Nagios部署+远程Mysql监控+PNP图表环境配置（暂未完成）
系统环境:RHEL6 x86_64 selinux and iptables disabled
nagios 主机:192.168.0.114
mysql 主机: 192.168.0.121
一、安装nagios
本实验均采用源码安装，因此卸载掉自带相关软件包httpd和php
[root@nagios ~]# rpm -e `rpm -q httpd` --nodeps
[root@nagios ~]# rpm -e `rpm -q php` --nodeps
1、安装编译所需软件包
[root@nagios ~]# yum install httpd gcc make gd php-gd perl-ExtUtils-Embed.x86_64 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel libjpeg-devel -y
[root@nagios ~]# useradd nagios
2、安装监控平台apache
[root@nagios ~]#tar -zxvf httpd-2.0.63.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd httpd-2.0.63
[root@nagios httpd-2.0.63]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2
[root@nagios httpd-2.0.63]# make && make install
3、安装php（因为nagios软件web管理页面属于php格式）
[root@nagios ~]# tar -zxvf php-5.3.2.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd php-5.3.2
[root@nagios php-5.3.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir
[root@nagios php-5.3.2]# make && make install
4、安装监控软件nagios
[root@nagios ~]# tar -zxvf nagios-3.2.2.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd nagios-3.2.2
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-httpd-conf=/usr/local/apache2/conf
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]#make all
*** Compile finished ***
If the main program and CGIs compiled without any errors, you
can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
make install
- This installs the main program, CGIs, and HTML files
make install-init
- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d
make install-commandmode
- This installs and configures permissions on the
directory for holding the external command file
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
make install-webconf
- This installs the Apache config file for the Nagios
web interface
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]# make install
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]# make install-init
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]# make install-commandmode
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]# make install-config
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]#make install-webconf
启动apache服务，并查看是否成功
[root@nagios nagios-3.2.2]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
5、安装nagios-plugins插件
[root@nagios ~]#tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.15.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.15
[root@nagios nagios-plugins-1.4.15]#./configure --enable-perl-modules --enable-libtap
[root@nagios nagios-plugins-1.4.15]# make && make install
[root@nagios ~]#ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec
check_apt check_dns check_ifstatus check_nntp check_pop check_time
check_breeze check_dummy check_imap check_nt check_procs check_udp
check_by_ssh check_file_age check_ircd check_ntp check_real check_ups
check_clamd check_flexlm check_load check_ntp_peer check_rpc check_users
check_cluster check_ftp check_log check_ntp_time check_sensors check_wave
check_dhcp check_http check_mailq check_nwstat check_smtp negate
check_dig check_icmp check_mrtg check_oracle check_ssh urlize
check_disk check_ide_smart check_mrtgtraf check_overcr check_swap utils.pm
check_disk_smb check_ifoperstatus check_nagios check_ping check_tcp utils.sh
6、插件已经安装好了，接下来配置nagios访问目录
[root@nagios ~]#cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/nagios.conf
