nagios+cacti整合（中文版）

wuliws · 发表于 2015-12-24 12:00:48

nagios+cacti整合的安装文档
安装环境LAMP
1.1 yum安装httpd、mysqld、php及依赖包
　　

yum -y install gcc* glibc* gd* php* mysql* http*
yum -y install httpd mysql-server perl-DBI perl-DBD-MySQL php php-devel php-mysql php-snmp php-pdophp-gd lm_sensors net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig snmpd on
service mysqld start
service httpd start
service snmpd start

　　

1.2测试mysql、php、Apache是否安装成功
　　编写php的测试页面
　　

vim /var/www/html/index.php

　　

　　访问http://10.7.7.22/index.php
　　
1.3创建cacti的数据库及cacti用户并赋予cacti用户权限
　　

mysqladmin -u root password '123'
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>Create database cacti default character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>Grant all on cacti.* to cacti@localhost identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>Flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye

　　

安装cacti
2.1安装rrdtool需要的软件包
　　

yum -y install cairo-devel libxml2-devel pango pango-devel

　　

2.2安装rrdtool
　　

tar zxvf rrdtool-1.4.4.tar.gz
cd rrdtool-1.4.4
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/rrdtool
make
make install
ln -s /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/* /usr/local/bin/ #此步非常重要

　　

2.3安装cacti-0.8.7.e中文版
　　

wget http://blogimg.chinaunix.net/blog/upfile2/090815172648.gz
tar xvf090815172648.gz -C /var/www/html
cd /var/www/html
mv cacti-0.8.7e-cn-utf8/ cacti
mysql -u cacti -p cacti /dev/null2>&1
service crond restart

　　

浏览器初始化cacti
3.1浏览器输入http://10.7.7.22/cacti/install初始化cacti
　　如果打开网页页面出现空白那么说明数据库没有导入进去重新导入数据库后重启httpd服务即可
　　
　　注意：RRDTOOLS版本默认为1.0.x改为1.3.x就行了
　　
3.2如果打开未看到生成图像请手动执行下面命令
　　

/usr/bin/php/var/www/cacti/poller.php &>/dev/null手动生成图像

　　

3.3字体在图形中显示不正常的解决方法
　　下载并安装中文字体这个是微米黑字体
　　

wgethttp://sourceforge.net/projects/wqy/files/wqy-microhei/0.2.0-beta/wqy-microhei-0.2.0-beta.tar.gz
tar zxvf wqy-microhei-0.2.0-beta.tar.gz
cd wqy-microhei
cp wqy-microhei.ttc /usr/share/fonts/wqy-microhei.ttc

　　

　　安装完成后注意在"设置"中更改下面两个必改项.
　　常规->RRDTool应用程序版本改为1.3.x,默认为1.0.x.不改可能图像不能正常显示出来.
　　路径->RRDTool默认字体路径改为上面安装的文件路径如/usr/share/fonts/wqy-microhei.ttc
　　
安装cacti的插件
4.1安装插件cacti-plugin
　　

gunzip 51CTO下载-cacti-plugin-0.8.7d-PA-v2.4-cn-utf8.diff.gz
mv 51CTO下载-cacti-plugin-0.8.7d-PA-v2.4-cn-utf8.diff /var/www/html/cacti/
cd /var/www/html/cacti/
mv 51CTO下载-cacti-plugin-0.8.7d-PA-v2.4-cn-utf8.diff cacti-plugin-0.8.7d-PA-v2.4-cn-utf8.diff
patch -p1 -N ALTER TABLE npc_eventhandlers ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_hostchecks ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_hoststatus ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_notifications ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_servicechecks ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_servicestatus ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_statehistory ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_systemcommands ADD long_output TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER output;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_services ADD importance smallint(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0';
Query OK, 8 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 8 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_hosts ADD importance smallint(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>ALTER TABLE npc_contacts ADD minimum_importance smallint(6) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> quit
Bye

　　

6.8重启服务
　　

service mysqld restart
service httpd restart
service nagios restart
ps -ef |grep ndo2db
kill -9 ndo2db的进程号
启动ndo2db
/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

　　

