vlan间路由，VTP，DHCP，PVST，HSRP。真是综合了好多知识点。
本实验知识点有vlan，vlan间路由，VLAN的vtp协议，DHCP协议，热备份路由协议（HSRP协议），多vlan生成树协议（pvst），实验目的就是加入上述协议实现主机间的通信。在实际中也是应用很广泛的。PT6.2版本做的实验，6.0版本以下不支持。请大家关照
第一步：先把每个交换机上各个接口起TRUNK模式（除了接PC的接口）
SW1
Switch>
Switch>
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW1
SW1(config)#int range fa 0/8-11
SW1(config-if-range)#swi
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport r
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport t
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk en
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation d
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW1(config-if-range)#swi
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode t
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
这种方法就是把各个接口都封装成dot1q，思科三层交换机端口对于vlan间路由默认有两种封装协议即802.1q，也就是dot1q，另一种协议就是ISL协议，为思科私有。若不封装特定协议就直接打switchport mode trunk的话，三层交换机自身将无法选择协议去封装，这样就无法把端口设为TRUNK模式。必须指定一种协议，这里我们用公用协议dot1q。
还有一种方法也可起TRUNK
SW1(config)#int range fa 0/8-11
SW1(config-if-range)#swi
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode ac
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode access
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode t
SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
这种方法就是先把端口设为access接口模式，这样就默认封装了dot1q协议，也能起TRUNK。
思科二层交换机默认封装的是dot1q协议。所以可以直接TRUNK。
SW2
Switch>
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW2
SW2(config)#int range fa 0/8-11
SW2(config-if-range)#swi
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport t
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk e
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation d
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW2(config-if-range)#swi
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode t
SW2(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW2(config-if-range)#
SW3
Switch>
Switch>
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW3
SW3(config)#int range fa 0/10-11
SW3(config-if-range)#swi
SW3(config-if-range)#switchport mode t
SW3(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
SW4
Switch>
Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW4
SW4(config)#int range fa 0/10-11
SW4(config-if-range)#swi
SW4(config-if-range)#switchport mode t
SW4(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk
第二步：分别把SW1和SW2的fa0/8和fa0/9端口进行端口汇聚。
SW1：
SW1(config)#
SW1(config)#
SW1(config)#int range fa 0/8-9
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-g
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 ?
modeEtherchannel Mode of the interface
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode ?
active Enable LACP unconditionally
auto Enable PAgP only if a PAgP device is detected
desirableEnable PAgP unconditionally
on Enable Etherchannel only
passive Enable LACP only if a LACP device is detected
SW1(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on
SW1(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/8, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/8, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/9, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/9, changed state to up
SW2：
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#int range fa 0/8-9
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-g
SW2(config-if-range)#channel-group 1 mode on 把这两个端口加入汇聚组1
SW2(config-if-range)#
Creating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Port-channel 1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/8, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/8, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/9, changed state to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/9, changed state to up
咱们在特权模式下来查看一下
SW2#
SW2#show et
SW2#show etherchannel s
SW2#show etherchannel summary
Flags:D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port
Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1
GroupPort-channelProtocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
1 Po1(SU) - Fa0/8(P) Fa0/9(P)
怎么样，S表示是二层汇聚，U表示已经应用，P代表已加入汇聚组1了
再来查查SW1的汇聚情况
SW1#
SW1#show et
SW1#show etherchannel s
SW1#show etherchannel summary
Flags:D - down P - in port-channel
I - stand-alone s - suspended
H - Hot-standby (LACP only)
R - Layer3 S - Layer2
U - in use f - failed to allocate aggregator
u - unsuitable for bundling
w - waiting to be aggregated
d - default port
Number of channel-groups in use: 1
Number of aggregators: 1
GroupPort-channelProtocol Ports
------+-------------+-----------+----------------------------------------------
1 Po1(SU) - Fa0/8(P) Fa0/9(P)
OK，做汇聚是不是很简单，just so so.....呵呵
第三步：设SW1上为VTP的服务器，其他就是客户端模式咯，对吧！
SW1#
SW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#vtp mode s
SW1(config)#vtp mode server设为服务器
Device mode already VTP SERVER.
