我们用Golang做网站时,必然会有这样的代码:
http.Handle("/", http.FileServer(http.Dir(".")))
注意这里的 http.Handle( 函数的第二个参数,Golang的源码中这个函数的描述如下: // Handle registers the handler for the given pattern // in the DefaultServeMux. // The documentation for ServeMux explains how patterns are matched. func Handle(pattern string, handler Handler) { DefaultServeMux.Handle(pattern, handler) }
其中第二个参数是一个 interface,必须实现ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request)方法 // Objects implementing the Handler interface can be // registered to serve a particular path or subtree // in the HTTP server. // // ServeHTTP should write reply headers and data to the ResponseWriter // and then return. Returning signals that the request is finished // and that the HTTP server can move on to the next request on // the connection. type Handler interface {
ServeHTTP(ResponseWriter, *Request)
}
如果我们用WebSocket时,又会发现, 我们给http.Handle( 传递的是 websocket.Handler(。
http.Handle("/socket", websocket.Handler(Echo))
websocket.Handler 又是另外一个接口,如下 // Handler is an interface to a WebSocket. type Handler func(*Conn)
这里为啥会出现接口更换了? 其实 再往下看可以看到 websocket.Handler 接口多一个公共的方法:ServeHTTP, 即接口 websocket.Handler 实现了 http 的 Handler 接口。 // ServeHTTP implements the http.Handler interface for a Web Socket func (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
这里的interface有了其他语言类的一些特征,比较有趣。 // Handler is an interface to a WebSocket.type Handler func(*Conn)
// ServeHTTP implements the http.Handler interface for a Web Socketfunc (h Handler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {