Linux环境上安装memcached手册

wangwengwu

在Linux环境上安装memcached手册　　由于memcached安装时，需要使用libevent类库，所以先安装libevent
　　libevent下载网址:http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent/
　　本手册中下载的是 libevent-1.4.8-stable.tar.gz版本安装步骤如下:
　　1. 解压缩
　　tar xzfv libevent-1.4.8-stable.tar.gz
　　2. 进入到 libevent-1.4.8-stable目录
　　cd libevent-1.4.8-stable
　　3. 编译，安装
　　./configure
　　make
　　make install
　　注：默认安装到/usr/local/lib/目录
　　接下来，安装memcached
　　memcached下载网址:http://www.danga.com/memcached/download.bml
　　本手册中下载的是 memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz版本
　　安装步骤如下:
　　1. 解压缩
　　tar xzfv memcached-1.2.6.tar.gz
　　2. 进入到 memcached-1.2.6目录
　　cd memcached-1.2.6
　　3. 编译，安装
　　./configure --prefix=/local/memcached
　　make
　　make install
　　安装完成后，会在 /local/memcached 出现 bin和share目录
　　进行 bin目录，启动 memcache
　　方法如下:
　　./memcached -d -u nobody -m 512 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
　　此时，会报一个异常
　　error while loading shared libraries: libevent-1.4.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
　　原因是找不到libevent-1.4.so.2类库，解决办法如下：
　　使用LD_DEBUG=help ./memcached -v来确定 加载的类库路径,方法如下:
　　LD_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v 2>&1 > /dev/null | less
　　则系统会显示:
linux:/local/memcached/bin # LD_DEBUG=libs ./memcached -v 2>&1 > /dev/null | less20421:     find library=libevent-1.4.so.2; searching     20421:      search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache20421:      search path=/lib/tls/i686/sse2:/lib/tls/i686:/lib/tls/sse2:/lib/tls:/lib/i686/sse2:/lib/i686:/lib/sse2:/lib:/usr/lib/tls/i686　　/sse2:/usr/lib/tls/i686:/usr/lib/tls/sse2:/usr/lib/tls:/usr/lib/i686/sse2:/usr/lib/i686:/usr/lib/sse2:/usr/lib          (system search path)
20421:       trying file=/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/tls/i686/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/tls/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/tls/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/i686/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/lib/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/tls/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/tls/i686/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/tls/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/tls/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/i686/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/i686/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/sse2/libevent-1.4.so.220421:       trying file=/usr/lib/libevent-1.4.so.220421:　　./memcached: error while loading shared libraries: libevent-
1.4.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory　　我们看到，memcached会到很多地方去找，所以根据其它求，我们只需建一个软链接，指定到我们安装的类库上即可
　　方法如下：
　　ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2 /lib/libevent-1.4.so.2
　　现在可以正常启动memcached了
　　./memcached -d -u nobody -m 512 127.0.0.1 -p 11211
　　到这里，看到memcached已经启动，说明安装成功。
　　memcache启动参数说明:
The options for memcached are:　　-l
　　Listen on
; default to INDRR_ANY. This is an important option to consider as there is no other way to secure the installation. Binding to an internal or firewalled network interface is suggested.    -d　　Run memcached as a daemon.
　　-u
　　Assume the identity of  (only when run as root).
　　-m
　　Use  MB memory max to use for object storage
; the default is 64 megabytes.    -M　　Instead of throwing items from the cache when max memory is reached
, throw an error　　-c
　　Use  max simultaneous connections
; the default is 1024.    -k　　Lock down all paged memory. This is a somewhat dangerous option with large caches
, so consult the README and memcached homepage for configuration suggestions.　　-p
　　Listen on port
, the default is port 11211.　　-r
　　Maximize core file limit
　　-M
　　Disable automatic removal of items from the cache when out of memory. Additions will not be possible until adequate space is freed up.
　　-r
　　Raise the core file size limit to the maximum allowable.
　　-h
　　Show the version of memcached and a summary of options.
　　-v
　　Be verbose during the event loop
; print out errors and warnings.    -vv　　Be even more verbose
; same as -v but also print client commands and responses.    -i　　Print memcached and libevent licenses.
　　-P
　　Print pidfile to
, only used under -d option.