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pylab 提供了比较强大的画图功能,但是函数和参数都比较多,很容易搞混。我们平常使用最多的应该是画线了。下面,简单的对一些常用的划线函数进行了封装,方便使用。
1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2 import pylab
3 import random
4
5 class MiniPlotTool :
6 '''
7 A mini tool to draw lines using pylab
8 '''
9 basecolors = ['red','green','yellow','blue','black','cyan','magenta']
10
11 def __init__(self, baseConfig) :
12 self.figsize = baseConfig.get('figsize',None)
13 self.axis = baseConfig.get('axis',None)
14 self.title = baseConfig.get('title','NoName')
15 self.ylabel = baseConfig.get('ylabel','NoName')
16 self.grid = baseConfig.get('grid',False)
17 self.xaxis_locator = baseConfig.get('xaxis_locator',None)
18 self.yaxis_locator = baseConfig.get('yaxis_locator',None)
19 self.legend_loc = baseConfig.get('legend_loc',0)
20
21 if self.figsize != None :
22 pylab.figure(figsize = self.figsize)
23 if self.axis != None :
24 pylab.axis(self.axis)
25
26 pylab.title(self.title)
27 pylab.ylabel(self.ylabel)
28 ax = pylab.gca()
29 pylab.grid(self.grid)
30 if self.xaxis_locator != None :
31 ax.xaxis.set_major_locator( pylab.MultipleLocator(self.xaxis_locator) )
32 if self.yaxis_locator != None :
33 ax.yaxis.set_major_locator( pylab.MultipleLocator(self.yaxis_locator) )
34 self.lineList = []
35 self.id = 1
36
37 def addline(self, lineConf) :
38 self.lineList.append((self.id, lineConf))
39 self.id += 1
40 return {'id' : self.id - 1}
41
42 def removeline(self, lineId) :
43 for i in range(len(self.lineList)) :
44 id, conf = self.lineList
45 if id == lineId :
46 del self.lineList
47 break
48 else :
49 return {'status' : -1}
50 print len(self.lineList)
51 return {'status' : 0}
52
53 def __parselineConf(self, lineConf) :
54 X = lineConf['X']
55 Y = lineConf['Y']
56 marker = lineConf.get('marker',None)
57 color = lineConf.get('color', random.choice(MiniPlotTool.basecolors))
58 markerfacecolor = lineConf.get('markerfacecolor',color)
59 label = lineConf.get('label','NoName')
60 linewidth = lineConf.get('linewidth',1)
61 linestyle = lineConf.get('linestyle','-')
62 return X, Y, marker, color, markerfacecolor, label, linewidth, linestyle
63
64 def plotSingleLine(self, lineConf):
65 X, Y, marker, color, markerfacecolor, label, linewidth, linestyle = self.__parselineConf(lineConf)
66 pylab.plot(X, Y, marker = marker, color = color, markerfacecolor = markerfacecolor, label=label, linewidth = linewidth, linestyle = linestyle)
67 pylab.legend(loc = self.legend_loc)
68
69 def plot(self) :
70 colors = [MiniPlotTool.basecolors[i % len(MiniPlotTool.basecolors)] for i in range(len(self.lineList))]
71 for i in range(len(self.lineList)) :
72 id, conf = self.lineList
73 if conf.get('color',None) :
74 conf['color'] = colors
75 X, Y, marker, color, markerfacecolor, label, linewidth, linestyle = self.__parselineConf(conf)
76 pylab.plot(X, Y, marker = marker, color = color, markerfacecolor = markerfacecolor, label=label, linewidth = linewidth, linestyle = linestyle)
77 pylab.legend(loc = self.legend_loc)
78
79 def show(self) :
80 pylab.show()
81
82
83 if __name__ == '__main__' :
84 #test
85 baseConfig = {
86 #'figsize' : (6,8),
87 #'axis': [0,10,0,10],
88 #'title' : 'hello title',
89 #'ylabel' : 'hello ylabel',
90 'grid' : True,
91 #'xaxis_locator' : 0.5,
92 #'yaxis_locator' : 1,
93 #'legend_loc' : 'upper right'
94 }
95 tool = MiniPlotTool(baseConfig)
96 X = [ i for i in range(10)]
97 Y = [random.randint(1,10) for i in range(10)]
98 Y2 = [random.randint(1,10) for i in range(10)]
99 lineConf = {
100 'X' : X,
101 'Y' : Y
102 #'marker' : 'x',
103 #'color' : 'b',
104 #'markerfacecolor' : 'r',
105 #'label' : '222',
106 #'linewidth' : 3,
107 #'linestyle' : '--'
108 }
109 lineConf2 = {
110 'X' : X,
111 'Y' : Y2,
112 'marker' : 'o',
113 'color' : 'b',
114 'markerfacecolor' : 'r',
115 'label' : '222',
116 'linewidth' : 3,
117 'linestyle' : '--'
118 }
119 #tool.plotSingleLine(lineConf)
120 print tool.addline(lineConf)
121 print tool.addline(lineConf2)
122
123 #print tool.removeline(1)
124 tool.plot()
125 tool.show()
附:引用自:https://sites.google.com/site/guyingbo/matplotlib%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0
线属性:
颜色(color 简写为 c):
- 蓝色: 'b' (blue)
- 绿色: 'g' (green)
- 红色: 'r' (red)
- 蓝绿色(墨绿色): 'c' (cyan)
- 红紫色(洋红): 'm' (magenta)
- 黄色: 'y' (yellow)
- 黑色: 'k' (black)
- 白色: 'w' (white)
- 灰度表示: e.g. 0.75 ([0,1]内任意浮点数)
- RGB表示法: e.g. '#2F4F4F' 或 (0.18, 0.31, 0.31)
- 任意合法的html中的颜色表示: e.g. 'red', 'darkslategray'
线型(linestyle 简写为 ls):
- 实线: '-'
- 虚线: '--'
- 虚点线: '-.'
- 点线: ':'
- 点: '.'
点型(标记marker):
- 像素: ','
- 圆形: 'o'
- 上三角: '^'
- 下三角: 'v'
- 左三角: ''
- 方形: 's'
- 加号: '+'
- 叉形: 'x'
- 棱形: 'D'
- 细棱形: 'd'
- 三脚架朝下: '1'(就是丫)
- 三脚架朝上: '2'
- 三脚架朝左: '3'
- 三脚架朝右: '4'
- 六角形: 'h'
- 旋转六角形: 'H'
- 五角形: 'p'
- 垂直线: '|'
- 水平线: '_'
- gnuplot 中的steps: 'steps' (只能用于kwarg中)
标记大小(markersize 简写为 ms):
标记边缘宽度(markeredgewidth 简写为 mew):
标记边缘颜色(markeredgecolor 简写为 mec):
- markeredgecolor:颜色选项中的任意值
标记表面颜色(markerfacecolor 简写为 mfc):
- markerfacecolor:颜色选项中的任意值
透明度(alpha):
线宽(linewidth):
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