Linux上配置postfix发送邮件

vivion34

Config postfix for SM to send mail in Linux

　　Postfix is an alternative to Sendmail program. It starts at IBM research.
　　It will describe how to config postfix for SM to send mail to HP smtp server.
　　Test Env:
　　$ uname -a Linux smcfrd64 2.6.18-128.el5 #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 11:42:39 EST 2008 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux
　　SM version: SM 9.21.032
　　Linux computer IP: 16.186.77.7
　　Postfix 2.3.3.
　　If you are not root, please use sudo to run the commands below.
　　1. Install Postfix

　　1) Download postfix 2.3.3 from ftp://ftp.porcupine.org/mirrors/postfix-release/official/postfix-2.3.3.tar.gz.

　　2) Untar it to a directory, such as /home/admin/postfix 2.3.3, enter this directory

　　3) Config the build

　　If you need to support TLS/SSl, run the command below:

　　make makefiles CCARGS='-DUSE_TLS -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -DDEF_DAEMON_DIR=\"/usr/lib/postfix\" -DDEF_MANPAGE_DIR=\"/usr/share/man\" -DDEF_HTML_DIR=\"/usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/html\" -DDEF_README_DIR=\"/usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/README\" -I/usr/include/openssl-I/usr/include/sasl' AUXLIBS='-L/usr/lib -lssl -lcrypto -lsasl2'

　　4) Save existing Sendmail binary

　　Rename sendmail, newaliases and mailq program to other names. These binary may be in /usr/sbin, /usr/bin or other places.

　　5) Create user and group for postfix

• Create a user account "postfix" with a user id and group id that are not used by any other user account. Preferably, this is an account that no-one can log into. The account does not need an executable login shell, and needs no existing home directory.My password and group file entries look like this:
  

　　/etc/passwd: postfix:*:12345:12345:postfix:/no/where:/no/shell

　　/etc/group: postfix:*:12345:

• Create a group "postdrop" with a group id that is not used by any other user account. Not even by the postfix user account. My group file entry looks like:
  

　　/etc/group: postdrop:*:54321:

　　6) Compile postfix

　　$make

　　7) Install postfix

　　$make install (interactive version, first time install) or $make update (non-interactive version, for upgrades)

　　Note: The interactive version ("make install") asks for pathnames for Postfix data and program files, and stores your preferences in the main.cf file. If you don't want Postfix to overwrite non-Postfix "sendmail", "mailq"and "newaliases" files, specify pathnames that end in ".postfix". For the install root, just use the recommended value (/).

　　When install is finished, the postfix configuration will be stored at /etc/postfix/, main programs, such assendmail, postmap, postconf, will be located at /usr/sbin.
　　2. Configure postfix

　　1) /etc/postfix/main.cf

　　The configuration items are added below:

　　alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/aliases

　　command_directory = /usr/sbin

　　config_directory = /etc/postfix

　　daemon_directory = /usr/lib/postfix

　　debug_peer_level = 2

　　html_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/html

　　inet_interfaces = localhost

　　mail_owner = postfix

　　mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq

　　manpage_directory = /usr/share/man

　　mydomain = localdomain.com

　　myhostname = smcfrd64.localdomain.com

　　mynetworks = 16.186.77.7/29

　　mynetworks_style = host

　　newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases

　　queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix

　　readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.3.3/README

　　relayhost = smtp.XX.com:25

　　sample_directory = /etc/postfix

　　sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail

　　setgid_group = postdrop

　　smtp_cname_overrides_servername = no

　　smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes

　　smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd

　　smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous

　　smtp_sasl_type = cyrus

　　smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes

　　smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd

　　unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550

　　The items in bold font are added or modified compared to the original main.cf. The value of mynetworks is depended on the IP address and the network mask. It is necessary in my local env. To use external smtp server, therelayhost and other items prefix with smtp are necessary. After configure, you can run "postconf -n" to view all your postfix configuration.

　　2) /etc/postfix/aliases

　　In main.cf, we config the alias_maps to hash:/etc/postfix/aliases, edit file hash:/etc/postfix/aliases.

　　If you want to send a mail to jay@XX.com, you need to add an item for "jay" in this file:

　　jay: jay@XX.com.

　　Also, need to add an user jay to the Linux OS. Otherwise, when sending mail, the log will report unknown user error.

　　After configuration, generate the lookup table by the command followed:

　　$postmap hash:/etc/postfix/aliases

　　This command will generate a aliases.db file.

　　3) /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd

　　In main.cf, we config the smtp_sasl_password_maps to hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd. This is necessary for postfix to send mail to external smtp server. Create file /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd and add the line to it:

　　smtp.XX.com:25 jay@XX.com:password

　　After configuration, generate the lookup table by the command followed:

　　$postmap hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd

　　This command will generate a sasl_passwd.db file. Till now, you can remove the file sasl_passwd.

　　3. Start postfix

　　Run the command to start or restart postfix:

　　$/usr/sbin/postfix start (or reload)

　　4. Test it

　　$echo "test van Brunöö, this is één mail"|mail -s "test éne mail" XXXXX@XX.com

　　You can view the log /var/log/maillog to check whether the mail is sent successfully.