nginx、Apache负载均衡后端主机tomcat，并实现session保持
一、实验环境准备1.主机规划
Apache主机172.18.12.20TomcatA172.18.12.21TomcatB172.18.12.22
2.tomcat主机安装和配置
# yum install -y java-1.7.0-openjdk java-1.7.0-openjdk-devel
# vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
# yum install -y tomcat tomcat-lib tomcat-webapps tomcat-admin-webapps 3.为tomcat主机配置不同的页面来显示配置效果，注意在生产环境中他们应该是相同的页面
# mkdir /var/lib/tomcat/webapps/myapp
# mkdir /var/lib/tomcat/webapps/myapp/{classes,lib,WEB-INF,META-INF} a)TomcatA主机
# vim /var/lib/tomcat/webapps/myapp/index.jsp
TomcatA
TomcatA.magedu.com
Session ID
Created on
#systemctl starttomcat
b)TomcatB主机
# vim /var/lib/tomcat/webapps/myapp/index.jsp
TomcatB
TomcatB.magedu.com
Session ID
Created on
#systemctl start tomcat
4.Apache主机配置
Apache负载均衡后端主机有三种实现方法，此处我们分别介绍
1）使用httpd自带的模块mod_proxy_http+mod_proxy_balancer通过http协议来实现负载均衡
负载均衡实现
# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf
BalancerMember http://172.18.12.21:8080
BalancerMember http://172.18.12.22:8080
ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
ServerName lb.magedu.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
Require all granted
ProxyPass / balancer://tcsrvs/
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://tcsrvs/
Require all granted
# systemctl restart httpd
会话保持(session stiky)
# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy.conf Header add Set-Cookie "ROUTEID=.%{BALANCER_WORKER_ROUTE}e; path=/" env=BALANCER_ROUTE_CHANGED
BalancerMember http://172.18.12.21:8080 route=TomcatA loadfactor=1
BalancerMember http://172.18.12.22:8080 route=TomcatB loadfactor=2
ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
ProxySet stickysession=ROUTEID
ServerName dy.magedu.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
Require all granted
ProxyPass / balancer://tcsrvs/
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://tcsrvs/
Require all granted
SetHandler balancer-manager
ProxyPass !
Require all granted
# systemctl reload httpd 2）使用httpd自带的模块mod_proxy_ajp+mod_proxy_balancer通过http协议来实现负载均衡
# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_proxy_ajp.conf
BalancerMemberajp://172.18.12.21:8009 route=TomcatA loadfactor=1
BalancerMember ajp://172.18.12.22:8009 route=TomcatB loadfactor=2
ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
ServerName lb.magedu.com
ProxyVia On
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPreserveHost On
Require all granted
ProxyPass / balancer://tcsrvs/
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://tcsrvs/
Require all granted
SetHandler balancer-manager
ProxyPass !
Require all granted
#systemctl reload httpd 3）使用第三方模块mod_jk
1.编译安装mod_jk
# yum groupinstall -y "development tools" "server platform development"
# yum install httpd-devel
# tar -xf tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src.tar.gz
# cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.40-src/native/
# ./configure--with-apxs=/usr/bin/apxs
#make && make install 模块配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_jk.conf
#vim/etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_jk.conf LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /* tcsrvs定义一个负载均衡组
JkMount /jk_status StatA
workers配置文件：/etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties
#vim/etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properties worker.list=tcsrvs,StatA
worker.TomcatA.host=172.18.12.21
worker.TomcatA.port=8009
worker.TomcatA.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatA.lbfactor=1
worker.TomcatB.host=172.18.12.22
worker.TomcatB.port=8009
worker.TomcatB.type=ajp13
worker.TomcatB.lbfactor=2
worker.tcsrvs.type=lb
worker.tcsrvs.balance_workers=TomcatA,TomcatB
worker.tcsrvs.sticky_session=0是否开启会话保持
worker.StatA.type=status
如果要做会话绑定，此处的配置文件使用worker的名称，要与后端tomcat的Engine属性中的jvmRoute的值保持一致；
应做如下修改：
worker.tcsrvs.sticky_session=1
# vim /etc/tomcat/server.xml
# vim /etc/tomcat/server.xml
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