SW1(config)#vtp do
SW1(config)#vtp domain liuye 设置一个域名，就liuye，也就是我名字。刘烨.
Changing VTP domain name from QQ to liuye
SW1(config)#vtp pa
SW1(config)#vtp password 123456 设密码为123456，不设也行，这里演示下，那我就把密码删掉，不要密码。好， 删掉....
SW1(config)#no vtp pa
SW1(config)#no vtp password 123456
Clearing device VLAN database password. 显示已清除密码。
SW2
SW2>en
SW2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW2(config)#vtp mode c
SW2(config)#vtp mode client
Device mode already VTP CLIENT.
SW2(config)#vtp domain liuye
Domain name already set to liuye.
SW3
SW3>en
SW3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW3(config)#vtp mode c
SW3(config)#vtp mode client
Device mode already VTP CLIENT.
SW3(config)#vtp domain liuye
Domain name already set to liuye.
SW4
SW4>en
SW4#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW4(config)#vtp mode c
SW4(config)#vtp mode client
Device mode already VTP CLIENT.
SW4(config)#vtp domain liuye
Domain name already set to liuye.
接下来在SW1上创建vlan10，vlan20，vlan30，vlan40
SW1#
SW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#vlan 10
SW1(config-vlan)#ex
SW1(config)#vlan 20
SW1(config-vlan)#ex
SW1(config)#vlan 30
SW1(config-vlan)#ex
SW1(config)#vlan 40
SW1(config-vlan)#ex
查看下vlan创建了吗？
SW1(config)#do show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN0010 active
20 VLAN0020 active
30 VLAN0030 active
40 VLAN0040 active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
VLAN TypeSAID MTU Parent RingNo BridgeNo StpBrdgMode Trans1 Trans2
---- ----- ---------- ----- ------ ------ -------- ---- -------- ------ ------
1 enet100001 1500- - - - - 0 0
10 enet100010 1500- - - - - 0 0
20 enet100020 1500- - - - - 0 0
30 enet100030 1500- - - - - 0 0
40 enet100040 1500- - - - - 0 0
1002 fddi101002 1500- - - - - 0 0
1003 tr 101003 1500- - - - - 0 0
1004 fdnet 101004 1500- - - ieee - 0 0
1005 trnet 101005 1500- - - ibm- 0 0
Remote SPAN VLANs
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
创建好了，查看SW2和SW3和SW4.
SW2#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23, Fa0/24
Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN0010 active
20 VLAN0020 active
30 VLAN0030 active
40 VLAN0040 active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
SW2学到了
SW3#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN0010 active
20 VLAN0020 active
30 VLAN0030 active
40 VLAN0040 active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
SW3也学到了
SW4#
SW4#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN0010 active
20 VLAN0020 active
30 VLAN0030 active
40 VLAN0040 active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
SW4也学到了，OK。
第四步：在SW3和SW4把相关端口划入各个vlan
SW3
SW3#
SW3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW3(config)#int range fa 0/1-2
SW3(config-if-range)#swi
SW3(config-if-range)#switchport ac
SW3(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 10
SW3(config-if-range)#ex
SW3(config)#int range fa 0/3-4
SW3(config-if-range)#swi
SW3(config-if-range)#switchport ac
SW3(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 20
还是好习惯，查看下
SW3#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN0010 active Fa0/1, Fa0/2
20 VLAN0020 active Fa0/3, Fa0/4
30 VLAN0030 active
40 VLAN0040 active
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
配置好了
SW4
SW4#
SW4#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW4(config)#int range fa 0/1-2
SW4(config-if-range)#swi
SW4(config-if-range)#switchport ac
SW4(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 30
SW4(config-if-range)#ex
SW4(config)#int range fa 0/3-4
SW4(config-if-range)#swi
SW4(config-if-range)#switchport ac
SW4(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 40
查看
SW4#
SW4#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1 default active Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18
Fa0/19, Fa0/20, Fa0/21, Fa0/22
Fa0/23, Fa0/24, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
10 VLAN0010 active
20 VLAN0020 active
30 VLAN0030 active Fa0/1, Fa0/2
40 VLAN0040 active Fa0/3, Fa0/4
1002 fddi-default act/unsup
1003 token-ring-default act/unsup
1004 fddinet-default act/unsup
1005 trnet-default act/unsup
第五步：进入SW1和SW2内的各个vlan，配上ip地址，然后在SW1上创建DHCP服务器
在SW1内的各个vlan，配上IP地址。
