第四节
从前面我们的一个简单的例子,对workflow有了一个大概的认识,现在我们来熟悉一下workflow的术语,这部分我基本上从sap help上面copy下来,也不想做什么翻译,只要经常使用wf,这些东西就非常容易理解了。
workflow container
The workflow container contains workflow-specific system elements and other container elements to be defined explicitly.
Workflow Agent :
Person within the system of workflow roles who appears as an end user in productive workflows.
The workflow agent starts workflows and processes work items. Their work area is the Business Workplace.
Organizational Plan :
Representation of the task-related, functional structure of your enterprise, created using tools from the Organizational Management component.
Event:
An event is created from any application program and published system-wide. Any number of receivers can react to the event.
Work Items :
Work items are used in the SAP Business Workflow/WebFlow to execute the individual steps of a workflow.
Activity:
You define or process an activity in the following cases:
If you want to add a new activity to a workflow definition.
If you want to change an existing activity with regard to its agent assignment or its deadline monitoring.
If you want to analyze a workflow definition.
Web Activity :
You use this step type to send an XML document from the workflow to another system. The recipient can process the XML document according to their requirements. This XML document can start a workflow in another system for example.
Mail Transmission :
You use this step type to send a mail to different recipients. You define the text and subject of the mail when defining the step. You can use variables in the text, which are filled from the task container at runtime.
Form Steps :
This step type enables you to display or process the data in a container element of the workflow container. The container element must refer to a structure whose fields are used in the form. A form can be generated automatically by the workflow system. You can process the form generated to adapt it to suit your individual requirements. Deep structures are not supported.
Forms can also contain other elements, with which, for example, the form content can be approved during execution of the step.
User Decisions :
In a user decision, the recipients receive the task description together with the possible decision options during execution.
Document from a Template :
You use this step type to create documents of various PC applications and process them within the workflow. The work item recipient creates the document based on a document template, which can also contain container elements of the workflow container.
Condition:
You use a condition in a workflow definition in the following cases:
If, at execution time, only one of two possible alternatives can be processed during the workflow, from a business point of view.
If the workflow system can make a decision based on the contents of the workflow container without user interaction.
Multiple Condition :
You use a multiple condition to define different processing branches for a workflow.
Event Creator :
You can use an event creator to trigger an event or a local event.
Wait Step :
A wait step can wait for:
An event
A condition
A local event
An event that is initially received by the workflow.
Container Operation :
You use a container operation to change a container element of the workflow container at runtime.
Process Control :
You can use a process control to execute the following functions during the runtime
Terminate or cancel other work items in the current workflow
Terminate or cancel the current workflow
Activate a correlation(Correlating Objects :A correlation enables you to identify objects that belong together, for example, a quotation and the relevant sales order. This involves correlating the objects by using one or more common elements, for example, the quotation number. When you define a Workflow, you can specify the object that the Workflow must wait for, without having to enter the ID of the object.)
Raise an exception
UNTIL Loops :
You use an UNTIL loop in a workflow definition if:
At execution time with one of two possible alternatives, the workflow is to “jump back” to process sections of the workflow definition again.
The workflow system can make a decision based on the contents of the workflow container.
WHILE Loops :
You use the WHILE loop in a workflow definition if:
At execution time, only one of several possible alternatives can be processed in the workflow from a business point of view, and then the comparison is to be performed again.
The workflow system can make a decision based on the contents of the workflow container.
The decision can be formulated based on a comparison between an expression from workflow container and a finite amount of comparison values (constants, expressions).
Forks:
You use a fork in a workflow definition when the business process can be continued by several users at the same time. You can also configure the fork in such a manner that not all branches have to be processed.
Ad Hoc Anchor :
You can save one or more additional workflows with the same interface as the ad hoc anchor.
At runtime, an authorized user can replace the ad hoc anchor with one of the added workflows in the graphical workflow log. The workflow being executed is then extended by the steps of the added workflow. If the anchor is not replaced, the ad hoc anchor is ignored when the workflow is executed.
Block:
You can group together steps in a Workflow in a block. You have the following options for a block and the steps it contains:
Define local data (local container)
Define deadline
Define exceptions and exception handlers
Define dynamic processing (parallel or sequential)
Local Workflow :
Unlike a sub-Workflow, a local Workflow has full access to the data in the Workflow container. In the local container you can also define additional container elements. A local Workflow is started by means of a local event. You can use a local Workflow, for example, to model reactions to business exception situations. For example, if you model how an order is processed in Workflow, you can use a local Workflow to model how you want exception handling to function should the order be deleted. This local Workflow can be started by a local event Order Deleted and, for example, trigger a notification to be sent to the administrator.
A local Workflow is called asynchronously. This means that the caller step does not wait for the local Workflow to be completed. An instance of the caller Workflow can start multiple instances of the local Workflow.
Task: You use a Task to define an activity that can be executed within a workflow definition or independently (as a single step). This activity can be an SAP System transaction. Related Posts
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