构建高可用服务器之三 Keepalive均衡Mysql
实验目的：通过Keepalive来构建Mysql的高可用。Mysql已做主从，当一台Mysql宕机的时候不影响对Mysql的调用。
实验环境：
两台Mysql服务器(基于LAMP且已做主从)，两台Mysql服务器都通过Apache发布Discuz论坛(discuz调用的是主mysql地址)。
身份 主机名 IP地址
主Mysql master 192.168.1.3
从Myslq slave 192.168.1.4
LAMP平台请参见<<搭建Discuz论坛的两种方式>>
Mysql主从参见<<构建Mysql三部曲之三 主从案例>>
实验步骤：
一、在主mysql上安装配置keepalive
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# bash keepalive_install.sh
“脚本”内容如下：
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# cat keepalive_install.sh
#!/bin/bash
yum -yinstall kernel-devel openssl-develpopt-devel &&
wgethttp://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz &&
tar -zxf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz &&
cd keepalived-1.1.15 &&
./configure--with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/ &&
make && make install &&
DIR=/usr/local/
cp $DIR/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/&&
cp $DIR/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/&& mkdir -p /etc/keepalived &&
cp $DIR/sbin/keepalived/usr/sbin/&&
cp/usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ &&
/etc/init.d/keepalived restart
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo -e '\e[32mInstall Keepalive Successfully!\e[0m'
else
echo -e '\e[31mInstall Keepalive Failure!\e[0m'
fi
加载ip_vs的内核模块
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# modprobe ip_vs
# modprobe ip_vs_wrr
# modprobe ip_vs_rr
修改keepalived.conf配置文件如下：
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# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
# cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
654001593@qq.com
}
notification_email_from root@localhost.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.77
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.77 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.3 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down/data/sh/ keepalive_stop.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
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# mkdir -p /data/sh
# vim/data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
# chmod +x /data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
# /etc/init.d/keepalivedreload
Reloading keepalived:
# cat/data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
#!/bin/bash
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
#
二、在从mysql上安装配置keepalive
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# bash keepalive_install.sh
“脚本”内容如下，同master上执行的脚本一致(非严格意义上的脚本，安装命令放一起而已)。
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# cat keepalive_install.sh
#!/bin/bash
yum -y installkernel-developenssl-develpopt-devel &&
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz&&
tar -zxf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz &&
cd keepalived-1.1.15 &&
./configure--with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/ &&
make && make install &&
DIR=/usr/local/
cp $DIR/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/&&
cp $DIR/etc/sysconfig/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/ && mkdir -p /etc/keepalived &&
cp $DIR/sbin/keepalived/usr/sbin/&&
cp/usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ &&
/etc/init.d/keepalived restart
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
echo -e '\e[32mInstall Keepalive Successfully!\e[0m'
else
echo -e '\e[31mInstall Keepalive Failure!\e[0m'
fi
#
加载ip_vs的内核模块
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# modprobe ip_vs
# modprobe ip_vs_wrr
# modprobe ip_vs_rr
修改keepalived.conf配置文件如下
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# vim/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
# cat/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
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! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
654001593@qq.com
}
notification_email_from root@localhost.com
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP !此处同master不一样
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 90 !优先级比master上低
advert_int 1
authentication{
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.77
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.1.77 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.4 3306 { !Slave上的IP
weight 1
notify_down/data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
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#
root@slave ~]# mkdir -p /data/sh
# vim/data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
# chmod +x/data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
# /etc/init.d/keepalivedreload
Reloading keepalived:
# cat/data/sh/keepalive_stop.sh
#!/bin/bash
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
#
三、修改Discuz论坛数据库连接IP为VIP
直接访问master上的192.168.1.3论坛是可以访问的，且直接访问slave上的192.168.1.4论坛也是可以访问的，现在我们直接访问VIP(虚拟IP) 192.168.1.77依旧可以访问论坛。
这个时候因为discuz调用的是master上的数据库IP，所以我们应该让其调用VIP 192.168.1.77,这样才能保证在主挂的时候自动切换到从上。
在master上
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#sed -i 's/192.168.1.3/192.168.1.77/'/usr/local/apache/htdocs/config/config_global.php
#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart
在slave上
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#sed -i 's/192.168.1.3/192.168.1.77/'/usr/local/apache/htdocs/config/config_global.php
#/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl restart
四、测试
上边两个图很明显可以看出此时VIP在master上。
手动模拟master上的mysql关闭
VIP自动漂到slave上
论坛依旧可以访问
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