3.4.7 Cacti添加被监控主机
7.1监控端的设置
　　Cacti中添加监控主机设置方法：
　　① 添加设备
　　

　　报错：SNMP错误
　　解决办法：是因为被监控端没有启动snmp
　　service snmpd restart
　　然后到监控端cacti服务器上
　　snmpwalk -c public -v 2c 192.168.1.222 --> (这个ip为被监控主机的ip)
　　如果能够接收到被监控机器的数据信息，则表示被监控主机的snmp配置已经完成，没有错误。如果没有接收到被监控主机的数据信息，那么进行第三步操作。
　　
　　
　　第三，用root登录被监控主机，修改snmp的配置文件：
　　

vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
最后配置如下：
syslocation Server Room
syscontact Sysadmin (root@localhost)
rocommunity public 127.0.0.1
agentaddress 161
rocommunity public
rwcommunity private
trapsink 192.168.124.14 public 162 -->这里的ip=192.168.124.14为被监控主机ip

　　

　　然后，再执行第二步操作即可。
　　
　　eq\o\ac(○,2)2添加图像
　　
　　
Nagios NRPE监控远程主机
8.1监控端的设置
　　监控机安装NRPE
　　

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.12
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
make all
make install-plugin
#监控机只需安装到这步

　　

8.2被监控端的设置
8.2.1被监控端添加用户　　

groupadd nagios
useradd -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios -s /sbin/nologin nagios

　　

8.2.2被监控端安装nagios-plugins插件　　

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
tar zxf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.13
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --with-ping-command="/bin/ping" --with-mysql=/opt/mysql
make
make install

　　#查看插件文件是否已安装在这个目录
　　

ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec

8.2.3被监控端安装NRPE　　

wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.12
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
make install-daemon-config
chown -R nagios:nagios /usr/local/nagios

8.2.4配置被监控端的NRPE:　　

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.22 #Nagios监控机的地址或域名

　　修改/etc/hosts.allow增加监控机ip
　　

echo 'nrpe:192.168.1.22' >> /etc/hosts.allow

8.2.5启动NRPE守护进程：　　

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

8.2.6将nrpe加入/etc/rc.local，以便开机自动启动。　　

echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d" >> /etc/rc.local

8.2.7检查NRPE是否正常：　　在被监控机上
　　

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1

　　查看相应的端口：

netstat -an |grep 5666

　　防火墙开启5666允许局域网IP或固定IP连接
　　
　　在监控主机上
　　

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.1.222 $目标主机地址（被监控端地址）

　　都应该可以输出NRPE的版本：NRPE v2.12
　　
8.2.8检查可监控的服务　　在被监控端的nrpe.cfg文件中，可以看到这样的配置：
　　command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
　　这是用来检查CPU负载的。
　　
8.2.9配置被监控端的nrpe.cfg　　

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
添加以下内容：
command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_cpu.sh -w 80% -c 90%
command[check_sda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda1
command[check_sda2]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%
command[check_iostat]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_iostat.sh -d sda -w 6 -c 10
command[check_mysql]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mysql -H 192.168.0.22 -u nagios -p 123456 -d nagios
command[check_nginx]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nginx.sh -u 192.168.0.22 -p /status -w 4000 -c 5000
command[check_mem]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.pl -f -w 20 -c 10

　　如果需要自定参数则使用下面命令
　　command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$
　　并开启dont_blame_nrpe =1
　　开启参数将会带来一定的安全风险
　　
8.2.10被监控机重启nrpe　　

ps aux|grep nrpe
kill $pid
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d

8.3监控机NRPE的设置
8.3.1在监控机commands.cfg添加nrpe的定义　　

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
# 'check_nrpe ' command definition
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}

8.3.2在监控机的/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/下添加被监控机的配置文件app1.cfg，并配置　　在/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/目录下新建文件：app1.cfg
　　把app1.cfg添加到nagios主机：
　　

echo "cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/app1.cfg" >> /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

　　如果要再添加B机器如法炮制就可以了
　　

Vim app1.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name nagios-client
alias nagios-client
address 192.168.1.222 //被监控端的IP地址
icon_image server.gif
statusmap_image server.gd2
2d_coords 500,200
3d_coords 500,200,100
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name *
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description boot分区
check_command check_nrpe!check_sda1
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description 根分区
check_command check_nrpe!check_sda2
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description 登录用户数
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description 进总程数
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description CPU平均负载
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description 虚拟内存
check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description SSH
check_command check_nrpe!check_ssh
notifications_enabled 0
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description 僵死进程数
check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description iostat
check_command check_nrpe!check_iostat
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description mysql
check_command check_nrpe!check_mysql
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description nginx
check_command check_nrpe!check_nginx
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description memory
check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name nagios-client
service_description IP连接数
check_command check_nrpe!check_ip_conn
}

8.3.3检查nagios配置文件是否报错　　

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

　　重启监控机nagios
　　

service nagios reload

访问http://localhost/nagios就可以看到新增的机器了

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