mysql数据库安装实战（二进制安装）
1 安装环境准备：环境：CentOS 6.8 64位
安装二进制分发版 mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
myseql 二进制包下载地址：
https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/
http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
上传mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz 二进制包到/home/oldboy/tools目录下面
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# cd /home/oldboy/tools
# rz -y #上传mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz到当前目录下
# ls -hil
total 179M
261195 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 178M Aug 23 19:57 mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
261198 drwxr-xr-x 9 1001 1001 4.0K Aug 19 16:11 nginx-1.6.3
261196 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 787K Apr82015 nginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
创建用户：命令useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M和useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql -M是一样的。
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# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql -M
# id mysql
uid=504(mysql) gid=504(mysql) groups=504(mysql)
解压mysql二进制包：
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#tar xf mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz
# ls
mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64 nginx-1.6.3
mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gznginx-1.6.3.tar.gz
移动mysql
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# mv mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.49
创建软链接
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# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.49/ /application/mysql
授权
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# cd /application/mysql
# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
# ls
COPYING READMEdataincludeman scriptssql-bench
INSTALL-BINARYbin docslib mysql-testshare support-files
安装mysql并指定mysql根路径和数据文件路径
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# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/
此步骤操作看到如下两个OK就代表安装完成了。
# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/
Installing MySQL system tables...
170823 21:00:53 /application/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.49) starting as process 1756 ...
OK
Filling help tables...
170823 21:00:53 /application/mysql//bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.49) starting as process 1763 ...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -h web01 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
/application/mysql//bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /application/mysql/ ; /application/mysql//bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /application/mysql//mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
上面的安装就生成内部两个管理库：mysql和performance_schema
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# ll data/
total 12
drwx------ 2 mysql root4096 Aug 23 21:00 mysql
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql 4096 Aug 23 21:00 performance_schema
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 Aug 23 20:46 test
做个调整
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# cd bin/
# less mysqld_safe
启动文件mysqld_safe默认的路径是/usr/local需要替换成/application/，测试下
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# sed 's#/usr/local/#/application/#g' mysqld_safe |grep application
if echo '/application/mysql/share' | grep '^/application/mysql' > /dev/null
relpkgdata=`echo '/application/mysql/share' | sed -e 's,^/application/mysql,,' -e 's,^/,,' -e 's,^,./,'`
relpkgdata='/application/mysql/share'
MY_BASEDIR_VERSION='/application/mysql'
ledir='/application/mysql/bin'
DATADIR=/application/mysql/data
elif test -x /application/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults
print_defaults="/application/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x /application/mysql/bin/mysql_print_defaults
print_defaults="/application/mysql/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
plugin_dir='/application/mysql/lib/plugin'
# sed 's#/usr/local/#/application/#g' mysqld_safe |grep application
if echo '/application/mysql/share' | grep '^/application/mysql' > /dev/null
relpkgdata=`echo '/application/mysql/share' | sed -e 's,^/application/mysql,,' -e 's,^/,,' -e 's,^,./,'`
relpkgdata='/application/mysql/share'
MY_BASEDIR_VERSION='/application/mysql'
ledir='/application/mysql/bin'
DATADIR=/application/mysql/data
elif test -x /application/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults
print_defaults="/application/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults"
elif test -x /application/mysql/bin/mysql_print_defaults
print_defaults="/application/mysql/bin/mysql_print_defaults"
plugin_dir='/application/mysql/lib/plugin'
测试完成后直接替换
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# sed -i 's#/usr/local/#/application/#g' mysqld_safe
替换配置文件
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# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp: overwrite `/etc/my.cnf'? y
启动mysql，启动命令为/application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
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# /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
2185
# 170823 21:37:36 mysqld_safe Logging to '/application/mysql/data/web01.err'.
170823 21:37:36 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /application/mysql/data
^C
查看进程是否生成
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# lsof -i :3306
COMMANDPIDUSER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld2415 mysql 10uIPv420041 0t0TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
优化
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# PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"
# which mysql
/application/mysql/bin/mysql
配置mysql命令的全局使用路径：用vim /etc/profile 把export PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"追加到/etc/profile最后一行
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# tail -1 /etc/profile
export PATH="/application/mysql/bin:$PATH"
使配置生效
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# . /etc/profile
已生效
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# echo $PATH
/application/mysql/bin:/application/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
此时输入mysql就直接进来了
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# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.49 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
这就表示成功了，quit退出mysql，再做一个调整
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mysql> quit
调整如下
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# ll support-files/
total 96
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql1153 Mar12016 binary-configure
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql4528 Mar12016 config.huge.ini
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql2382 Mar12016 config.medium.ini
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql1626 Mar12016 config.small.ini
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 773 Mar12016 magic
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql4691 Mar12016 my-huge.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 19759 Mar12016 my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql4665 Mar12016 my-large.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql4676 Mar12016 my-medium.cnf
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql2840 Mar12016 my-small.cnf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 839 Mar12016 mysql-log-rotate
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql 10880 Mar12016 mysql.server
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mysql mysql1061 Mar12016 mysqld_multi.server
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql1326 Mar12016 ndb-config-2-node.ini
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# sed -i 's#/usr/local/#/application/#g' support-files/mysql.server
# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
stop mysql服务
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# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.170823 21:57:02 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /application/mysql/data/web01.pid ended
SUCCESS!
+Done /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
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# lsof -i :3306
start mysql服务，出来结果
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# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
# lsof -i :3306
COMMANDPIDUSER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld2742 mysql 10uIPv420558 0t0TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
设置开机自启动
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# chkconfig --add mysqld
# chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
判断mysql是否安装成功，直接输入mysql能进入mysql界面就说明成功了，如下所示成功安装myslq。
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# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.49 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
总结：
https://s3.51cto.com/wyfs02/M00/00/D0/wKiom1mdnCjjRbEEAAAp4NFdq78751.jpg
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