SW1(config)#
SW1(config)#
SW1(config)#int vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0
SW1(config-if)#ex
SW1(config)#int vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0
SW1(config-if)#ex
SW1(config)#int vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.3.254 255.255.255.0
SW1(config-if)#ex
SW1(config)#int vlan 40
SW1(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.4.254 255.255.255.0
SW1(config-if)#ex
在SW2内配置各个vlan的ip地址，不能和SW1重复
SW2#
SW2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW2(config)#int vlan 10
SW2(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.1.253 255.255.255.0
SW2(config-if)#ex
SW2(config)#int vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.2.253 255.255.255.0
SW2(config-if)#ex
SW2(config)#int vlan 30
SW2(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.3.253 255.255.255.0
SW2(config-if)#ex
SW2(config)#int vlan 40
SW2(config-if)#ip ad 192.168.4.253 255.255.255.0
在SW1上创建DHCP服务器
SW1(config)#ip dh
SW1(config)#ip dhcp pool 1 设一个名为1的地址池
SW1(dhcp-config)#ne
SW1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 设为vlan10内的网段
SW1(dhcp-config)#de
SW1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.1.254 默认网关
SW1(dhcp-config)#ex
SW1(config)#ip dh
SW1(config)#ip dhcp pool 2 设一个名为2的地址池
SW1(dhcp-config)#ne
SW1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 设为vlan20内的网段
SW1(dhcp-config)#de
SW1(dhcp-config)#default-router
SW1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.2.254 默认网关
SW1(dhcp-config)#ex
SW1(config)#ip dh
SW1(config)#ip dhcp pool 3 设一个名为3的地址池
SW1(dhcp-config)#ne
SW1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 设为vlan30内的网段
SW1(dhcp-config)#de
SW1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.3.254 默认网关
SW1(dhcp-config)#ex
SW1(config)#ip dhcp pool 4 设一个名为4的地址池
SW1(dhcp-config)#ne
SW1(dhcp-config)#network 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 设为vlan40内的网段
SW1(dhcp-config)#de
SW1(dhcp-config)#default-router 192.168.4.254 默认网关
SW1(dhcp-config)#ex
当vlan10内的主机向SW1上的DHCP服务器请求ip地址时，服务器会看符合vlan10地址是什么，它一看vlan10的ip地址是192.168.1.254，所以它就会从192.168.1.0这个网段拿出地址分配给vlan10内的主机。这是我通俗的解释，详细的在这上是说不完的。 vlan20,30,40也是这样道理。
这里提一下，还要开启SW1和SW2的路由功能，很多人做实验，往往都会忽略这一点。
SW1(config)#ip routing
SW2(config)#ip routing
这个时候你在用PC自动获取ip，就能获取到了。
第六步：多vlan生成树（pvst），设SW1为vlan10和vlan20的主根，为vlan30和vlan40的备份根。
SW1#
SW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#span
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10,20 root pri
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10,20 root primary
SW1(config)#span
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 root se
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 root secondary
查看下呗
SW1
SW1#show span
SW1#show spanning-tree vlan 10 查看基于vlan10生成树的情况
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID主根 Priority 24586 优先级
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
This bridge is the root 这个交换机就是vlan10的主根
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 24586(priority 24576 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
Po1 Desg FWD 9 128.31 Shr 汇聚组1的链路。端口转发状态
查看vlan20的
SW1#show span
SW1#show spanning-tree vlan 20
VLAN0020
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24596
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
This bridge is the root 这个交换机就是vlan20的主根
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 24596(priority 24576 sys-id-ext 20)
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
Po1 Desg FWD 9 128.31 Shr 汇聚组1的链路。端口转发状态
查看vlan30
SW1#show sp
SW1#show spanning-tree vlan 30
VLAN0030
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24606
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Cost 9
Port 31(Port-channel 1)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 28702(priority 28672 sys-id-ext 30)
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
Po1 Root FWD 9 128.31 Shr 端口转发状态
查看vlan40
SW1#show sp
SW1#show spanning-tree vlan 40
VLAN0040
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24616
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Cost 9
Port 31(Port-channel 1)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 28712(priority 28672 sys-id-ext 40)
