刘伟 发表于 2018-5-28 13:27:29

docker基础实战

  
  目录
  说明... 1
  1.使用docker搭建web服务... 1
  2.构建sinatra应用程序... 2
  3.构建redis容器存储sinatra执行的结果... 3
  4.docker构建jenkins. 5
  5.结合nginx构建jekyll博客网站... 6
  5.1 jekyll基础镜像... 6
  5.2 nginx镜像... 7
  5.3 下载网站源码并启动上面俩容器... 8
  5.4 更新jeykll网站... 8
  5.5 备份jeykll网站源码
  说明:
下面用到的基础知识在上篇文档基本都写到过了,没写到的会注释说明一下,重复的内容这里就不赘述了。
下面的例子都是比较基础的,但是基础的会了,再弄复杂的就容易上手了,虽然简单还是需要练一练。
1.使用docker搭建web服务
  本来使用的centos基础镜像创建容器,但是发现centos的基础镜像东西实在太少了,yum安装nginx报缺少库文件等等错误,所以我直接用nginx的docker镜像来创建容器。
  因过程比较简单易懂,所以我直接写操作步骤了,
  


[*]  mkdir –p /opt/docker-file/sample&& cd /opt/docker-file/sample
[*]  mkdir nginx && cd nginx
[*]  wget https://github.com/z843248880/docker-sf-test/blob/master/sample/nginx/global.conf
[*]  wget https://github.com/z843248880/docker-sf-test/blob/master/sample/nginx/nginx.conf
[*]  cd /opt/docker-file/sample&& vim Dockerfile,文件内容如下,
  FROM nginx
  MAINTAINERsf_nginx_web_test
  ENVREFRESHED 2016-09-27
  RUN mkdir-p /var/www/html
  ADDnginx/global.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/
  ADDnginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    EXPOSE 80

[*]  docker build –t web_test/nginx/opt/docker-file/sample/
[*]  mkdir –p /opt/docker-file/sample/website
[*]  wget https://github.com/z843248880/docker-sf-test/blob/master/sample/website/index.html
[*]  docker run -d -p 80 --name website_v1–v /opt/docker-file/sample /website/:/var/www/html/website web_test/nginx nginx
[*]  docker ps –l 查看到宿主机对应容器80是哪个端口号,比如说是32768
[*]  在宿主机,修改hosts文件绑定域名,然后blog.zsc.com:32768即可访问到容器里的nginx。修改宿主的/opt/docker-file/sample/website/index.html内容会实时更新到容器的index.html。
  

2.构建sinatra应用程序
  本想用centos作为镜像构建容器的,但是小问题很多,yun源、ruby版本等,所以直接用ubuntu吧,简单。
  sinatra应用会把用户的输入转成json序列;步骤见下,
  

  

[*]  mkdir /opt/docker-file/sinatra&& cd /opt/docker-file/Sinatra
[*]  vim Dockerfile,
  FROMubuntu
  MAINTAINERsf 843248880@qq.com
  ENVREFRESHED 2016-09-28
  RUNapt-get update
  RUNapt-get -y install ruby ruby-dev build-essential redis-tools
  RUN geminstall --no-rdoc --no-ri sinatra json redis
  RUN mkdir-p /opt/webapp
  EXPOSE 4567
    CMD ["/opt/webapp/bin/webapp" ]
  3. docker build –t web/sinatra .
  4. wget --cut-dirs=3 -nH -r --no-parenthttp://dockerbook.com/code/5/sinatra/webapp/
  5. chmod +x /opt/docker-file/sinatra/webapp/bin/webapp
  6. docker run –d –p 4567 –namewebapp –v /opt/docker-file/sinatra/webapp:/opt/webapp web/Sinatra
  7.      curl -i -H 'Accept:application/json' -d 'name=sf&age=yx' http://localhost:32768/json
会得到结果:{"name":"sf","age":"yx"}
  

3.构建redis容器存储sinatra的执行结果

[*]  mkdir /opt/docker-file/redis&& cd /opt/docker-file/redis
[*]  vim Dockerfile,
  FROMcentos
  MAINTAINERsf 843248880@qq.com
  ENVREFRESHED 2016-09-28
  RUN yum-y install wget
  RUN if [-f /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo ];then mv/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup;fi
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repohttp://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
  RUN if [-f /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo ];then /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo.backup;fi
  RUN if [-f /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo ];then mv/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo.backup;fi
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
  RUN yumclean all
  RUN yummakecache
  RUN yum-y update
  RUN yum-y install redis
  EXPOSE6379
    ENTRYPOINT ["/usr/sbin/redis-server" ]
  3. docker build –t redis/sinatra_test.
  4.   dockerrun –d –name redis redis/sinatra_test   #注意,这里没有指定端口
  

  5. vim /opt/docker-file/sinatra/webapp/lib/app.rb,与redis建立连接,内容见下,
  require"rubygems"
require"sinatra"
require"json"
require"redis"
  class App < Sinatra::Application
  redis = Redis.new(:host => 'db', :port => '6379')
  set :bind, '0.0.0.0'
  get '/' do
  "<h1>DockerBook Test Redis-enabled Sinatraapp</h1>"
  end
  get '/json' do
  params = redis.get "params"
  params.to_json
  end
  post '/json/?' do
  redis.set "params", .to_json
  params.to_json
  end
  end
  6. docker run -p 4567 --name webapp -d--link redis:db -v /opt/docker-file/sinatra/webapp:/opt/webappzsc/sinatra_ubuntu
  #--link:直接把两个容器链接起来,此时webapp这个容器能访问redis容器的所有开放端口,所以刚才构建redis容器时没有指定端口。
  7.   curl -i -H 'Accept: application/json' -d 'name1=123&age1=456' http://localhost:32779/json
  然后curl -i http://localhost:32779/json就能取到redis里的内容了。
  

