LNMP分离式部署实例
很多人在练习部署LNMP环境的时候，大都数是部署在同一个虚拟机上面的。但是实际工作中，我们一般都是分离部署的。今天我就用3台虚拟机，部署下LNMP环境。以供参考！
网络拓扑图：
首先准备3台虚拟机：
nginx:192.168.1.214
php:192.168.1.202
mysql:192.168.1.217
首先安装ngix（192.168.1.214）:
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#解决依赖
yum install -y gcc,openssl-devel,pcre-devel,zilb-develpcre-devel
#关闭防火墙和修改selinux
service iptables stop
chkconfig iptables off
sed -i's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/selinux/config
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#添加一个nginx用户
# groupadd -g 108 -r nginx
# useradd -u 108 -r -g 108 nginx
# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
# cd nginx-1.6.0
# ./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx/
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf/
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log/
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log/
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid/
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock/
--user=nginx/
--group=nginx/
--with-http_ssl_module/
--with-http_flv_module/
--with-http_stub_status_module/
--with-http_gzip_static_module/
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi/
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi/
--with-pcre
make && make install
nginx启动脚本：
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# cat /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/sh
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
添加执行权限：
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# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
#添加脚本到开机启动项
# chkconfig --add nginx
# chkconfig nginx on
# chkconfig nginx --list
nginx 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭
#启动nginx
# service nginx start
正在启动 nginx： [确定]
#查看端口是否正常
# netstat -ntlp | grep :80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3889/nginx
# Nginx安装与配置完毕
#安装MySQL（192.168.1.217）
#注意：这里是直接解压MySQL的
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#添加MySQL用户
#groupadd -r mysql
#useradd -r -g mysql -s
#/sbin/nologin mysql
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#解压到指定路径
#tar xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
#cd /usr/local/
#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
`/usr/local/mysql' -> `/usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/'
#cd mysql
#chown -R root.mysql *
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#初始化数据库；并指定其用户和data目录
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql--datadir=/Mysql/data
ls /Mysql/data/
lost+foundmysql
mysql-bin.000001mysql-bin.000002mysql-bin.index
performance_schematest
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#没有报错并生成以上文件即可
cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 配置一个配置文件
vi /etc/my.cnf 更改已下配置选项；具体选项根据自己需要配置
# The MySQL server
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for
thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 4
datadir = /Mysql/data 新增一行
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#提供一个服务脚本
cp support-files/mysql.server
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
service mysqld start
Starting
MySQL...
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#用mysql命令启动成功后错误信息
vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
`/usr/include/mysql' ->`/usr/local/mysql/include/'
vi /etc/man.config
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定位到MANPATH
MANPATH /usr/man
MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANPATH /usr/local/man
MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
MANPATH /usr/X11R6/man
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man #添加一行
echo /usr/local/mysql/lib/ >
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
安装PHP
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yum install zlib libxml libjpegfreetype gd curl libiconv zlib-devel libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devellibpng-devel gd-devel curl-devel libmcrypt-devellibxslt* bzip2* -y
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#添加nginx用户
useradd nginx
#安装libiconv-1.14库
tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
echo $?
make
echo $?
make install
echo $?
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#安装libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz库
tar zxvflibmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make
make install
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#安装mhash-0.9.9.9
tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9
./configure
make
make install
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#安装mcrypt
tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8
/sbin/ldconfig
./configureLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib
make
make install
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tar zxvf php-5.3.27.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.27
./configure--prefix=/application/php5.3.27
--with-mysqli=mysqlnd /
--with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd/
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/libiconv /
--with-freetype-dir /
--with-jpeg-dir/
--with-png-dir /
--with-zlib /
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/
--enable-xml /
--disable-rpath/
--enable-safe-mode/
--enable-bcmath/
--enable-shmop /
--enable-sysvsem/
--enable-inline-optimization /
--with-curl /
--with-curlwrappers /
--enable-mbregex/
--enable-fpm /
--enable-mbstring /
--with-mcrypt /
--with-gd /
--enable-gd-native-ttf/
--with-openssl /
--with-mhash /
--enable-pcntl /
--enable-sockets/
--with-xmlrpc/
--enable-zip/
--enable-soap/
--enable-short-tags /
--enable-zend-multibyte /
--enable-static /
--with-xsl/
--enable-ftp
make && make install
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#若make出错
/home/tools/php-5.3.27/sapi/cli/php:error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so.18: cannot open sharedobject file: No such file or directory
make: *** 错误 127
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#解决方法
ln -s/application/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib64/
make
make install
ln -s /application/php5.3.27//application/php
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#配置PHP
cp php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini
cd /application/php/etc/
vim php-fpm.conf
#修改如下：
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen = 192.168.1.202:9000
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#启动php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm start
netstat -lntup|grep 9000
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.202:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1422/php-fpm
#整合Nginx和PHP
#这里是在Nginx(192.168.1.214)下操作：
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vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
location / {
root /www;#更改目录
indexindex.php index.html index.htm;#添加一个index.php
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /www;#更改目录
fastcgi_pass 192.168.1.202:9000;#这里为PHP服务器的地址
fastcgi_indexindex.php;
fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME/scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
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vim /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params
#添加以下这行：
fastcgi_paramSCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
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#创建一个/www目录，并且创建一个test.php文件
mkdir /www
chown nginx:nginx /www/
cd /www
vim test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
#注意：这里先不要重启nginx
#以下操作是在PHP：192.168.1.202中进行
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mdkir /www
chown -R nginx:nginx /www/
cd /www/
vim test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
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#重启php-fpm
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
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#在nginx中重启nginx服务
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
在浏览器中输入：192.168.1.214/test.php
出现以下页面，证明nginx和php整合成功了！
#最后是创建一个wordpress站点
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创建站点，首先我们的nginx必须要跟MySQL是互通的。现在我们先在MySQL下授权nginx这台服务器能够访问数据库：
#这里是在MySQL（192.168.1.217）下操作的：
mysql -uroot -proot 登陆数据库
#创建一个数据库
mysql> create database wp;
mysql> use wp;
mysql> grant all privileges on wp.* to 'wpuser'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
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#在nginx的/www目录下面解压wordpress-4.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
#tar zxvf wordpress-4.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
#cp -r wordpress/* .
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#在php的/www目录下面解压
wordpress-4.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
#tar zxvf wordpress-4.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
#cp -r wordpress/* .
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#重启nginx服务和php-fpm服务
/etc/init.d/nginx restart
/etc/init.d/php-fpm restart
#浏览器中输入:192.168.1.214,会出现设置的页面
好了，关于LNMP的分离部署就完成了。若在部署中出现问题，可以发送到我邮291406980@qq.com
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