root=" in Lilo/GRUB config
At the moment the kernel modules are automatically loaded inthe guest but the interface should be started manually(dhclient/ifconfig)
Currently performance is much better when using a hostkernel configured with CONFIG_HIGH_RES_TIMERS. Another option is useHPET/RTC and -clock= qemu option.
Expected performance
Performance varies from host to host, kernel to kernel
On my laptop I measured 1.1Gbps rx throughput using 2.6.23, 850Mbps tx.
Ping latency is 300-500 usec
方法二:
利用virtio格式创建的虚拟机,其内核版本为2.6.32,可以正常启动,所以以前2.6.18版本的内核报告的错误就可以解释了。
另外,model type='virtio',而默认为e1000,多次dhcp尝试仍然无法分得ip,所以猜测和创建虚拟己时设置的网卡类型有关。
所以创建虚拟机时要打开virtio_net和virtio_balloon。如何打开,继续研究。
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