  

  
4.docker构建jenkins

[*]  mkdir –p /opt/docker-file/jenkins&& cd /opt/docker-file/jenkins
[*]  拷贝java.tar.gz和宿主机的/etc/init.d/functions和/sbin/consoletype到当前目录
[*]  vim Dockerfile
  FROM centos
  MAINTAINERsf 843248880@qq.com
  ENVREFRESHED 2016-09-30
  RUN mkdir/opt/Jenkins
  RUN yum-y install wget
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repohttp://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repohttp://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
  RUN rpm--import http://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
  RUN yumclean all
  RUN yummakecache
  RUN yum-y install jenkins
  ADDjava.tar.gz /usr/local/
  RUN echo-e 'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java\nexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH\nexportCLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar\n' >>/etc/profile
  RUN ./etc/profile
  RUN ln -s/usr/local/java/bin/java /usr/bin/java
  ADDfunctions /etc/init.d/
  ADDconsoletype /sbin/
  RUN chmod755 /sbin/consoletype
  VOLUME/var/lib/docker
  EXPOSE8080
  #ENTRYPOINT[ "/etc/init.d/jenkins " ]
    #CMD [ "/etc/init.d/jenkins start" ]
  4. docker build –t Jenkins_centos.
  5. docker run –d –name Jenkins_v1 –p8080:8080 jenkins_centos /etc/init.d/Jenkins start
  6. 在宿主机上访问“宿主IP:8080”即可开始配置jenkins。
  

  然后就可以使用Jenkins进行持续集成测试了,由于我不熟悉jenkins,关于后续的jenkins作业内容就不写了。
  

5.结合nginx构建jekyll博客网站
5.1 jekyll基础镜像

[*]  mkdir –p /opt/docker-file/Jekyll&& cd /opt/docker-file/jekyll
[*]  vim Dockerfile
  FROMcentos
  MAINTAINERsf 843248880@qq.com
  ENVREFRESHED 16_10_09
  RUN yum-y install wget
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repohttp://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
  RUN wget-O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
  RUN yumclean all
  RUN yummakecache
  RUN yum-y install make nodejs ruby ruby-devel gcc gcc-c++
  RUN gemsources --remove https://rubygems.org/
  RUN gemsources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/
  RUN geminstall jekyll
  VOLUME/data
  VOLUME/var/www/html
  WORKDIR/data
    ENTRYPOINT ["jekyll","build","--destination=/var/www/html" ]
  3. docker build –t Jekyll/centos .
  

5.2 nginx镜像

[*]  mkdir –p /opt/docker-file/nginx_jekyll&& cd /opt/docker-file/nginx_jekyll
[*]  将nginx-1.10.1.tar.gz 和pcre-8.39.tar.gz拷贝到当前目录(请自行下载)
[*]  vim Dockerfile
  FROMcentos
  MAINTAINERsf
  #ADD使用这个命令拷贝压缩包会自动解压
  ADDpcre-8.39.tar.gz /usr/local/src
  ADDnginx-1.10.1.tar.gz /usr/local/src
  

  RUN yuminstall -y wget gcc gcc-c++ make openssl-devel
  RUNuseradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
  #WORKDIR 相当于cd,切换到目录
  WORKDIR/usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.1
  RUN /configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx-1.10 --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module--with-http_stub_status_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.39 &&make && make install
  RUN echo"daemon off;" >> /usr/local/nginx-1.10/conf/nginx.conf
  RUN sed-i '44s#html#/var/www/html#g' /usr/local/nginx-1.10/conf/nginx.conf
  VOLUME ["/var/www/html" ]
  ENV PATH/usr/local/nginx-1.10/sbin:$PATH
  EXPOSE 80
    WORKDIR /usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.1/sbin
  4. docker build -tnginx_jekyll/centos .
  

5.3 下载网站源码并启动上面俩容器

[*]  cd /root
[*]  git clone https://github.com/z843248880/docker-sf-test.git
[*]  docker run -v/root/docker-sf-test/james_blog:/data/ --name jemes_blog jeykll/centos
[*]  docker run -d -P --volumes-fromjemes_blog --name nginx_jekyll_v5 nginx_jekyll/centos nginx
  

  说明:进入家目录,使用git下载jekyll源码;启动jeykll同时将本地的/root/docker-sf-test/james_blog目录挂载到容器的/data/目录;启动nginx同时使nginx容器能使用jekyll容器的所有卷。
  做完上面步骤,用命令docker ps -l查看nginx容器桥接到了宿主机的哪个端口,比如说是32782,则在宿主浏览器上“宿主IP:32782”就能访问网站内容了。
  

5.4 更新jeykll网站
  vim /root/docker-sf-test/james_blog/_config.yml,看着改,比如我改成了下面这样,
  

  

5.5 备份jeykll网站源码
  docker run --rm --volumes-from jemes_blog-v /root/jekyll_bakcup:/backup centos tar cvf /backup/jemes_blog.tar.gz/var/www/html
  可以写脚本来定时备份源码文件。
  任何服务都可以运行在docker容器里,但最好每个docker容器只运行一个进程,比如只运行一个订单服务的java进程、购物车服务的java进程,起停服务、更新war包都很方便。
  



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