# SAMPLE CONFIG SNIPPETS FOR APACHE WEB SERVER
# Last Modified: 11-26-2005
#
# This file contains examples of entries that need
# to be incorporated into your Apache web server
# configuration file. Customize the paths, etc. as
# needed to fit your system.
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
# SSLRequireSSL
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
Require valid-user
Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
# SSLRequireSSL
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
# Allow from 127.0.0.1
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthType Basic
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users （注意这里的密码文件）
Require valid-user
这就是nagios WEB管理页面的指向
[root@nagios ~]# cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/nagios.conf >> /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
修改apache服务的执行用户，允许php首页等
[root@nagios ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf （约268行）
268 User nobody
269 Group #-1
395 DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var
改成：
268 User nagios
269 Group nagios
395 DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
396 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
7、制作nagios访问权限管理密码文件
[root@nagios ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
New password: （kevin）
Re-type new password: （kevin）
Adding password for user nagiosadmin
这里添加用户nagiosadmin用户的原因是nagios所有相关的脚本执行用户就是默认的nagiosadmin，为了不麻烦这里就只是改一下nagiosadmin的密码就行了。具体可查看配置文件/usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
重启apache服务
[root@nagios ~]#/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop
[root@nagios ~]#/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
OK，web页面配置好了，不过没有任何东西，nagios监控配置文件还没有的。
为了方便实验，安装一个nagios汉化插件吧
[root@nagios ~]# tar -jxvf nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2
[root@nagios ~]# cd nagios-cn-3.2.3
[root@nagios nagios-cn-3.2.3]# ./configure
[root@nagios nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make all
[root@nagios nagios-cn-3.2.3]# make install
这只是一个汉化插件而已，前面的make install-init 配置启动脚本，make install-commandmode设定相关文件及目录的权限，make install-config安装相关配置文件，以及make install-webconf配置web页面的apache接口等都已经做好。如果再次执行将会替换之前在nagios目录的所有修改，所以这里只用安装汉化的web相关页面就行了
查看一下，汉化成功。
二、开始一个简单的本地监控实验吧
***涉及文件：
nagios.cfg nagios主配置文件
localhost.cfg 定义监控本地主机的配置文件
templates.cfg 定义主机和服务的一个模板配置文件
commands.cfg 定义命令配置文件，定义的命令可以被其他配置文件引用
hosts.cfg 新建的一个配置文件，为了好管理，只定义相关主机
services.cfg 新建的一个配置文件，为了好管理，只定义相关服务
***涉及定义：
主机，主机组；服务，服务组；联系人；监控命令等
***配置文件的关系：
定义主机、主机组、服务、服务组-->用什么命令曲实现监控目的-->定义监控时间段-->定义当主机或者服务出现问题时如何通知联系人
1、添加host
[root@nagios objects]# cp -p localhost.cfg hosts.cfg （可以参考localhost.cfg进行配置）
[root@nagios objects]# cat hosts.cfg （定义主机和主机组）
###############################################################################
define host{
use linux-server ; Name of host template to use
host_name 本地监控主机
alias nagios监控主机
address 127.0.0.1
}
###############################################################################
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members * ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group
}
###############################################################################
2、添加service
[root@nagios objects]# vim services.cfg （编辑所监控的服务）
[root@nagios objects]# cat services.cfg （所有的命令都可以在/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg下查看）
# Define a service group.
define servicegroup{
servicegroup_name 系统状况检查
alias 系统概况
}
# Define a service to "ping" the local machine
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name * ;对所有服务都启用ping检测
service_groups 系统状况检查
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
# Define a service to check the disk space of the root partition
# on the local machine. Warning if < 20% free, critical if
# < 10% free space on partition.
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name 本地监控主机
service_groups 系统状况检查
service_description 根分区
check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
}
# Define a service to check the number of currently logged in
# users on the local machine. Warning if > 20 users, critical
# if > 50 users.
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name 本地监控主机
service_groups 系统状况检查
service_description 登录用户数
check_command check_local_users!20!50
}
# Define a service to check the number of currently running procs
# on the local machine. Warning if > 250 processes, critical if
# > 400 users.
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name 本地监控主机
service_groups 系统状况检查
service_description 进程总数
check_command check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT
}
# Define a service to check the load on the local machine.
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name 本地监控主机
service_groups 系统状况检查
service_description 系统负载
check_command check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0
}
# Define a service to check the swap usage the local machine.
# Critical if less than 10% of swap is free, warning if less than 20% is free
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name 本地监控主机
service_groups 系统状况检查
service_description 交换空间利用率
check_command check_local_swap!20!10
}
3、修改nagos配置文件
[root@nagios objects]# vim ../nagios.cfg
***加入这两行，并注释掉localhost.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servicess.cfg
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
4、检查配置文件的正确性
[root@nagios objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
.......
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
5、好了，看来没什么问题，重启服务生效
[root@nagios etc]#service nagios restart
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.
