一、准备实验环境
二、安装nginx服务器(nginx1,nginx2)
三、安装FastCgi服务器
四、安装http服务器(用于静态服务器)
五、测试nginx是否实现负载均衡以及动静分离
六、配置Nginx的高可用服务
一、准备实验环境
1、IP地址规划
VIP: 172.16.10.8
nginx1:172.16.10.1
nginx2:172.16.10.2
php1:172.16.10.3
php2:172.16.10.4
web:172.16.10.6
2、网络拓扑图
3、服务器配置
nginx1服务器
sed -i 's@(HOSTNAME=).*@nginx1.xiaodong.com@g' /etc/sysconfig/networkecho "172.16.10.2 nginx1.xiaodong.com nginx2" >> /etc/hostsssh-keygen -t rsassh-copy-id .ssh/id_rsa.pub ngix2nginx2服务器
sed -i 's@(HOSTNAME=).*@nginx2.xiaodong.com@g' /etc/sysconfig/networkecho "172.16.10.1 nginx1.xiaodong.com nginx1" >> /etc/hostsssh-keygen -t rsassh-copy-id .ssh/id_rsa.pub ngix2二、安装nginx服务器(nginx1,nginx2)
[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.4.2.tar.gz -C /usr/local/[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# cd /usr/local/[iyunv@nginx1 local]# groupadd -r nginx[iyunv@nginx1 local]# useradd -r -g nginx nginx[iyunv@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# cd nginx-1.4.2/[iyunv@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi --with-pcre[iyunv@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# make && make install[iyunv@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx[iyunv@nginx1 nginx-1.4.2]# service nginx start
注意:在安装的过程中可能会缺少一些包,但是不必担心,只要使用yum install 就可用解决问题喽1、nginx支持php的配置(nginx1,nginx2)
[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_paramsfastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;~2、修改nginx配置文件(nginx1,nginx2),实现动静分离并记录访问者的IP
worker_processes 2;events { worker_connections 1024;}http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; proxy_temp_path /home/temp_dir; proxy_cache_path /home/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]."; upstream web { server 172.16.10.3:9000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; server 172.16.10.4:9000 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; server 172.16.10.1:80 backup; } server { listen 80; server_name localhost; location / { root html; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } location ~ .php$ { root /web/htdoc; fastcgi_pass web; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; } location ~ .(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { proxy_pass http://172.16.10.6; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; } }}
注释:
第10行-18行 :开启代理缓存功能
第19行-26行: 开启压缩功能
第44行-51行: 转发动态网页
第50 行: 修改头部信息,使得后端web服务器可以看到访问端的地址
第53行—56行: 转发静态网页
三、安装FastCgi服务器1、php1与php2服务器
[iyunv@php1 ~]#yum install gcc libxml2-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel -y[iyunv@php1 ~]# tar xf php-5.4.19.tar.bz2[iyunv@php1 ~]# cd php-5.4.19[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd/php --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# make && make install2、为php提供配置文件 (php1与php2)
[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# cp /usr/local/httpd/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default/usr/local/httpd/php/etc/php-fpm.conf1[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini3、为php-fpm提供Sysv init脚本,并将其添加至服务列表(php1与php2)
[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# chkconfig --add php-fpm[iyunv@php1 php-5.4.19]# chkconfig php-fpm on4、修改配置文件(php1与php2)
[iyunv@php1 ~]# vim /usr/local/httpd/php/etc/php-fpm.conflisten = 172.16.10.3:90005、启动服务(php1与php2)root@php1 php-5.4.19]# service php-fpm start6、创建php网址目录(php1)
[iyunv@php1 ~]# mkdir -pv /web/htdoc/[iyunv@php1 ~]# vim /web/htdoc/index.php php1 7、创建php网址目录(php2)
[iyunv@php2 ~]# mkdir -pv /web/htdoc/[iyunv@php2 ~]# vim /web/htdoc/index.php php2 四、安装http服务器(用于静态服务器)
[iyunv@http ~]# yum install httpd -y[iyunv@http ~]#echo "stati html 172.16.10.6 " > >/var/www/html/index.html[iyunv@http ~]#service httpd start 五、测试nginx是否实现负载均衡以及动静分离
1、访问动态页面测试
2、访问静态页面测试
此时虽然实现了Nginx的负载均衡以后动静分离,但是无法保证nginx服务器的高可用,下面配置nginx的高可用
六、配置Nginx的高可用服务
1、安装heartbeat(nginx1,nginx2)[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# yum install heartbeat -y2、复制模块文件
[iyunv@nginx1 ha.d]# cd /usr/share/doc/heartbeat-3.0.4/[iyunv@nginx1 heartbeat-3.0.4]# cp authkeys ha.cf haresources /etc/ha.d/ 注释:
authkeys #是节点之间的认证key文件
ha.cf #heartbeat的主配置文件
haresources #集群资源管理配置文件
3、修改authkeys配置文件
[iyunv@nginx1 ha.d]# openssl rand -hex 8>> /etc/ha.d/authkeys 生成随机数[iyunv@nginx1 ha.d]# vim authkeysauth 2#1crc#2sha1 HI!#3md5 Hello!2sha1 07cc87ff210e92e04、修改权限1[iyunv@nginx1 ha.d]# chmod 600authkeys5、修改主配置文件
[iyunv@nginx1 ha.d]# vim ha.cflogfile /var/log/ha-logkeepalive 2deadtime 30warntime 10ucast eth0 172.16.10.2#指向nginx2的IPnode nginx1.xiaodong.comnode nginx2.xiaodong.com6、修改资源配置文件
[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# vim /etc/ha.d/haresourcesngnix1.xiaodong.com 172.16.10.8/16/eth0 nginx注意:此处说明,nginx1为主节点7、复制配置文件到nginx2
[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# cd /etc/ha.d/[iyunv@nginx1 ha.d]# scp -p authkeys haresources ha.cf nginx2:/etc/ha.d/8、启动heartbeat服务
[iyunv@nginx1 ~]# service heartbeat start[iyunv@nginx2 ~]# service heartbeat start 9、测试heartbeat与nginx是否结合
查看nginx1的启动日志
10、停止nginx1服务
[backcolor=white !important][size=1em]1
| [size=1em][backcolor=white !important][size=1em][iyunv@nginx1 ~]# service heartbeat stop
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[backcolor=white !important]当nginx1停掉之后,查看nginx2日志信息 [backcolor=white !important]
[backcolor=white !important]以上信息反馈出来了,当nginx1 down掉之后,nginx2立刻检测到,并启动nginx服务,保证了nginx的高可用性。
[backcolor=white !important]本博客自此结束,望广大博友多多指教!!!
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