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
Po1 Root FWD 9 128.31 Shr 端口转发状态
接下来设SW2为vlan30和vlan40的主根，为vlan10和vlan20的备份根。
SW2#
SW2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW2(config)#sp
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 root
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 root p
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 30,40 root primary
SW2(config)#span
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10,20 root s
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 10,20 root secondary
再查看各个vlan生成树的情况
vlan30的情况
SW2#show sp
SW2#show spanning-tree vlan 30基于vlan30的生成树
VLAN0030
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24606
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
This bridge is the root 这个交换机是vlan30的主根
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 24606(priority 24576 sys-id-ext 30)
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Po1 Desg FWD 9 128.31 Shr 汇聚组1的链路。端口转发状态
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
vlan40的情况
SW2#show sp
SW2#show spanning-tree vlan 40
VLAN0040
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24616
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
This bridge is the root 这个交换机是vlan40的主根
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 24616(priority 24576 sys-id-ext 40)
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Po1 Desg FWD 9 128.31 Shr 汇聚组1的链路。端口转发状态
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p
vlan10的情况
SW2#show sp
SW2#show spanning-tree vlan 10
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24586
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Cost 9
Port 31(Port-channel 1)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 28682(priority 28672 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Po1 Root FWD 9 128.31 Shr
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p
vlan20的情况
SW2#show sp
SW2#show spanning-tree vlan 20
VLAN0020
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24596
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Cost 9
Port 31(Port-channel 1)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 28692(priority 28672 sys-id-ext 20)
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Po1 Root FWD 9 128.31 Shr 汇聚组1的链路。端口转发状态
Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
在SW3和SW4上查看各个vlan的生成树情况
SW3
查看vlan10生成树情况
SW3#show sp
SW3#show spanning-tree vlan 10
VLAN0010
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24586
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Cost 19
Port 10(FastEthernet0/10)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 32778(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 10)
Address 0001.4323.6C20
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/1 Desg FWD 19 128.1 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/2 Desg FWD 19 128.2 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/10 Root FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Altn BLK 19 128.11 P2p 端口阻塞状态
查看vlan20生成树情况
SW3#show sp
SW3#show spanning-tree vlan 20
VLAN0020
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24596
Address 00E0.A33E.72E4
Cost 19
Port 10(FastEthernet0/10)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 32788(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 20)
Address 0001.4323.6C20
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/3 Desg FWD 19 128.3 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/4 Desg FWD 19 128.4 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/10 Root FWD 19 128.10 P2p 端口转发状态
Fa0/11 Altn BLK 19 128.11 P2p 端口阻塞状态
查看vlan30生成树情况
SW3#show sp
SW3#show spanning-tree vlan 30
VLAN0030
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24606
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Cost 19
Port 11(FastEthernet0/11)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 32798(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 30)
Address 0001.4323.6C20
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/10 Altn BLK 19 128.10 P2p 端口阻塞状态
Fa0/11 Root FWD 19 128.11 P2p 端口转发状态
查看vlan40生成树情况
SW3#show sp
SW3#show spanning-tree vlan 40