(未决表明改完配置文件后还没有检测完的服务，等一会)
# 'process-service-perfdata' command definition
#define command{
# command_name process-service-perfdata
# command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "$LASTSERVICECHECK$\t$HOSTNAME$\t$SERVICEDESC$\t$SERVICESTATE$\t$SERVICEATTEMPT$\t$SERVICESTATETYPE$\t$SERVICEEXECUTIONTIME$\t$SERVICELATENCY$\t$SERVICEOUTPUT$\t$SERVICEPERFDATA$\n" >> /usr/local/nagios/var/service-perfdata.out
# }
7、定义host文件
[root@nagios pnp]# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg
###############################################################################
define host{
use linux-server,hosts-pnp ; Name of host template to use ，添加hosts-pnp
host_name 本地监控主机
alias nagios监控主机
address 127.0.0.1
}
define host{
use linux-server,hosts-pnp ; Name of host template to use ，添加hosts-pnp
host_name mysql主机
alias mysql服务器
address 192.168.0.121
}
###############################################################################
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members * ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group
}
###############################################################################
8、同样修改/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg文件
[root@nagios pnp]# sed -i 's/local-service/local-service,services-pnp/g' /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg
9、检查错误并重启
[root@nagios pnp]#/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
[root@nagios pnp]#service nagios restart
五、nagios下安装GD库
1、freetype
[root@nagios ~]# tar -zxvf freetype-2.4.8.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd freetype-2.4.8
[root@nagios freetype-2.4.8]# make && make install
2、libjpeg
[root@nagios ~]# yum install libtool -y
[root@nagios ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg /include
[root@nagios ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg /lib
[root@nagios ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg /bin
[root@nagios ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/jpeg/man/man1/
[root@nagios ~]# tar -zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd jpeg-6b/
[root@nagios jpeg-6b]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg –enable-shared
[root@nagios jpeg-6b]# make install
3、libpng
[root@nagios ~]#tar -zxvf libpng-1.5.4.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd libpng-1.5.4
[root@nagios libpng-1.5.4]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/png
[root@nagios libpng-1.5.4]#make && make install
4、gd
[root@nagios ~]# tar -zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
[root@nagios ~]# cd gd-2.0.35
[root@nagios gd-2.0.35]#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gd2
OK，gd相关的库已经安装完了，现在将他们整合到php中
[root@nagios ~]# cd php-5.3.2
[root@nagios php-5.3.2]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-zlib --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png-dir=/usr/local/png --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-gd --enable-magic-quotes --with-iconv --enable-mbstring=all
[root@nagios php-5.3.2]#make && make install
php整合gd库完成。
接着上面的pnp的监控吧：
重启apache2 和 nagios
[root@nagios ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -k restart
[root@nagios ~]# service nagios restart
***troubshooting：
1、timezone时区
Warning: date() [function.date]: It is not safe to rely on the system's timezone settings. You are *required* to use the date.timezone setting or the date_default_timezone_set() function. In case you used any of those methods and you are still getting this warning, you most likely misspelled the timezone identifier. We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/no DST' instead in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 565
这是因为php所取的时间是格林威治标准时间，所以和你当地时间会有出入。
[root@nagios ~]#vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/pnp/config.php
加入下面一行：
date_default_timezone_set(Asia/Chongqing);
[root@nagios ~]# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -k restart
2、perl-Time-HiRes 未安装
看看脚本/usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl能否执行
[root@nagios ~]#/usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
Can't locate Time/HiRes.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl line 32.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl line 32.
[root@nagios ~]# yum install perl-Time-HiRes -y
3、php5.3之后eregi() 被preg_match()取代
出现下面的问题了
Deprecated: Assigning the return value of new by reference is deprecated in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 1026
Deprecated: Function eregi() is deprecated in /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php on line 1502
问题的根源是php中有两种正则表示法，一个是posix，一个是perl，php6打算废除posix的正则表示法，所以后来就加了个preg_match。此问题解决办法可以在ereg前面加过滤符，将ereg()变成@ereg()。但是这种问题还是没有从根源上解决，php5.2版本之前ereg使用正常，在5.3之后，就要用preg_match来代替ereg。注意，posix和perl的很明显的区别就是是否加斜杠，后者不能少了“/”。所以改法为：
[root@nagios ~]#vim /usr/local/nagios/share/pnp/include/function.inc.php
1502 if($level == 2 && $type == "complete" && eregi("^NAGIOS_",$tag)){
改为
1502 if($level == 2 && $type == "complete" && preg_match("/^NAGIOS_/",$tag)){
具体可以参考：http://www.php.net/manual/en/migration53.deprecated.php
[root@nagios ~]# vim /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
在最前面添加下面一行：
use lib qw($prefix/lib/perl)
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