VLAN0040
Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee
Root ID Priority 24616
Address 00D0.D3EB.D53E
Cost 19
Port 11(FastEthernet0/11)
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Bridge IDPriority 32808(priority 32768 sys-id-ext 40)
Address 0001.4323.6C20
Hello Time2 secMax Age 20 secForward Delay 15 sec
Aging Time20
Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/10 Altn BLK 19 128.10 P2p端口阻塞状态
Fa0/11 Root FWD 19 128.11 P2p端口转发状态
SW4就不用看了吧，自己看去。多vlan生成树这玩意你要画图去研究各个关系，脑海想很容易乱，我当年也就是慢慢在纸上画图去比较的，慢慢就懂了，也不难，就是绕人。多理理就顺了。
第七步了，曹植七步作诗。我分七步做实验，呵呵开玩笑。
第七步：热备份路由协议（HSRP），将SW1作为vlan10和vlan20的主路由，为vlan30和vlan40的备份路由。将SW2作为vlan30和vlan40的主路由，为vlan10和vlan20的备份路由
SW1配置
SW1>en
SW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#int vlan 10
SW1(config-if)#st
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.1.254 虚拟网关，不会和SW1上的vlan10地址冲突
SW1(config-if)#stan
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 pri 这里的standby 10的数字10和vlan10没关系。10是组号。
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 priority 200 设置优先级为200，路由器默认100，优先级 SW1(config-if)#stan 的就是活动路由
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 pree
SW1(config-if)#standby 10 preempt 设置抢占
SW1(config-if)#
SW1(config-if)#ex
SW1(config)#stan
SW1(config)#st
SW1(config)#int vlan 20
SW1(config-if)#st
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.2.254虚拟网关，不会和SW1上的vlan20地址冲突
SW1(config-if)#stan
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 pri
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 priority 200
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 pre
SW1(config-if)#standby 20 preempt
SW1(config-if)#ex
SW1(config)#int vlan 30
SW1(config-if)#stan
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 ip 192.168.3.254虚拟网关，不会和SW1上的vlan30地址冲突
SW1(config-if)#stan
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 pr
SW1(config-if)#standby 30 preempt
SW1(config-if)#ex
SW1(config)#int vlan 40
SW1(config-if)#stan
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 ip 192.168.4.254虚拟网关，不会和SW1上的vlan40地址冲突
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 pre
SW1(config-if)#standby 40 preempt
查看
SW1#show standby brief
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface GrpPri P State Active活动路由Standby备份路由 Virtual IP
Vl10 10 200 P Active local 本地 192.168.1.253 192.168.1.254
Vl20 20 200 P Active local 本地 192.168.2.253 192.168.2.254
Vl30 30 100 P Standby192.168.3.253 local 本地 192.168.3.254
Vl40 40 100 P Standby192.168.4.253 local 本地 192.168.4.254
SW2配置
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#int vlan 10
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 ip 192.168.1.254
SW2(config-if)#sta
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 pre
SW2(config-if)#standby 10 preempt
SW2(config-if)#ex
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#int vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.2.254
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 pre
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 preempt
SW2(config-if)#ex
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#int vlan 20
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 ip 192.168.2.254
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 pre
SW2(config-if)#standby 20 preempt
SW2(config-if)#ex
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#
SW2(config)#int vlan 40
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 ip 192.168.4.254
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 pri
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 priority 200
SW2(config-if)#stan
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 pre
SW2(config-if)#standby 40 preempt
查看
SW2#
SW2#show stan
SW2#show standby b
SW2#show standby brief
P indicates configured to preempt.
|
Interface GrpPri P State Active Standby Virtual IP
Vl10 10 100 P Standby192.168.1.254 local 192.168.1.254
Vl20 20 100 P Standby192.168.2.254 local 192.168.2.254
Vl30 30 200 P Active local 192.168.3.254 192.168.3.254
Vl40 40 200 P Active local 192.168.4.254 192.168.4.254
和SW1比较下能看出来谁是主谁是备份。
大半夜没事在网吧给大家纯手打的，累死我了，谁能犒劳我下啊？
要是能够加上拓扑图和解释更加好了！
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